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September 2024 Lebanon strikes

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September 2024 Lebanon strikes
Part of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
TypeAirstrikes
Location
Southern Lebanon, Beqaa Valley and Beirut, Lebanon
TargetHezbollah
Date23 September 2024 (2024-09-23) – ongoing
06:30 – (EEST)
Executed by Israel Defense Forces
OutcomeOngoing
Casualties700+[1][2] killed
2,000+[2] injured

On 23 September 2024, Israel began a series of airstrikes in Lebanon as part of the ongoing Israel–Hezbollah conflict with an operation it code-named Northern Arrows.[a] Since then, Israel's attacks have killed over 700 people,[4] injured at least 1,835,[5][6] and have displaced hundreds of thousands of Lebanese civilians. The attacks are the deadliest in Lebanon since the end of the Lebanese Civil War, and began five days after Israel performed a deadly pager and walkie-talkie attack on devices intended for Hezbollah members, and three days after Israel performed an airstrike on an apartment complex in Beirut which killed Redwan Force commander Ibrahim Aqil as well as 54 others.[7][8]

The attacks have killed at least 50 children.[9] Additionally, Israel hit 14 ambulances and fire engines, killing four emergency responders and wounding 16 other medics.[10] The attacks caused chaos among Lebanese civilians, forming traffic jams as they attempted to flee.[7] Hundreds of schools were converted into shelters,[11] where NGOs and volunteers worked to meet the needs of the displaced, as the Lebanese government struggled to provide adequate support.[12] More than 31,000 people fled from Lebanon to Syria.[4]

A US Department of State official said the US did not see Israel's reported strategy of "escalate to de-escalate" as being effective.[13] Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati called the attacks a "war of extermination" and accused Israel of trying to destroy Lebanese villages and towns.[14] Governments and human rights organizations have called for de-escalation. Israel has rejected these calls and have said that they will continue the attacks.[4]

Background

See also: Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present) and 2024 Lebanon pager explosions

A day after Hamas launched its 7 October 2023 attacks on Israel, Hezbollah joined the conflict in "solidarity with the Palestinians"[15][16] by firing on Israeli military outposts in Shebaa Farms,[16] and Golan Heights[17] — both territories under Israeli occupation.[17] Since then, Hezbollah and Israel have been involved in cross-border military exchanges that have displaced entire communities in Israel and Lebanon, with significant damage to buildings and land along the border. From 7 October 2023 to 20 September 2024, there were 10,200 cross border attacks, of which Israel launched 8,300.[18] Over 96,000 people in Israel[19] and approximately 500,000 in Lebanon have been displaced.[20][21] As of 24 August 2024, there were 564 confirmed deaths in Lebanon, including 133 civilians.[22] Israel and Hezbollah have maintained their attacks at a level that causes harm without escalating into a full-scale war.[23]

Hezbollah has stated it will continue attacking Israel until Israel halts its operations in Gaza,[24] where over 40,000 Palestinians have been killed.[25][26] Israel demanded that Hezbollah implement UNSC 1701 and withdraw its forces north of the Litani River.[27][28] Both Israel and Hezbollah have outstanding obligations under UNSCR 1701.[29][30][31] Diplomatic efforts, led by U.S. envoy Amos Hochstein and France, have so far been unsuccessful in resolving the conflict.[32][33] Late on 16 September 2024, the Security Cabinet of Israel established a new Israel-Hamas war objective: the safe return to the north of residents displaced by the cross-border conflict with Lebanon. This goal was added to the two existing objectives: dismantling Hamas and securing the release of hostages taken during the 7 October attacks.[34][35]

On 17 and 18 September 2024, thousands of handheld pagers and walkie-talkies exploded in a coordinated series of attacks.[36] The explosions killed 42 people and injured at least 3,500, including civilians.[37][38][39] Reuters reported that, according to an unnamed Hezbollah official, 1,500 Hezbollah fighters were taken out of action due to injuries, with many blinded or having lost their hands.[40] Despite Israel denying involvement with the attack,[41] unnamed Israeli sources told Reuters and other media that it was orchestrated by Israel's intelligence service (Mossad) and military.[42][43][36] In response, Hezbollah, who described the attack as a possible declaration of war by Israel, launched a rocket attack on northern Israel a few days later.[44][45]

