A type Adelaide tram

This article is about a class of tram that first ran on the street tramways of Adelaide, South Australia in 1909. For an overview of the city's tram types, see Tram types in Adelaide.

A type
A1 at the Tramway Museum, St Kilda in March 2009
Manufacturer	Duncan & Fraser
Assembly	Adelaide
Constructed	1908/09
Number built	70
Fleet numbers	1-30, 61-100
Capacity	40
Specifications
Car length	10.19 metres
Width	2.69 metres
Height	3.35 metres
Weight	10.9 tonnes
Traction motors	2 x 33hp Westinghouse
Current collector(s)	Trolley pole
Bogies	JG Brill Company 21E
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)

The A type Adelaide tram was a class of 70 drop-end, Californian combination trams built by Duncan & Fraser, Adelaide in 1908/09 for the Municipal Tramways Trust (MTT). They were used on tram lines to Kensington, Marryatville, Maylands, Payneham, Wakerville, North Adelaide, Parkside, Unley and Hyde Park. In later years they were cascaded to quieter services to Croydon and the isolated Port Adelaide network.

Their California combination description encompassed their combination of a central saloon compartment and open cross-bench seating at each end; a design that had proved popular in California, with its climate similar to Adelaide's.

When the MTT introduced an alphabetical classification system in 1923, they were designated A type. Many were retired in the 1930s, but most returned to service during World War II operating in coupled pairs to conserve manpower. These were nicknamed Bib & Bubs after comic characters created by children's author May Gibbs. The remaining examples were withdrawn in 1952.

They were never fitted with air brakes, instead using handbrakes for normal stops and magnetic track brakes for emergencies. All 70 were originally fitted with Brill Winner style (tip-over) seats in the saloon section; in 1937 20 cars swapped their seats with Hale & Kilburn fixed rattan seats from 20 C type trams.

Numbers 10, 69 and 92 were sold to the State Electricity Commission of Victoria and placed in service in Ballarat as numbers 21, 23, and 22. The former remained in service until the system closed in 1971.

Preservation

Two have been preserved:

• 1 and 10 by the Tramway Museum, St Kilda

Preservation

Four have been preserved:

• 1 and 10 by the Tramway Museum, St Kilda
• 14 and 15 by the Tramway Museum, St Kilda as a Bib and Bub coupled pair.