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Detroit Financial District, c. 1922

Events from the year 1922 in Michigan.

Major events occurring during 1922 in Michigan included: a multi-day debate in the U.S. Senate over the seating of Michigan Senator Truman Newberry who stood accused of misconduct undermining his election to the Senate; the re-election of Alex J. Groesbeck as Governor of Michigan; the election of Woodbridge N. Ferris, the first Democrat to represent Michigan in the U.S. Senate in 70 years; the resignation of Sen. Newberry in November 1922 and his replacement with Detroit Mayor James J. Couzens; the 1922 Michigan Wolverines football team, led by All-Americans Harry Kipke, Bernard Kirk, and Paul G. Goebel, going through the season undefeated; and the December 1922 death of Michigan star Bernard Kirk due to injuries sustained in an automobile crash.

At the end of the year, the Detroit Free Press published a list of the principal events occurring in that city during 1922. The principal events included: laying of the cornerstone on the Detroit Masonic Temple; opening of the new Temple Beth El; the opening of the Capitol Theater (later renamed the Detroit Opera House); voters approval of the city's purchase of the Detroit United Railway; the Dodge Brothers' gift of 11 new parks to the state; the opening of bank offices at the First National Bank building; announcement of plans to construct a new Roman Catholic cathedral; the Detroit Tigers' third-place finish in the American League; the final run of the Detroit Fire Department's fire horses on April 10; the victory of Jesse G. Vincent's Packard Chris-Craft in the annual Gold Cup motorboat race; and the launching of the USS Detroit.[1]

Office holders

[edit]
Gov. Groesbeck

State office holders

[edit]

Mayors of major cities

[edit]
Mayor Couzens

Federal office holders

[edit]
Sen. Townsend

Population

[edit]

In the 1920 United States census, Michigan was recorded as having a population of 3,668,412, ranking as the seventh most populous state in the country. By 1930, Michigan's population had increased by 32.0% to 4,842,325.

Cities

[edit]

The following is a list of cities in Michigan with a population of at least 15,000 based on 1920 U.S. Census data. Historic census data from 1910 and 1930 is included to reflect trends in population increases or decreases.

1920
Rank 		City County 1910 Pop. 1920 Pop. 1930 Pop. Change 1920-30
1 Detroit Wayne 465,766 993,678 1,568,662 57.9%
2 Grand Rapids Kent 112,571 137,634 168,592 22.5%
3 Flint Genesee 38,550 91,599 156,492 70.8%
4 Saginaw Saginaw 50,510 61,903 80,715 30.4%
5 Lansing Ingham 31,229 57,327 78,397 36.8%
6 Hamtramck Wayne 3,559 48,615 56,268 15.7%
7 Kalamazoo Kalamazoo 39,437 48,487 54,786 13.0%
8 Jackson Jackson 31,433 48,374 55,187 14.1%
9 Bay City Bay 45,166 47,554 47,355 −0.4%
10 Highland Park Wayne 4,120 46,499 52,959 13.9%
11 Muskegon Muskegon 24,062 36,570 41,390 15.2%
12 Battle Creek Calhoun 25,267 36,164 45,573 26.0%
13 Pontiac Oakland 14,532 34,273 64,928 89.4%
14 Port Huron St. Clair 18,863 25,944 31,361 20.9%
15 Ann Arbor Washtenaw 14,817 19,516 26,944 38.1%
16 Ironwood Gogebic 12,821 15,739 14,299 −9.1%

[2]

Boom cities of the 1920s

[edit]

The 1920s saw an explosion of growth in the population of small cities near Detroit, with some communities growing more than three fold. Dearborn was the most extreme case, growing 20-fold from 2,470 to 50,358 persons.

1920
Rank 		City County 1910 Pop. 1920 Pop. 1930 Pop. Change 1920-30
Warren Macomb 2,346 6,780 24,024 254.3%
Royal Oak Oakland 1,071 6,007 22,904 281.3%
Ferndale Oakland -- 2,640 20,855 690.0%
Dearborn Wayne 911 2,470 50,358 1,938.8%

[2]

Counties

[edit]

The following is a list of counties in Michigan with populations of at least 40,000 based on 1920 U.S. Census data. Historic census data from 1910 and 1930 are included to reflect trends in population increases or decreases.

