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2024 European Parliament election in Romania

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2024 European Parliament election in Romania
← 2019 9 June 2024 2029 →
All 33 Romanian seats in the European Parliament
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Mihai Tudose Cristian Terheș Dan Barna
Party PSD–PNL AUR Alliance ADU
Alliance S&D–EPP ECR RE
Last election 19 seats, 49.50% –[a] 10 seats, 28.12%
Seats won 19 6 3
Seat change Steady New Decrease 7
Popular vote 4,284,516 1,299,364 736,551
Percentage 48.55% 14.93% 8.71%
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Iuliu Winkler Diana Șoșoacă Nicu Ștefănuță
Party UDMR SOS RO Independent[b]
Alliance EPP NI Greens/EFA
Last election 2 seats, 5.26% – –
Seats won 2 2 1
Seat change Steady New New
Popular vote 577,233 445,951 269,448
Percentage 6.48% 5.03% 3.05%

The 2024 European Parliament election in Romanian was held on 9 June 2024.[1] This was the fifth European Parliament election to be held in Romania since the country's accession to the European Union in 2007 and the first since Brexit.

Voting procedure

[edit]

The 33 Romanian MEPs[c] are elected by direct universal suffrage by all EU citizens registered on the electoral rolls and over 18 years of age. The ballot is held in a single electoral district on the basis of proportional representation, which means that the number of MPs elected from each political party depends on the number of votes obtained by the party. Romania uses a closed list system, which does not allow changing the order number of the candidates on the list. Seats in the European Parliament are allocated to parties that obtain at least 5% of the votes validly cast by the D'Hondt method.

Background

[edit]

National Coalition for Romania

[edit]

In the last European parliamentary elections, in 2019, PSD obtained 9 mandates. It was the weakest electoral result recorded by the PSD in its entire European Parliament electoral history, largely based on the soft eurosceptic and nationalist rhetoric[2] that the party adopted during the leadership of Liviu Dragnea, the constant, brutal weakening of the rule of law, and the encouragement of corruption.

There followed a period when the party changed 2 presidents within a few months: Liviu Dragnea (27 May 2019)[3][4] and Viorica Dăncilă (November 2019). In November 2019, Marcel Ciolacu took over as ad interim/acting president of the PSD and was later fully elected in 2020 at a party congress.[5] Throughout Marcel Ciolacu's presidency, PSD tried to distance itself from the eurosceptic and nationalist rhetoric and 'wash' its image as a party endorsing corruption at high political level. From 2021, the PSD has been one of the two main governing parties alongside the National Liberal Party (PNL) within the National Coalition for Romania (CNR).[6][7]

The National Liberal Party (PNL) ranked first in the last European parliamentary elections, obtaining 10 mandates. The speeches of PNL leaders and candidates oscillated during the campaign between a focus on European policy topics and an emphasis on domestic politics and disputes with the governing coalition. Among the electoral promises were: raising the MCV, Romania's accession to the Schengen Area and the eurozone, improving the rule of law and investments by accessing European funds.

After the 2020 parliamentary elections, the PNL entered the government together with the USR PLUS and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ),[8] a coalition that lasted until September 2021.[9] Throughout 2021, tensions have increased within the National Liberal Party (PNL), with the then party's president Ludovic Orban being challenged by high-ranking politicians within the party. At the September 2021 party congress, former Romanian controversial Prime Minister Florin Cîțu won the party presidency over Ludovic Orban.[10] However, Cîțu did not remain the party's president for too long, as in April 2022, at an extraordinary party congress with only one candidate, former Prime Minister Nicolae Ciucă became the new president of the party (and is still its current leader).[11] Following the loss of the party presidency by former longtime president Ludovic Orban and the political crisis of 2021, a new splinter party from the PNL, Force of the Right (FD), was founded by former Prime Minister Ludovic Orban.[12]

Save Romania Union (USR)

[edit]

Save Romania Union (USR) participated in the 2019 elections as part of the 2020 USR PLUS Alliance,[13] an alliance between the parties USR and Freedom, Unity and Solidarity Party (PLUS), which later merged together as Save Romania Union (USR), previously obtaining 8 MEP mandates. It was the best electoral result recorded by the USR since its establishment in 2016. The 2019 electoral campaign focused in particular on a pro-European platform, and, among the most notable electoral offers were the following: protecting the rights of Romanians in the European Union (EU), Romania's accession to the Schengen Area, positive changes in education, agriculture and infrastructure as well as taking measures to increase social welfare and the overall economic situation of the country. Also, in the rallies held during the election campaign, the message of the USR PLUS Alliance emphasized the fight against a corrupt and authoritarian government power.

