List of European Parliament by-elections in the United Kingdom
By-elections to the European Parliament in the United Kingdom were held during the period when the United Kingdom used single-member, first-past-the-post constituencies to elect Members of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1999: they were required when a member resigned, died or was disqualified. Six by-elections were held in this period, all retained by the holding party.
The European Parliamentary Elections Act 1999 established a new system of multi-member constituencies elected by a closed party list system based on the regions of England, plus Scotland and Wales. The single transferable vote system was retained in Northern Ireland. Because of the new system, retiring MEPs would be replaced by a different person from the list, so no further by-elections were held.
Summary
[edit]| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause | Retained at next election | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| London South West[1] | 20 September 1979 | Shelagh Roberts | Conservative | Shelagh Roberts | Conservative | Disqualification | Yes | ||
| Midlands West[2] | 5 March 1987 | Terry Pitt | Labour | John Bird | Labour | Death | Yes | ||
| Hampshire Central[3] | 15 December 1988 | Basil de Ferranti | Conservative | Edward Kellett-Bowman | Conservative | Death | Yes | ||
| Merseyside West[2] | 12 December 1996 | Kenneth Stewart | Labour | Richard Corbett | Labour | Death | N/A (MEP re-elected at next election under a party-list system) | ||
| Yorkshire South[2] | 7 May 1998 | Norman West | Labour | Linda McAvan | Labour | Resignation | N/A (MEP re-elected at next election under a party-list system) | ||
| North East Scotland[4][5] | 26 November 1998 | Allan Macartney | SNP | Ian Hudghton | SNP | Death | N/A (MEP re-elected at next election under a party-list system) | ||
By-elections
[edit]London South West
[edit]The London South West by-election took place on 20 September 1979, a few months after the 1979 election. The elected MEP, Shelagh Roberts, was disqualified for holding an office of profit under the Crown.[6] Roberts ran again and won, but with a significant swing against her.[7]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative | Shelagh Roberts | 41,096 | 41.2 | −10.8 | |
| Labour | Tony Hart | 32,632 | 32.7 | +0.5 | |
| Liberal | Christopher Mayhew | 23,842 | 23.9 | +10.7 | |
| ACMFT | W. O. Smedley | 1,830 | 1.9 | ||
| Independent | D. Hussey | 305 | 0.3 | ||
| Majority | 8,464 | 8.5 | −11.3 | ||
| Turnout | 99,705 | 19.4 | −11.8 | ||
| Conservative hold | Swing | −5.7 | |||
Midlands West
[edit]The Midlands West by-election took place on 5 March 1987. It was caused by the death of Terry Pitt, the sitting MEP. The seat was retained by Labour, with a much reduced majority.[7]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour | John Bird | 59,761 | 39.2 | −11.5 | |
| Conservative | Michael Whitby | 55,736 | 36.5 | −0.7 | |
| Liberal | Christopher Carter | 37,106 | 24.3 | +12.2 | |
| Majority | 4,025 | 2.6 | −10.8 | ||
| Turnout | 152,603 | 28.2 | +1.2 | ||
| Labour hold | Swing | -5.4 | |||
Hampshire Central
[edit]The Hampshire Central by-election took place on 15 December 1988. It was caused by the death of Basil de Ferranti, the sitting MEP. The seat was held by the Conservatives with a large majority.[7]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative | Edward Kellet-Bowman | 38,039 | 49.0 | −2.8 | |
| Labour | John Arnold | 16,597 | 21.4 | −2.6 | |
| SLD | David Chidgey | 13,392 | 17.3 | −6.9 | |
| SDP | Martin Attlee | 5,952 | 7.7 | ||
| Green | Sally Penton | 3,603 | 4.6 | ||
| Majority | 21,442 | 27.6 | −0.2 | ||
| Turnout | 77,583 | 14.1 | −15.4 | ||
| Conservative hold | Swing | -0.1 | |||
Merseyside West
[edit]The Merseyside West by-election took place on 12 December 1996. It was caused by the death of Kenneth Stewart, the sitting MEP. The seat was held by Labour with a reduced large majority.[7]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour | Richard Corbett | 31,484 | 53.8 | −4.6 | |
| Conservative | Jeremy Myers | 12,780 | 21.8 | +1.8 | |
| Liberal Democrats | Kiron Reid | 8,829 | 15.1 | +1.0 | |
| Liberal | Stephen Radford | 4,050 | 6.9 | ||
| National Democrats | Simon Darby | 718 | 1.2 | ||
| Natural Law | John Collins | 680 | 1.2 | ||
| Majority | 18,704 | 32.0 | −2.8 | ||
| Turnout | 58,541 | 11.3 | |||
| Labour hold | Swing | -3.2 | |||
Yorkshire South
[edit]The Yorkshire South by-election took place on 7 May 1998. It was caused by the retirement of Norman West, the incumbent MEP for 14 years. The seat was held by Labour, but saw a large reduction in the majority.[7]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour | Linda McAvan | 62,275 | 52.2 | −20.5 | |
| Liberal Democrats | Diana Paulette-Wallis | 22,051 | 18.5 | +10.6 | |
| Conservative | Robert Goodwill | 21,085 | 17.7 | +3.9 | |
| UKIP | Peter Davies | 13,830 | 11.6 | +9.0 | |
| Majority | 40,224 | 33.7 | −31.1 | ||
| Turnout | 119,241 | 23.4 | |||
| Labour hold | Swing | 15.6 | |||
North East Scotland
[edit]The North East Scotland by-election took place on 26 November 1998. It was caused by the death of Allan Macartney, the sitting MEP. The seat was held by the SNP, with an increased majority.[7]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SNP | Ian Hudghton | 57,445 | 47.6 | +4.9 | |
| Conservative | Struan Stevenson | 23,744 | 19.7 | +1.1 | |
| Labour | Kathleen Walkershaw | 23,086 | 19.1 | −9.3 | |
| Liberal Democrats | Keith Raffan | 11,753 | 9.7 | +1.5 | |
| Scottish Socialist | Harvey Duke | 2,510 | 2.1 | ||
| Scottish Green | Robin Harper | 2,067 | 1.7 | +0.5 | |
| Majority | 33,701 | 27.9 | +3.8 | ||
| Turnout | 120,605 | 20.5 | |||
| SNP hold | Swing | +1.9 | |||
References
[edit]- ^ Boothroyd, David (11 April 2003). "United Kingdom European Parliamentary Election results 1979-99: London". Election Demon. Archived from the original on 11 April 2003. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
- ^ a b c United Kingdom Parliamentary Election results 1979-1999: England: Part 2
- ^ United Kingdom Parliamentary Election results 1979-1999: England: Part 1
- ^ Grice, Andrew (28 November 1998). "Politics: Euro Election: Woofie factor sees off Labour in Scots poll". The Independent. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
- ^ United Kingdom Parliamentary Election results 1979-1999: Scotland
- ^ "Dame Sheiagh Roberts." Times [London, England] 20 Jan. 1992: 14. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 31 May 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f Cracknell, Richard; Morgan, Bryn (2 June 1999). "European Parliament elections: 1979 to 1994". House of Commons Library. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
