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2024 Talerddig train collision

Coordinates: 52°35′28″N 3°35′02″W / 52.5912°N 3.5838°W / 52.5912; -3.5838
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2024 Talerddig train collision
Photograph of the two trains collided head-on
View of the accident site - train 1S71 is shown on the left of picture and train 1J25 on the right.
Map
Details
Date21 October 2024 (2024-10-21)
19:26 BST (18:26 UTC)
LocationTalerddig, Powys, Wales
Coordinates
CountryUnited Kingdom
LineCambrian Line
OperatorTransport for Wales Rail
Service
Incident typeHead-on collision
CauseUnder investigation
Statistics
Trains2
Passengers41
Crew4
Deaths1
Injured15
Location diagram
To Shrewsbury
 Route of Shrewsbury - Aberystwyth train
Talerddig passing loop
Collision
Route of Machynlleth - Shrewsbury train
To Machynlleth
This diagram:

On 21 October 2024, a passenger train heading westwards from Shrewsbury to Aberystwyth on the Cambrian Line in Wales collided head-on with another train heading in the opposite direction on a section of single line approximately 900 m (1⁄2 mile) west of the passing loop at Talerddig, Powys. The trains had been scheduled to pass at the loop, but the first train failed to stop. Fifteen people were injured in the crash, and one passenger subsequently died. A preliminary investigation found evidence of low wheel/rail adhesion and that the sanders, which help increase adhesion when braking, may not have been working. A formal investigation into the accident was opened on 22 October.

Background

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The passing loop at Talerddig, looking north-west towards Machynlleth

The Cambrian Line is a railway line that runs from Shrewsbury in England across the Welsh border to Aberystwyth and Pwllheli, passing over the Cambrian Mountains in central Wales. Most of the route is single track, with passing loops provided at strategic points to allow crossings of trains in opposite directions. Since 2011, the line has been controlled by European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS), which replaces traditional signalling with in-cab train control.[1] As of 2024, trains are operated by Transport for Wales Rail.[2]

Talerddig was a station and passing loop at the summit of the Cambrian Line between Caersws and Machynlleth. The station opened in 1900 and was closed in 1965, but the passing loop remained in use and is a regular crossing point for trains. In the westbound direction, trains approach Talerddig on a rising gradient of 1 in 80 (1.25%).[3] At Talerddig passing loop, the line is level for about a quarter of a mile (400 m); this is the summit of the line, at an elevation of 693 feet (211 m) above mean sea level. From this level stretch, the line descends at a gradient of 1 in 56 (1.79%), steepening to 1 in 52 (1.92%) after the first mile down to the former Llanbrynmair station.[4][5] In steam days, most eastbound trains needed assistance from Machynlleth up to Talerddig: in some cases, a train might have three locomotives – two at the front and one at the rear. Unbraked goods trains always had assistance at the rear if not also at the front, because of the danger that a broken coupling could result in a runaway wagon.[6]

Trains involved

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The two trains involved, number 158841 at Wrexham General in 2015 and 158824 at Crewe in 2001

On the day of the collision, the 18:31 westbound passenger train from Shrewsbury to Aberystwyth (train reporting number 1J25) was formed of a two-coach class 158 diesel multiple unit number 158841,[7][8] built between 1989 and 1992.[9] At the time of the collision, it had 37 passengers on board.[10]

The 19:09 eastbound passenger train from Machynlleth to Shrewsbury (train reporting number 1S71) was formed of another two-coach class 158 unit, number 158824. It had four passengers on board.[10]