In 2020, USR PLUS entered government alongside the National Liberal Party (PNL) and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ). In 2021, USR and PLUS officially merged, with only the Save Romania Union (USR) name being retained by both parties as part of the fusion protocol.[14] In September 2021, the forced exit of the USR from the government by the PNL and incumbent President Klaus Iohannis triggered a political crisis which ended by the subsequent entry of the PSD into government alongside PNL and UDMR/RMDSZ. In October 2021, the USR congress elected former Prime Minister Dacian Cioloș as president of the party,[15] but the latter did not hold the position for a long time, as in February 2022 he resigned from this leading position within the party.[16] Later on, Cătălin Drulă was elected party president and is the current party leader.[17]

In January 2023, USR MEP Nicolae Ștefănuță announced his departure from the party and his affiliation with the Greens–European Free Alliance as an independent.[18]

In the late of 2023, the leaders of USR, People's Movement Party (PMP) and Force of the Right (FD) announced their intention to form a center-right alliance to compete together in the 2024 European Parliament elections.[19][20] On December 18, 2023, USR, PMP and FD officially launched United Right Alliance, going to run on a joint list for European Parliament elections.[21]

Renewing Romania's European Project (REPER)

[edit]

In May 2022, Dacian Cioloș together with 4 other MEPs previously elected on the USR PLUS' list announced the launch of a new political party, namely REPER, with MEPs Dragoș Pîslaru, Ramona Strugariu, Alin Mituța, and Dragoș Tudorache leaving the USR and joining REPER in the meantime.[22]

Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR)

[edit]

The Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) is a political party that was founded by the independent 2019 MEP candidate George Simion in December 2019. The unexpected entry of the AUR into the Romanian Parliament after the 2020 elections resulted in the emergence over time in the press of articles labelling AUR as a right-wing extremist party with an ultra-nationalist,[23][24] eurosceptic,[25] neo-legionary,[26][27][28] chauvinist and populist[29] rhetoric. From 2021, AUR plans to affiliate with the European Parliament group of European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR).[30]

AER for Romania Alliance (Greens and Ecologists)

[edit]

On 9 December 2023, leaders of Green Party (Verzii) and Ecologist Party of Romania (PER) announced a new political alliance on political scene for 2024 European Parliament elections, AER for Romania Alliance Greens and Ecologists.[31]

Social Liberal Humanist Party (PUSL)

[edit]

On 17 March 2024, Sector 5 mayor Cristian Popescu Piedone announced that the he will be first on the party's list for the European Parliament Elections.[32]

The Romanian delegation to the European Parliament before the 2024 elections

[edit]
European Parliament group Mandates National party Mandates Notes
European People's Party Group
14 / 33
 National Liberal Party (PNL)
10 / 33
 [d]
People's Movement Party (PMP)
2 / 33
 [e]
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ)
2 / 33
 [f]
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
10 / 33
 Social Democratic Party (PSD)
8 / 33
 [g]
PRO Romania (PRO)
1 / 33
 [h]
Social Liberal Humanist Party (PUSL)
1 / 33
 [i]
Renew Europe
7 / 33
 Save Romania Union (USR)
1 / 33
 [j]
Renewing Romania's European Project (REPER)
5 / 33
 [k]
Independent
1 / 33
 [l]
European Conservatives and Reformists
1 / 33
 Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party (PNȚCD)
1 / 33
 [m]
Greens–European Free Alliance
1 / 33
 Independent
1 / 33
 [n]
Source: European Parliament

The Expected Romanian delegation to the European Parliament after the 2024 elections (partial results)

[edit]
European Parliament group Mandates National party Mandates Notes
European People's Party Group
10 / 33
 National Liberal Party (PNL)
8 / 33
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ)
2 / 33
 [o]
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
11 / 33
 Social Democratic Party (PSD)
10 / 33
 [p]
Social Liberal Humanist Party (PUSL)
1 / 33
 [q]
Renew Europe
3 / 33
 Save Romania Union (USR)
2 / 33
 [r]
People's Movement Party (PMP)
1 / 33
 [s]
European Conservatives and Reformists
6 / 33
 Romanian National Conservative Party (PNCR)
1 / 33
 [t]
Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR)
5 / 33
Non-Inscrits
2 / 33
 S.O.S. Romania
2 / 33
 [u]
Greens–European Free Alliance
1 / 33
 Independent
1 / 33
 [v]
Source: [1]

