45th Legislature of the Haitian Parliament
The 45th Legislature of the Haitian Parliament was in office from 4 February 1991 to 4 February 1995.
Elections
[edit]Following the June 1988 military-led coup d'état, the newly-formed 44th Legislature was dissolved. Legislative activity was further delayed by the September 1988 coup and ongoing military rule. After the departures of Generals Namphy and Avril, General Hérard Abraham organized elections for president and Parliament in two rounds of elections on 16 December 1990 and 20 January 1991, alongside the presidential election. Jean-Bertrand Aristide's National Front for Change and Democracy (FCND) won the parliamentary elections, with a voter turnout of 50.8%.[1][2]
The 45th Legislature's work was disrupted by a military coup eight months after the elections, which overthrew Aristide. Additional partial Senate elections were held in Haiti on 18 January 1993 to elect one-third of the 27-member Senate,[3] alongside by-elections for one seat in the Senate and three seats in the Chamber of Deputies.[4]
These 1993 elections, conducted under the rule of Raoul Cédras (who had overthrown the democratically elected government in the 1991 coup) and overseen by Marc Bazin,[5] were declared illegitimate by the Permanent Council of the Organization of American States.[3] The elected members were generally supportive of the coup.[5]
On 2 March 1993, police and soldiers entered Parliament in an attempt to remove 13 parliamentarians elected in 1990 to make way for the newly elected members.[6] The presence of the 1993-elected members posed an additional obstacle to negotiations for returning to civilian rule;[7] however, it was eventually agreed that they would not take their seats.[8]
Legislative activity largely continued with the return of Aristide and civilian rule in October 1994.
Members
[edit]Senate
[edit]- Artibonite: Thomas Eddy Dupiton, Déjean Belizaire, Serge Joseph
- Centre: Serge Gilles, Hérard Pauyo, Smith Metelus
- Grand-Anse: Robert Opont, Bernard Sansaricq, Yvon Ghislain
- Nord: Rony Mondestin, Edrice Raymond, Raoul Remy
- Nord-Est: Firmin Jean-Louis, Judnel Jean, Amos Andre
- Nord-Ouest: Luc Fleurinord, Ebrané Cadet, Art L. Austin
- Ouest: Jacques Clarck Parent, Turneb Delpe, Wesner Emmanuel
- Sud: Julio Larosiliere, Franck Leonard, Frahner Jean-Baptiste
- Sud-Est: Guy Bauduy, Jean-Robert Martinez, Alberto Joseph
Chamber of Deputies
[edit]Leaders
[edit]Senate
[edit]| Name | Took office | Left office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Endrice Raymond[9] | 1991 | 1991 | FNCD |
| Déjean Bélizaire[10] | ? - August 1991 | 31 January 1993 | MNP 28 |
| Firmin Jean-Louis[11] and Thomas Eddy Dupiton | 31 January 1993 | 4 February 1994 | FNCD |
| Bernard Sansaricq | 4 February 1994 | October 1994 | |
| Firmin Jean-Louis[11] | October 1994 | 13 October 1995 | FNCD |
Chamber of Deputies
[edit]| Name | Took office | Left office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ernst Pedro Casséus[12] | 1991 | 20 August 1991 | |
| Pierre Duly Brutus[13] | 20 August 1991[14] | 1992 | |
| Alexandre Médard[15] | 15 January 1992 | January 1993[16] | |
| Antoine Joseph[17] | January 1993[16] | January 1994 | |
| Frantz Robert Mondé[17][15] | 13 January 1994 | 1994 | |
| Pierre Duly Brutus[13] | 1994 | 1995 |
References
[edit]- ^ Dieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I, pp390-392 ISBN 978-0-19-928357-6
- ^ Haiti: Elections held in 1990 Inter-Parliamentary Union
- ^ a b Crisis in Haiti: Seeking a Political Solution, United Nations Department of Public Information
- ^ Freedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties, 1992-1993, p687
- ^ a b David Malone (1998) Decision-making in the UN Security Council: The Case of Haiti, 1990-1997, Clarendon Press, p262
- ^ David Malone (1998) Decision-making in the UN Security Council: The Case of Haiti, 1990-1997, Clarendon Press, p262
- ^ Malone, p79
- ^ United Nations Peace-keeping Information Notes 1995, p 193
- ^ Christian Lionet (1992). Haïti: l'année Aristide. L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-7384-1250-8.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. 1991. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 2020-08-04.
- ^ a b Pezzullo, Ralph (19 June 2019). Plunging into Haiti: Clinton, Aristide, and the Defeat of Diplomacy. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-60473-534-5.
- ^ "HAïTI : nouveau président à la Chambre des députés". Le Monde.fr. 23 August 1991 – via Le Monde.
- ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "HAïTI : nouveau président à la Chambre des députés". Le Monde.fr. 27 July 2020. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020.
- ^ a b "The Haiti Files" (PDF). historyisaweapon.com. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
- ^ a b Country Report: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico. The Unit. 1993.
- ^ a b Pezzullo, Ralph (20 June 2019). Plunging Into Haiti: Clinton, Aristide, and the Defeat of Diplomacy. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 9781604735345 – via Google Books.