On 20 September 2024, tensions further rose after Ibrahim Aqil—a senior commander of Hezbollah's Redwan special operations unit, who was wanted for the 1983 US embassy bombing and the 1983 Beirut barracks bombings—was killed in an Israeli strike in Beirut, along with other senior commanders from the unit.[46][47] After advising Lebanese citizens to evacuate, Israel began airstrikes on 23 September.[48]

Attacks

Lebanon

23 September

The IDF said it had attacked 1,300 Hezbollah military sites in southern Lebanon and the Beqaa Valley.[49] One attack hit as far as Byblos, north of Beirut. The first wave of attacks began at 06:30 EET and hit hospitals and ambulances according to Firass Abiad, the Lebanese Health Minister.[50][51] According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), 83 civilians were confirmed killed by Israeli attacks, and 93,881 civilians fled their homes. According to the OCHA, Israeli attacks have damaged civilian infrastructure such as water, electricity, and telecommunications installations.[52] The first wave of attacks focused mostly on At Tiri, Bint Jbeil, and Hanine followed by shelling on Aita al-Shaab, Aitaroun, and Mahrouna and targeted attacks on Shmustar, Taraya, Bodai, Khiyam, the Mahmoudiyah area, and Harbata, Hermel, and other areas.[53][54]

Shortly before noon, the Israeli Air Force (IAF) launched a second wave of attacks, targeting the areas previously struck in addition to bombardment of Hula, Majdel Selm, Talloussa, Sawwaneh, Taybeh, Deir Qanoun En Nahr, Maaroub amongst other areas.[55] Six people were injured when three missiles struck the Beir al-Abed neighborhood of Beirut.[51] The attack targeted Ali Karaki, whom Israel says is the commander of Hezbollah's Southern Front,[56][57] but Hezbollah said that he survived the attack.[58][50]

Israel reportedly launched five attacks in Qaliya, in the western Beqaa Valley, one of which hit a residential home, killing a father and his daughter.[59] Ten people were also killed in Taraya, near Baalbek. Sixteen attacks hit the town of Khodor, killing 14 people. An entire family was killed in Bodai.[60] The Al-Qassam Brigades reported the death of their field commander Hussein al-Nader during the attacks in Lebanon.[61]

Israeli attacks continued into the night between 23 and 24 September, but were mostly focused on the Beqaa Valley.[62]

24 September

On 24 September, the IDF carried out a attack on a Hezbollah stronghold in southern Beirut, killing Ibrahim Qubaisi, head of Hezbollah's Missile Corps.[63][64] Three floors of the building it hit were destroyed, resulting in the deaths of five others, including two United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) staff,[65] and injuring fifteen.[66] Bombardments also struck Al-Nabi Shayth, Bodai, Jieh, and a region between Shaath and Hermel in the Beqaa Valley. Additionally, an attack targeted warehouses in Duris. In Shaath alone, 12 individuals were killed, including ten members of the Hajj Hassan family.[67][68]

The IDF said it struck Hezbollah launchers used to launch missiles targeting Megiddo Airfield. It also attacked dozens of other Hezbollah targets in southern Lebanon.[69] At least 13 people were killed in other strikes in southern Lebanon.[70]

25 September

On 25 September, the IAF said it had struck a total of 280 Hezbollah sites across Lebanon, including weapons depots and rocket launchers.[71] The Lebanese Health Ministry announced that at least 51 people were killed in the attacks.[72] Four people were killed and 18 were injured after the IDF targeted Maaysara in the Christian majority district of Keserwan for the first time since the beginning of the war.[73] Israeli attacks also targeted villages and towns around Tyre, while rockets were launched at Israel and intercepted by the Iron Dome.[74] An Israeli airstrike in Maaysrah, Keserwan District killed three people and wounded nine others.[75] An Israeli attack in Ain Qana killed three people and injured 13 others.[76]

Al-Manar TV cameraman Kamel Karaki was killed in an Israeli attack on Qantara.[77] An Israeli airstrike in Joun killed four people and injured seven others,[78] while an attack in Bint Jbeil killed four.[50] Two people were killed and 27 injured during the bombardment of Tebnine, southern Lebanon.[79] An Israeli airstrike in Tebnine killed three people and injured 20 others.[80] Several Israeli attacks in Baalbek-Hermel Governorate killed at least seven people and injured 38 others.[81] An Israeli attack in Maroun al-Ras injured two people,[50] while another in Ainata injured one person.[50] An Israeli airstrike on a house in Byblos killed one person.[82] IDF chief Herzi Halevi said that the attacks in Lebanon were laying the foundation for a ground offensive.[83] An explosion in Tyre caused a nearby building to collapse, killing a French citizen.[84] At least three people were killed in Israeli attacks on Maaysrah, including two woman.[85] Hezbollah said its air defense units forced two Israeli aircraft to return from Lebanese airspace and that it targeted Kiryat Motzkin with rockets and Fadi-1 missiles.[86]

