3-Dehydroquinic acid

3-Dehydroquinic acid
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name (1R,3R,4S)-1,3,4-Trihydroxy-5-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	10534-44-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:17947 ;
ChemSpider	388474 ;
PubChem CID	439351;
UNII	Q8HL497GUU ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50909453 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H10O6/c8-3-1-7(13,6(11)12)2-4(9)5(3)10/h3,5,8,10,13H,1-2H2,(H,11,12)/t3-,5+,7-/m1/s1 Key: WVMWZWGZRAXUBK-SYTVJDICSA-N ; InChI=1/C7H10O6/c8-3-1-7(13,6(11)12)2-4(9)5(3)10/h3,5,8,10,13H,1-2H2,(H,11,12)/t3-,5+,7-/m1/s1 Key: WVMWZWGZRAXUBK-SYTVJDICBW;
	SMILES O=C1C[C@@](O)([C@@](O)=O)C[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O; O=C1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C(=O)O)C1;
Properties
Chemical formula	C7H10O6
Molar mass	190.152 g/mol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

3-Dehydroquinic acid (DHQ) is the first carbocyclic intermediate of the shikimate pathway.^[1] It is created from 3-deoxyarabinoheptulosonate 7-phosphate, a 7-carbon ulonic acid, by the enzyme DHQ synthase. The mechanism of ring closure is complex, but involves an aldol condensation at C-2 and C-7.

It has the same structure as quinic acid, which is found in coffee, but the C-3 hydroxyl is oxidized to a ketone group. 3-Dehydroquinic acid undergoes five further enzymatic steps in the remainder of the shikimate pathway to chorismic acid, a precursor to tyrosine, 3-phenylalanine, tryptophan, and some vitamins, including:

Vitamin K
Pteroylmonoglutamic acid, called folate.

3-Dehydroquinate can also be a precursor to pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an alternate redox coenzyme involved in oxidative phosphorylation.

Biosynthesis

3-Dehydroquinate goes through beta oxidation, similar to fatty acids. Then, this compound (6-oxo-3-dehydro-quinate) is transaminated to 6-amino-3-dehydroquinate. Then 6-amino-3-dehydro-quinate is dehydrated and reduced to 6-amino-4-desoxy-3-keto-quinate, which reacts with dehydroalanine and alpha-ketoglutarate, to form hexahydro-pyrroloquinoline quinone.^[2] This compound is oxidized by FAD to PQQ.

References

^ Morrow, Gary W. (2016). "The Shikimate Pathway: Biosynthesis of Phenolic Products from Shikimic Acid". Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780199860531.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-986053-1. Retrieved 2022-09-14.
^ Peón, Antonio; Otero, José M.; Tizón, Lorena; Prazeres, Verónica F. V.; Llamas-Saiz, Antonio L.; Fox, Gavin C.; van Raaij, Mark J.; Lamb, Heather; Hawkins, Alastair R.; Gago, Federico; Castedo, Luis; González-Bello, Concepción (2010-09-02). "Understanding the Key Factors that Control the Inhibition of Type II Dehydroquinase by (2R)-2-Benzyl-3-dehydroquinic Acids". ChemMedChem. 5 (10): 1726–1733. doi:10.1002/cmdc.201000281. PMID 20815012. S2CID 13587154.

[1] Morrow, Gary W. (2016). "The Shikimate Pathway: Biosynthesis of Phenolic Products from Shikimic Acid". Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780199860531.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-986053-1. Retrieved 2022-09-14.

[2] Peón, Antonio; Otero, José M.; Tizón, Lorena; Prazeres, Verónica F. V.; Llamas-Saiz, Antonio L.; Fox, Gavin C.; van Raaij, Mark J.; Lamb, Heather; Hawkins, Alastair R.; Gago, Federico; Castedo, Luis; González-Bello, Concepción (2010-09-02). "Understanding the Key Factors that Control the Inhibition of Type II Dehydroquinase by (2R)-2-Benzyl-3-dehydroquinic Acids". ChemMedChem. 5 (10): 1726–1733. doi:10.1002/cmdc.201000281. PMID 20815012. S2CID 13587154.

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