Opinion polling

[edit]
See also: Opinion polling for the 2024 European Parliament election
Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size 		CNR PUSL
S&D 		AUR+ ADU PRO
S&D 		UDMR
EPP 		AER AD
ECR 		S.O.S.
NI 		REPER
Renew 		Others Lead
PNL
EPP 		PSD
S&D 		PNȚCD
ECR 		AUR
ECR 		FD
EPP 		PMP
EPP 		USR
Renew 		PER
NI 		PV
G/EFA
INSCOP 20 - 25 May 2024 1,100 43.7 1.3 17.5 14.1 — 6.0 — — — 4.4 1.3 11.7[33] 26.2
Sociopol 17–22 May 2024 1,002 47 2 — 21 15 — 5 — — 0 2 4 4[w] 24
CSPS 7–15 May 2024 2,613 27 — — 34 25 — 7 — — — 3 4 3 7
INSCOP 12–20 April 2024 1,100 46.6 1.5 — 16.7 13.8 2.7 5.1 2.4 2.0 — 4.5 1.8 2.8 29.9
CSPS 1-7 April 2024 4,085 27.2 — — 30.2 23.4 — 4.8 — — — 2.8 5.8 5.7 3
Sociopol 26 March-2 April 2024 1,002 47 5 — 23 14 1 4 2 — — 3 0 1 24
CURS 19-28 March 2024 1,067 53 4 — 14 14 — 5 — — — 5 — 5 39
CSPS 17-29 March 2024 2,088 37 — — 27 21 — 4 — — — — — 11 10
Euractiv March 2024 — 42 — — 25 14 2 5 — — — 5 1 6 17
Ipsos 23 Feb–5 Mar 2024 970 42.4 3.0 — 20.7 14.2 5.1 3.4 — — — 5.9 — 5.2 21.7
INSCOP 22-29 Feb 2024 1,100 43.7 — — 20.6 13.7 3.7 3.9 3.4 — 6.4 0.9 3.7 23.1
Sociopol Feb 2024 – 42 1 — 28 15 2 5 2 — 0 3 1 1[x] 14
17 31 1 — 24 13 2 5 2 — 0 3 1 1[y] 14
INSOMAR Feb 2024 1,030 40.8 1.5 — 30.5 11.5 1.7 4.5 — — — 2 — 7.5[z] 10.3
Avangarde 19–20 Feb 2024 950 20 31 — — 18 15 — 5 — — — 8 2 1 11
CURS 3–14 Feb 2024 1,067 20 31 2 — 20 13 2 4 — — — 4 — 4[aa] 11
60m.ro 20 Jan 2024 927 16 28 — — 30 17 — 5 — — — 4 — — 2
INSCOP 16-24 Jan 2024 1,100 18.8 29.5 — — 18.4 12.9 3.0 4.8 3.5 — 6.5 0.5 2 10.7
CURS 15–27 Jan 2024 1,082 19 30 3 — 21 14 — 5 — — — 4 — 4 9
Avangarde 8-22 Jan 2024 1,150 21 31 — — 19 14 — 5 — — — 8 1 1 10
INSOMAR Jan 2024 1,050 21 25 — — 22 — 2 9 1 3 — — — 3 — 9[ab] 3
Sociopol Jan 2024 – 17 29 1 0 23 13 2 5 2 — 1 3 1 1[ac] 6
CIRA Jan 2024 1,000 20 30 — — 18 2 2 14 — 5 — — — 6 2 1 10
CURS 26–30 Dec 2023 852 19 31 4 — 19 1 4 9 2 4 — — — 5 — 2 12
Mercury Research 30 Oct–6 Nov 2023 1,227 16 26 0 — 19 22 — 3 — — — 7 1 5 4
16 28 1 — 19 2 4 15 — 3 — — — 7 1 3 9
Avangarde 20–28 Sep 2023 994 21 31 — — 19 1 3 13 1 5 — — — 5 — 1 10
LARICS 11–25 Sep 2023 1,003 22.9 31.5 1.0 — 14.6 — 4.4 15.2 — 3.2 — — — 4.7 — 2.4 8.6
INSOMAR 28–31 Aug 2023 1,030 15 25 2 — 27 3 3 7 — 4 — — — 4 — 10 2
2020 parliamentary election 6 Dec 2020 6.058.625 25.2 28.9 1.0 — 9.1 — 4.9 15.4 4.1 5.7 1.3 0.4 0.0 — — 4.1 3.7
2019 election 26 May 2019 9.069.822 27.0 22.5 — — 5.8 22.4 6.4 5.3 — — — — — 6.6 4.5