The IDF said it destroyed sixty Hezbollah intelligence directorate targets.[87]

26 September

The IDF said that it struck 220 Hezbollah targets in Lebanon.[88] The Lebanese Health Ministry announced that 92 people were killed and 153 others were injured in the attacks.[89]

An Israeli air strike in Aita al-Shaab killed three people.[90] An Israeli strike in Qana killed a Syrian national and injured another person.[90] The IDF said that it struck about 75 Hezbollah targets in Lebanon.[91] An Israeli strike on a three-storey building in Younine killed at least 23 Syrians, a majority of them women or children, and injured eight others.[92] Three people were killed and 17 others were injured in Israeli air strikes around Tyre area.[93] An Israeli air strike destroyed a bridge in the Lebanese side of the Lebanon-Syria border in the northeastern Hermel region and injured five people. The IDF said that it destroyed an infrastructure used by Hezbollah to transfer weapons from Syria.[94] An Israeli airstrike in Dahieh targeting Mohammed Srur, the commander of Hezbollah's drone unit, killed two people including the target and injured at least 15 others including a woman.[95][96][97][98]

Israel

23 September

On 23 September, Hezbollah fired a total of 150 rockets into Israel, the West Bank, and Golan Heights, injuring five people. It first fired 35 rockets into northern Israel targeting IDF bases and warehouses, lightly injuring a man in the Lower Galilee.[99] Later that day, it fired around 80 rockets, targeting several locations including Ariel and Karnei Shomron in the occupied West Bank.[100][101] The missile and artillery battalion's headquarters in the Yoav barracks was hit with dozens of rockets as well as warehouses at the Nimra military base.[102]

Two Palestinian civilians were wounded in a Hezbollah rocket attack on Deir Istiya. The headquarters of the 146th "Ha-Mapatz" Division was also reported to be struck by a Hezbollah attack.[103] Ben Gurion Airport was attacked by missiles but the missiles were intercepted.[104] Hezbollah claimed to have attacked the Northern Command reserve headquarters and the 91st "Galilee" Division HQ at the Amiad base with rockets as well as having attacked the Rafael Advanced Defense Systems installations north of Haifa with dozens of rockets.[105]

24 September

On 24 September, as Hezbollah continued its strikes on Israel, one million Israelis moved into shelters.[106] Throughout the day, the group fired approximately 300 rockets at northern Israel, targeting the Upper Galilee and south of Haifa and injuring six people.[107] Heavy damage was inflicted on buildings and a cemetery in Kiryat Shmona,[108] while a reservist was injured by shrapnel in the Mount Carmel area.[109][110] The IDF reported that around ten projectiles were launched from Lebanon toward the HaAmakim region.[111]

Hezbollah launched six attacks on Israeli airbases and an explosives factory,[69] and said it used a new missile named Fadi-3 to target an IDF base.[112] Hezbollah rockets also targeted Katzrin,[113] and it launched a total of 90 missiles in two attacks on Dado IDF base in the vicinity of Safed.[114][115] Hezbollah drones struck the Atlit naval base in the vicinity of Haifa.[116]

25 September

On 25 September, a surface-to-surface missile was intercepted from Lebanon towards Tel Aviv.[117] Hezbollah said its ballistic missile targeted Mossad headquarters in the vicinity of the city.[118] Hezbollah also fired 40 rockets at the Upper Galilee, striking an assisted living facility in Safed.[119] Its missile strikes in Sa'ar injured two people.[120] Two Israelis were slightly wounded in a drone strike by the Islamic Resistance in Iraq on the Port of Eilat.[121] A Hezbollah rocket hit a cable car at the Mount Hermon ski resort damaging it.[122]

26 September

Hezbollah attacked Acre with some projectiles falling in the Mediterranean Sea.[123][124] Approximately 45 rockets were launched from Lebanon towards northern Israel.[125] Hezbollah said that its missiles targeted Rafael Advanced Defense Systems military facilities in Zevulun area.[126]