Collision

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On 21 October 2024, the two trains were due to pass at Talerddig. The westbound train to Aberystwyth, 1J21, entered the loop first but failed to stop.[11] It continued beyond the loop, and collided head-on with the eastbound train to Shrewsbury, 1S71, at 19:26 BST (18:26 UTC), approximately 900 m (1⁄2 mile) west of the loop.[11][12] Initial investigations indicate that at the time of the impact, the Aberystwyth train was travelling at between 24 and 39 km/h (15 and 24 mph), and the Shrewsbury train had slowed to approximately 10 km/h (6 mph), though the speeds are subject to further investigation.[11] Before the impact, the driver of the Shrewsbury to Aberystwyth train had entered the saloon to warn passengers of the impending collision.[13][14] Fifteen people were taken to hospital with injuries, four of them serious, but none were described as life-threatening or life-changing; one passenger subsequently died.[12][15][16] He was reported to have had a heart attack.[17]

Unit 158824 on the Shrewsbury train sustained severe damage to one of its cabs.[18] This was the second accident that 158824 had been involved in. In July 2008, it collided with a vehicle on a level crossing between Shrewsbury and Wrexham General. Repairs to the unit took seven months to complete.[19]

The crash was the first collision between passenger trains in Wales since the Severn Tunnel rail accident in 1991.[20] The death of the passenger is believed to be the first fatality on an ERTMS-controlled line in the UK.[10]

Response and aftermath

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The Welsh Ambulance Service, EMRTS Cymru, British Transport Police (BTP), Dyfed-Powys Police, Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service. Coastguard and Wales Air Ambulance helicopters also attended the scene.[14][8] The main road between north and south Wales, the A470, was closed as a result of the accident.[15] Passengers from the two trains continued their journeys by bus.[14] The railway between Machynlleth and Shrewsbury was closed as a result of the accident.[21]

The two trains were separated on 24 October and taken to Machynlleth by rail the next day.[22] The A470 reopened to traffic on 25 October.[23] As a result of the accident, plans to close the A470 between 31 October and Christmas were postponed, with the work rescheduled to take place early in 2025.[24] As a direct result of the accident, Transport for Wales cancelled four services on the Cambrian Line until further notice. Other services were reduced from four carriages to two. Angel Trains, owner of the units involved in the accident, were unable to decide whether or not to repair the trains, as they were likely to be quarantined by the Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) for several months. The units are due to be replaced by Class 197 trains in 2026, meaning that repairs may not be justified.[25]

The inquest into the death of the passenger opened on 30 October. It was stated that the cause of death had not yet been identified. The inquest was adjourned.[23]

Investigation

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Aerial view of the accident site – train 1S71 is shown on the left of picture and train 1J25 on the right

A team of RAIB inspectors was despatched to the accident site.[26] A formal investigation into the accident was opened on 22 October.[27] The RAIB's initial inspection of the track found evidence of low wheel/rail adhesion, and they stated that the possibility the train may have suffered wheel slide while braking would be investigated.[12] Investigators completed their on-site investigations by 25 October,[22] at which point the re-opening of the line on 28 October was announced.[22] BTP also opened an investigation into the accident.[23]