Regional polls

[edit]

Bucharest

[edit]
Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size 		PNL
EPP 		PSD
S&D 		PUSL
S&D 		ADU PLUS
Renew 		PRO
S&D 		UDMR
EPP 		AUR
ECR 		S.O.S.
ID 		REPER
Renew 		Others Lead
FD
EPP 		PMP
EPP 		USR
Renew
AtlasIntel 1-5 Jun 2024 2.873 7.6 24.2 — 39.3 — — — 12.1 4.7 4.4 15.1
Ipsos 1 Nov-18 Dec 2023 5.400 15.5 39.5 — 1.8 2.3 22.4 — — 0.7 11.7 2.7 1.4 1.9 17.1
2019 election 26 May 2019 943.118 15.48 16.38 — 7.99 39.89 6.75 0.36 — — — 13.15 23.51

Announced candidates

[edit]

Save Romania Union (USR) and the Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) were the first political parties that announced their official candidates for the European Parliament so far.[34]On December 18, 2023, Save Romania Union officially announced formation of United Right Alliance with Force of the Right (FD) and People's Movement Party (PMP). These three parties ran on a joint list for European Parliament elections.[citation needed]

United Right Alliance (USR-PMP-FD)

[edit]
  1. Dan Barna
  2. Vlad Voiculescu
  3. Eugen Tomac
  4. Vlad Botoș
  5. Cristina-Mădălina Prună [ro]
  6. Violeta Alexandru
  7. Radu Mihail
  8. Corina Atanasiu
  9. Adriana Cristian
  10. George Gima
  11. Teodora Stoian
  12. Ramona Goga
  13. Alina Gîrbea
  14. Geta Daniela Drăghici
  15. Alina Totti
  16. Nicolae Mihai Șvab
  17. Emilia Mateescu
  18. Ion Belu
  19. Gabriela Ferguson
  20. Lucia Hang
  21. Dan Adrian Pop
  22. Lucian Judele
  23. Raluca Bercea
  24. Ciprian Alexandru
  25. Andrei Chirica
  26. Răzvan Socolov
  27. Adrian Giurgiu
  28. Sergiu Grui
  29. Daniela Șarpe
  30. Aurel Fierăscu
  31. Alina Bălășcău
  32. Alex Cozma
  33. Silviu Andrei
  34. Maria Udrescu
  35. Mihai Zvîncă
  36. Laurențiu Gheorghe
  37. Liana Ursa
  38. Florin Drăgulin
  39. Ion-Marian Lazăr
  40. Robert Voicu
  41. Alexandru German
  42. Irena Pleșoiu
  43. Eusebiu Iftode
  44. Ioan Bledea[35]

Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR)

[edit]
  1. Cristian Terheș
  2. Mugur Mihăescu
  3. Monica Iagăr
  4. Dan Tanasă
  5. Claudiu Târziu
  6. Gheorghe Piperea
  7. Felicia Akkaya
  9. Adrian Axinia
  10. Radu Baltasiu
  11. Răzvan Biro
  12. Ramona-Ioana Bruynseels
  13. Paul Costea
  14. Peter Costea
  15. Ringo Dămureanu
  16. Cristina-Emanuela Dascălu
  17. Dragoș Dragoman
  18. Elena Doboș
  19. Cristina Dumitrescu
  20. Mihai Enache
  21. Raisa Enachi
  22. Avram Fițiu
  23. Tiberiu Floriș
  24. Laura Gherasim
  25. Veronica Grosu
  26. Silviu Gurlui
  27. Ramona-Paula Hotea
  28. Mirela Irindea
  29. Marius Lulea
  30. Nicuşor-Cristian Mancaş
  31. Dumitrina Mitrea
  32. Elena-Viorica Năstăsoiu
  33. Liviu Natea
  34. Maria-Lăcrămioara Nicolescu
  35. Vlad Olteanu
  36. Luminiţa Fernandes
  37. Simona-Maria Petcu
  38. Ioan-Aurelian Popa
  39. Mihai Silviu Popa
  40. Șerban-Dimitrie Sturdza
  41. Maria-Georgiana Teodorescu
  42. Aurora Ursu
  43. Selena Vîlcu
  44. Nicolae Vlahu[36]