Casualties

More than 700 people were killed and over 2,000 injured during the first four days.[127] Among the fatalities are at least 50 children, 94 women, and 4 medics, according to the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health.[128][129] The UNHCR expressed outrage over the killing of two of its staff. The Lebanese University (LU) announced that an LU student and her sister were killed during the attacks.[130] Lebanon's electricity company said one of its engineers was killed in her home by an Israeli attack, along with her husband, children, parents, and sister.[12]

Israeli attacks hit 14 ambulances and fire engines, killing four Risala emergency responders and wounding 16 other medics.[12] Other casualties included Al-Manar TV cameraman Kamel Karaki and journalist Hadi al-Sayed, who worked for the pro-Hezbollah network Al Mayadeen.[131][12] The strikes were the deadliest attack on Lebanon since the end of the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990).[7] An Iraqi man was also killed and many more injured.[132][133] Two Canadians were killed on a road while trying to seek refuge.[134][135] Seventy Syrian refugees were also killed, according to the Syrian Observatory of Human Rights.[136] A domestic worker from The Gambia was killed alongside eight others in a strike in Hanaouay.[137] An elderly woman from France was killed on September 26.[138]

Senior Hezbollah commanders Ali Aburia and Mohammad Saleh were killed in the attacks.[139][140] The head of Hezbollah's rocket unit, Ibrahim Qubaisi, was killed in Beirut on September 24,[64] while Mohammad Hussein Surur, head of one of Hezbollah’s drone units, was killed in the same city two days later.[141]

Mahmoud al Nader, a field commander of Hamas's al-Qassam Brigades, was also killed in southern Lebanon.[142] Hussein Nader, a leader in the Civil Defense affiliated with the Amal Movement, the al-Rissala Scouts, was killed in an Israeli airstrike on his house in Marjeyoun.[143]

Displacement

Main article: Lebanese displacement during the Israel–Hezbollah conflict

In addition to the hundreds of thousands of Lebanese who had already been displaced since October 2023, 90,000 more have been displaced between 23 and 24 September.[12] On the first day of attacks, those fleeing south Lebanon were stuck in traffic as two-hour drives took some people more than 14 hours.[144] Five hundred and sixty-nine public facilities are being used for shelter, including schools, vocational institutes, and agricultural centres.[4] The Lebanese government is not well-equipped to provide supplies or staff, so NGOs, individual donors, and volunteers affiliated with political parties are trying to meet people's needs.[12]

On 25 September, Lebanon's foreign minister Abdallah Bou Habib said that nearly 500,000 people were displaced due to the attacks.[145]

Reactions

Lebanon

During a cabinet meeting, Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati called the attacks a "war of extermination" and accused Israel of trying to destroy Lebanese villages and towns.[14] A representative of Lebanon at the UNGA described the attacks as having "threatened social order".[13][146]

All non-essential judicial work in Lebanon was suspended on 24 September.[146] The Lebanese Football Association indefinitely postponed all domestic matches.[147]

Israel

Following the attacks, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu postponed a flight to New York where he was due to attend the general debate of the seventy-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA).[148] He later said that his country was "chang[ing] the security balance, the balance of power in the north". An Israeli official later told CNN that there was "great satisfaction" across the Israeli political spectrum for the IDF's performance. Opposition leader Yair Lapid also expressed his support for the operation.[13]

Israel warned that its strikes on Hezbollah would intensify, urging Lebanese civilians to flee areas where the group was storing weapons.[149] Netanyahu addressed the Lebanese people, stating, the "war is not with you; it's with Hezbollah" accusing the group of using civilians as human shields.[150][151][152] He called on residents in southern Lebanon to evacuate until after the strikes had ended.[151]

The government declared a nationwide state of emergency to last until 30 September.[153][154]