The preliminary RAIB report indicated that the Aberystwyth-bound train failed to stop after application of both the regular service brakes and then the emergency brakes.[11] The train's sanders, which help increase adhesion when braking, may not have been working, as the investigation had showed that the leading vehicle sanding hoses of 158841 were "blocked and apparently unable to discharge sand".[11][28] A Rail Head Treatment Train had visited the line four times in the previous five days, including the night before the accident.[29]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Development & Implementation of ETCS". www.networkrailconsulting.com. Archived from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
  2. ^ "National network map". Transport for Wales. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  3. ^ Stubbings, David (13 November 2024). "Cambrian crash: sanding hoses blocked on TfW '158'". Rail. No. 1022. Peterborough: Bauer Consumer Media Ltd. pp. 10–11.
  4. ^ Kidner, Roger W. (1992) [1954]. The Cambrian Railways. The Oakwood Library of Railway History (2nd ed.). Headington: Oakwood Press. pp. 104, 113. ISBN 0-85361-439-3. OL55.
  5. ^ BR Main Line Gradient Profiles: The Age of Steam. Hersham: Ian Allan. January 2003 [1966]. Figure M45. ISBN 0-7110-0875-2. 0301/A.
  6. ^ Kidner 1992, pp. 165, 167
  7. ^ Tonks, Phoebe (22 October 2024). "Man dead as Powys train crash claims life of one victim and 15 more injured". Wales Online. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  8. ^ a b Stubbings, David (22 October 2024). "Man dies and 15 people injured after mid Wales train crash involving two Transport for Wales services". Rail. Bauer Consumer Media. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  9. ^ "Regional Passenger Trains - Class 158". London: Angel Trains. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
  10. ^ a b c Milner, Chris (November 2024). "Passenger dies in Talerddig head-on collision". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 170, no. 1484. Horncastle: Mortons Media Ltd. p. 31. ISSN 0033-8923.
  11. ^ a b c d e "Collision between passenger trains near Talerddig". RAIB. 5 November 2024. Archived from the original on 5 November 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  12. ^ a b c RAIB (22 October 2024). "Collision of two passenger trains at Talerddig, Powys, Wales". GOV.UK. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  13. ^ Bryan, Nicola (25 October 2024). "On board the 18:31 to Aberystwyth as it smashed into another train". BBC News. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  14. ^ a b c Davies, Dylan (21 October 2024). "One dead, 15 injured following two-train collision on Cambrian Line". Cambrian Times. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  15. ^ a b Duggan, Craig; Matthews, Antonia (21 October 2024). "Man dies, 15 injured, after two trains collide". BBC News Online. Archived from the original on 12 November 2024. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  16. ^ "Statement on rail incident - Llanbrynmair". British Transport Police. 22 October 2024. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  17. ^ Stubbings, David (22 October 2024). "Mid-Wales train crash: Poor rail adhesion found on track approaching site of head-on collision". Rail. Bauer Consumer Media Ltd. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  18. ^ Buckland, Charlie (24 October 2024). "Family of man who died in train crash thank well-wishers". BBC News Online. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  19. ^ "Transport for Wales Class 158s". Rail. No. 1021. Peterborough: Bauer Media Ltd. 30 October 2024. p. 9.
  20. ^ Leston, Ryan (22 October 2024). "How common are train crashes in Wales?". BBC News. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  21. ^ Network Rail [@NetworkRailWAL] (22 October 2024). "An update from Network Rail and Transport for Wales following the incident near Llanbrynmair in Powys, Mid Wales, on Monday evening" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  22. ^ a b c Stubbings, David (25 October 2024). "Reopening date for Cambrian Line announced as trains involved in collision are removed". Rail. Bauer Consumer Media Ltd. Archived from the original on 9 November 2024. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  23. ^ a b c "Cause of train crash death not yet identified". BBC News online. 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  24. ^ Bevan, Nathan (25 October 2024). "Roadworks delayed after fatal Powys train crash". BBC News Online. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  25. ^ "TfW forced to cut back services owing to rolling stock shortage". Rail. No. 1022. Peterborough: Bauer Consumer Media Ltd. 13 November 2024. p. 10.
  26. ^ Rail Accident Investigation Branch [@raibgovuk] (22 October 2024). "RAIB deployed a team last night to the site of the collision between two passenger trains at Tallerddig #Powys Our inspectors remain on site today and are working to gather evidence" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  27. ^ Rail Accident Investigation Branch [@raibgovuk] (22 October 2024). "We have launched an investigation into the collision of two passenger trains at Tallerddig #Powys yesterday. Last night we deployed a team of inspectors to the accident site. They remain on site and are working to gather evidence to understand what caused this tragic accident" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  28. ^ Topham, Gwyn (5 November 2024). "Train safety system failed in moments before fatal crash in Wales, investigation shows". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  29. ^ Haig, Phil (30 October 2024). "RAIB suggests low adhesion factor in Talerddig crash". Rail. No. 1021. Peterborough: Bauer Media Ltd. pp. 6–7.
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