National Coalition for Romania (PSD-PNL)

[edit]
  1. Mihai Tudose
  2. Rareș Bogdan
  3. Gabriela Firea
  4. Dan Motreanu
  5. Claudiu Manda
  6. Adina Vălean
  7. Victor Negrescu
  8. Daniel Buda
  9. Vasile Dîncu
  10. Maria Grapini
  11. Siegfried Mureșan
  12. Dragoș Benea
  13. Mircea Hava
  14. Gheorghe Cârciu
  15. Gheorghe Falcă
  16. Virgil Popescu
  17. Dan Nica
  18. Alexandru Muraru
  19. Mara Mareș[37]

Renewing Romania's European Project (REPER)

[edit]
  1. Dacian Cioloș
  2. Ramona Strugariu
  3. Dragoș Pîslaru
  4. Oana Cambera
  5. Andrei Lupu
  6. Andreea Leonte
  7. Cristian Presură [ro]
  8. Simina Tulbure
  9. Ciprian Mihali [d]
  10. Ana Maria Boghean[38]

Social Liberal Humanist Party (PUSL)

[edit]
  1. Cristian Barbu
  2. Lia Ardelean
  3. Mugur Ciuvică[39]

Results

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
PSD–PNL Alliance4,341,68648.5519–
AUR Alliance1,334,90514.936New
United Right Alliance778,9018.713–
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania579,1806.482–
S.O.S. Romania450,0405.032New
Renewing Romania's European Project334,7033.740New
United Diaspora Party159,9431.790New
Social Liberal Humanist Party132,4021.480New
Patriots Party65,4400.730New
Greater Romania Party59,2720.660–
The Right Alternative40,2810.450New
Socialist Romania Alliance (PSR–PSDM)37,1190.420–
Independents628,7547.031–
Total8,942,626100.0033+1
Valid votes8,942,62694.82
Invalid/blank votes488,5515.18
Total votes9,431,177100.00
Registered voters/turnout18,025,32952.32
Source: BEC

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ AUR leader George Simion ran as an independent candidate and received 1.29% of the votes, failing to gain a seat
  2. ^ He was previously affiliated with the Democratic-Liberal Party, and then Save Romania Union
  3. ^ After the official exit of UK from the European Union, the Romanian delegation in the European Parliament increased by one member, now having 33 MEPs.
  4. ^ Vasile Blaga, Rareș Bogdan, Daniel Buda, Siegfried Mureșan, Cristian Bușoi, Gheorghe Falcă, Mircea Hava, Marian-Jean Marinescu, Dan Motreanu, Vlad Nistor
  5. ^ Traian Băsescu, Eugen Tomac
  6. ^ Lóránt Vincze, Iuliu Winkler
  7. ^ Rovana Plumb, Carmen Avram, Dragoș Benea, Tudor Ciuhodaru, Claudiu Manda, Victor Negrescu, Dan Nica, Mihai Tudose
  8. ^ Corina Crețu
  9. ^ Maria Grapini
  10. ^ Vlad Botoș
  11. ^ Dacian Cioloș, Alin Mituța, Dragoș Pîslaru, Ramona Strugariu, Dragoș Tudorache
  12. ^ Vlad Gheorghe
  13. ^ Cristian Terheș
  14. ^ Nicolae Ștefănuță
  15. ^ Lóránt Vincze, Iuliu Winkler
  16. ^ Mihai Tudose, Gabriela Firea, Claudiu Manda, Victor Negrescu, Vasile Dîncu, Gheorghe Cârciu, Dragoș Benea, Dan Nica, Ștefan Mușoiu, Roxana Mînzatu
  17. ^ Maria Grapini
  18. ^ Dan Barna, Vlad Voiculescu
  19. ^ Eugen Tomac
  20. ^ Cristian Terheș
  21. ^ Diana Iovanovici Șoșoacă, Luis Lazarus
  22. ^ Nicolae Ștefănuță
  23. ^ Independents 4%, Greater Romania Party 0%, Socialist Romania 0%, Patriotic Party 0%, United Diaspora Party 0%
  24. ^ Independents 1%, Sovereign Romania Party 0%
  25. ^ Independents 1%, Sovereign Romania Party 0%
  26. ^ Romanian Sovereigntist Bloc (NI): 4.2%
  27. ^ Party of the Patriots: 2%
  28. ^ Romanian Sovereigntist Bloc (NI): 3%
  29. ^ Independents 2%, ALDE 0%, Sovereign Romania Party 0%