International

Governments

  •  Australia: Foreign minister Penny Wong reiterated the government's warning to citizens in Lebanon to leave the country, saying there would not be enough capacity in the event of an evacuation.[155]
  •  Canada: Prime Minister Justin Trudeau described the killing of Lebanese women and children as "extraordinarily concerning" during a speech at the UNGA. He reiterated his call for a "de-escalation, both by Israel and Hezbollah."[156] His foreign minister, Mélanie Joly, reiterated her warning to Canadians in Lebanon to leave immediately.[157]
  •  China: Foreign minister Wang Yi said his country stood on the "side of justice and on the side of Arab brothers, including Lebanon".[156]
  •  Egypt: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs called on "international powers and the United Nations Security Council to intervene immediately" to stop "the dangerous Israeli escalation in Lebanon".[158]
  •  France: President Emmanuel Macron called for a cessation of hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah during a speech at the UNGA.[159] Foreign minister Jean-Noël Barrot called for an emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council and urged an end to the strikes. Barrot also announced a forthcoming visit to Lebanon later in the week.[160]
  •  Greece: Foreign minister Giorgos Gerapetritis described the escalation of the conflict as showing a "collective international failure".[156]
  •  Indonesia: Foreign minister Retno Marsudi released a statement condemning the strikes.[161]
  •  Iran: President Masoud Pezeshkian accused Israel of "dragging" Iran into a wider conflict, adding "there is no winner in warfare."[162] Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said the attacks on Hezbollah were "not the sort of damage that could bring the group to its knees".[163]
  •  Iraq: Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani announced that the country would provide humanitarian aid to Lebanon. Sudani endorsed a statement by Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, Iraq's highest Shia cleric, who said that "every possible effort" should be made to stop "the ongoing barbaric aggression" of Israel in Lebanon and called for humanitarian aid. Sudani announced a plan by his cabinet to establish air and land bridges to deliver aid to Lebanon and open Iraqi hospitals "to receive the injured and wounded", and also called on leaders of Arab delegations at the UNGA to hold an urgent meeting.[164]
  •  Jordan: King Abdullah II expressed his country's "absolute support for Lebanon, its security, its sovereignty and the safety of its citizens" during a phone call with Mikati.[146] Foreign minister Ayman Safadi called on the United Nations Security Council to intervene to "curb Israeli aggression and protect the region from its disastrous consequences."[13]
  •  Poland: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed "deep concern" and called on "all parties to exercise restraint and to stop the violence, which will have consequences for the entire region".[165]
  •  Qatar: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement condemning the strikes "in the strongest terms".[156]
  •  Russia: Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said Russia was "extremely concerned" over the strikes and warned of the "widening area of conflict and a complete destabilization of the region."[166]
  •  Saudi Arabia: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed "great concern" and called on "all parties to exercise the utmost restraint".[156]
  •  Syria: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemned what it said was an "Israeli brutal aggression on the Lebanese brotherly people under the protection of USA".[167]
  •  Turkey: President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan condemned the strikes during a speech at the UNGA.[156] The Ministry of Foreign Affairs described the situation as "a new phase in [Israel's] efforts to drag the entire region into chaos", and accused Israeli allies of supporting Netanyahu "for his political interests".[168]
  •  United Arab Emirates: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs reaffirmed the United Arab Emirates' stance against "violence, escalation, uncalculated actions and reactions that disregard laws governing state relations and sovereignty".[156][169]
  •  United Kingdom: Prime Minister Keir Starmer said his ministry was "ramping up the contingency plans" for British nationals to leave Lebanon.[170] Foreign Secretary David Lammy said he was "deeply alarmed", and warned that "further escalation risks even more devastating consequences". Lammy reiterated his call for "an immediate ceasefire on both sides".[156] The UK government announced it would send 700 troops to RAF Akrotiri in Cyprus to assist with the evacuation of Britons in Lebanon.[171]
  •  United States: President Joe Biden said his administration was "working to de-escalate in a way that allows people to return home safely", during a meeting with UAE President Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan.[156] A Department of State official said the US did not see Israel's reported strategy of "escalate to de-escalate" as being effective.[13]

Other

Pope Francis described the situation in Lebanon as "unacceptable" and called on the international community to make "every effort" to prevent an escalation in violence.[172]

A joint statement by the G7 said that "actions and counter-reactions risk magnifying this dangerous spiral of violence" leading to "a broader regional conflict with unimaginable consequences".[156] The European Union's foreign policy chief, Josep Borrell, expressed concern over the situation, describing Israel and Hezbollah as "almost in a full-fledged war".[173]

United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres said he was "gravely alarmed by the escalating situation along the Blue Line", referring to the demarcated section of the Israel–Lebanon border.[156] A spokesperson for the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights said it was "extremely concerned" about the risk of escalation.[13]

Several airlines announced a suspension of their flights to Lebanon.[174]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Also referred to as Arrows of the North, Hebrew: חיצי הצפון, romanized: Chitzei HaTzafun [3]

References

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