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Alegeri europarlamentare în România pe 9 iunie 2024" (in Romanian). CursDeGuvernare.ro. 17 May 2023. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
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  3. ^ "Romania's Liviu Dragnea sentenced to jail for corruption". ft.com. 27 May 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
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  5. ^ "Marcel Ciolacu, un președinte PSD cu o misiune imposibilă" (in Romanian). dw.com. 24 August 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
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  9. ^ "Miniștrii USR-PLUS au demisionat în bloc" (in Romanian). dw.com. 6 September 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  10. ^ "PNL și-a ales unicul conducător / Cronologia unui congres încheiat cu demisii" (in Romanian). europalibera.org. 25 September 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  11. ^ Valică, Carmen (10 April 2022). "Nicolae Ciucă, unic candidat, a fost "ales" președinte al PNL". Europa Liberă România (in Romanian). europalibera.org. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
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  14. ^ "USR și PLUS au fuzionat. Decizia Curții de Apel București, definitivă. Noul partid se pregătește de Congres" (in Romanian). digi24.ro. 16 April 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
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  22. ^ "Partidul REPER al lui Dacian Ciolos există oficial" (in Romanian). rfi.ro. 3 August 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  23. ^ "Romanian nationalist party AUR attracts 15,000 new virtual members". Romania-insider.com. 9 December 2020.
  24. ^ ""Surpriza" AUR, partidul cu mesaj anti-maghiar, anti-occidental, unionist și anti-mască. Cine sunt liderii partidului: George Simion, Claudiu Târziu și Dan Tănasă". G4 Media (in Romanian). 7 December 2020. Archived from the original on 8 December 2020.
  25. ^ "Elections 2020: A small victory for the right, but Romania won't deviate from its Western path". Middle East Institute. 10 December 2020. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  26. ^ "AUR și Mișcarea Legionară. Cât de valabilă este comparația între cele două partide.html". G4 Media (in Romanian). 21 December 2020.
  27. ^ "Istoricul Madalin Hodor: "AUR este un amestec de filoane" (Ziare.com) - 10.12.2020" (in Romanian). Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
  28. ^ "SpotMedia: Cum a crescut AUR în Frății ortodoxe". spotmedia.ro. 12 November 2020.
  29. ^ "Romanian opposition takes narrow lead after election". BBC News. 7 December 2020. Archived from the original on 8 December 2020.
  30. ^ "AUR și-a început emanciparea internațională" (in Romanian). dw.com. 28 January 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  31. ^ "Alegeri 2024. O nouă alianță pe scena politică din România înaintea unui an electoral important. Partidul Ecologist Român a semnat un protocol cu Partidul Verde. Florin Secară: AER pentru România își dorește să promoveze tinerii și un mod de viață curat" (in Romanian). economica.net. 9 December 2023. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  32. ^ https://adevarul.ro/politica/piedone-deschide-lista-pusl-la-europarlamentare-2347966.html
  33. ^ PDU 2,8% PRM 1,9% Indep. Vlad Gheorghe 1,9% Indep. Nicolae Bogdănel Ștefănuță 1,9% Indep. Șoșoacă 1,5% Indep. Paula Pârvănescu 1,0% alții 2,6%
  34. ^ "Opoziția fură startul în cursa pentru europarlamentare. AUR și USR sunt primele partide mari care și-au prezentat candidații" (in Romanian). euronews.ro. 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  35. ^ "Listă Candidați pentru Parlamentul European" (in Romanian). usr.ro. 23 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  36. ^ "Alegeri europarlamentare 2024. Lista AUR" (in Romanian). dcnews.ro. 22 July 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  37. ^ https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-politic-26992885-psd-pnl-validat-lista-finala-candidatii-europarlamentare.htm
  38. ^ https://partidulreper.ro/semneaza/
  39. ^ https://www.aktual24.ro/partidul-lui-dan-voiculescu-are-un-general-pe-primul-loc-la-europarlamentare-ciuvica-e-pe-locul-trei/#goog_rewarded
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