1920
Rank 		County Largest city 1910 Pop. 1920 Pop. 1930 Pop. Change 1920-30
1 Wayne Detroit 531,591 1,177,645 1,888,946 60.4%
2 Kent Grand Rapids 159,145 183,041 240,511 31.4%
3 Genesee Flint 64,555 125,668 211,641 68.4%
4 Saginaw Saginaw 89,290 100,286 120,717 20.4%
5 Oakland Pontiac 49,576 90,050 211,251 134.6%
6 Ingham Lansing 53,310 81,554 116,587 43.0%
7 Calhoun Battle Creek 56,638 72,918 87,043 19.4%
8 Houghton Houghton 88,098 71,930 52,851 -26.5%
9 Jackson Jackson 53,426 72,539 92,304 27.2%
10 Kalamazoo Kalamazoo 60,327 71,225 91,368 28.3%
11 Bay Bay City 68,238 69,548 69,474 -0.1%
12 Berrien Niles 53,622 62,653 81,066 29.4%
13 Muskegon Muskegon 40,577 62,362 84,630 35.7%
14 St. Clair Port Huron 52,341 58,009 67,563 16.5%
15 Washtenaw Ann Arbor 44,714 49,520 65,530 32.3%
16 Lenawee Adrian 47,907 47,767 49,849 4.4%
17 Ottawa Holland 45,301 47,660 54,858 15.1%
18 Marquette Marquette 46,739 45,786 44,076 −3.7%

[3]

Sports

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Baseball

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American football

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Basketball

[edit]

Chronology of events

[edit]

January

[edit]
Truman Newberry
  • January 6–12 - Members of the U.S. Senate debated for a week over the seating of Michigan Senator Truman Newberry.[11][12][13] Newberry was charged with misconduct undermining the integrity of his 1918 election victory over Henry Ford. See Newberry v. United States. The proceedings included a speech by Newberry emotionally denying all wrongdoing and cross-examination of Newberry by Democratic Senators.[14][15][16] On January 12, the Senate voted narrowly (46 to 41) to seat Newberry.[17]
  • January 7 - The 1922 lineup of automobiles, consisting of 400 models from 42 makers, went on display at the 22nd annual national automobile show in New York City. Prices of the new models ranged from $525 to $11,000.[18][19][20][21]
  • January 9 - Wayne County approved the expenditure of $3 million to lay 50 miles of concrete highway and to replace bridges.[22]
  • January 12 - Detroit's Capitol Theater, a movie palace on Broadway at Grand Circus Park, opened. A crowd of 4,500 attended on opening night. The film was accompanied by an orchestra of 35 musicians conducted by Eduard Werner.[23] The theater was later renamed the Detroit Opera House.
  • January 19 - A spokesman for the Dodge estate confirmed that Mrs. Horace Dodge was the owner of a pearl necklace that had belonged to Catherine the Great. The necklace was purchased by Horace Dodge for $825,000 shortly before his death in 1920.[24]
Will Durant
  • January 21 - The Detroit automobile show opened with the display of 300 new automobiles.[25][26][27][28]

February

[edit]
Graystone Ballroom
  • February 1 - Congressman Vincent M. Brennan of Detroit presented a proposal to the House Ways and Means Committee to legalize beer and light wines.[29] Brennan announced three month later that he would not seek reelection.[30]
  • February 4 - Henry Ford purchased the bankrupt Lincoln Motor Company for $8 million and announced that it would immediately reopen the plant.[31][32] The plant reopened two days later and received $1 million in orders, reflecting confidence in the company's new management.[33] Days later, a public dispute arose between Ford and Lincoln's receiver as to whether Ford had purchased only the physical plant or had also acquired the patents, copyright, trademark, and negotiable papers.[34]
  • February 15 - William C. Durant announced that his new company, Durant Motors, would be releasing a four-cylinder, five-passenger car at a price of $348.[35]
  • February 24 - Detroit police raided the Plaza Theater at 11631 E Jefferson Ave to stop the display of an "indecent" film to 1,500 men attending the showing arranged by a fraternal organization.[36]
  • February 27 - The Graystone Ballroom opened in Detroit at 4245 Woodward Avenue.[37] A fire broke out at the ballroom on May 11 when an overcharge of flash powder from a photographer's camera set decorations on fire. The fire caused a panic to the 1,400 persons in attendance, including Governor Groesbeck.[38]

March

[edit]
First National Bank Building
Henry Ford announces 40-hour work week
  • March-April 1933 - John Duval Dodge, 24-year-old son of automobile manufacturing pioneer John Francis Dodge, faced charges in Detroit and Kalamazoo of speeding, driving while intoxicated, and transporting and distributing liquor. He was found guilty on speeding and liquor charges but acquitted of driving while intoxicated. He also faced a civil suit for running over a child with his automobile. Dodge's legal proceedings remained on the front page of the state's newspapers for much of the months of March and April.[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]
  • March 9 - Unpersuaded by pleas from Detroit's jazz devotees and bobbed-hair flappers girls, Mayor James J. Couzens ordered the revocation of the Crystal Palace dance hall on grounds that it was a rendezvous site for improper women and that improper dancing was permitted. The mayor also ordered police "to increase its vigilance at certain other dance halls, where the more jazzy steps are permitted."[48][49] The following week, the Crystal Palace secured an injunction in court prohibiting molestation with the business.[50]
  • March 10 - After weeks of contentions negotiations, the Detroit United Railway agreed to sell its Detroit operations (including more than 300 miles of tracks and 1,157 cars) to the city for $19.85 million. A special election was set for April 17 to have the voters approve the transaction.[51][52][53]
  • March 11 - The 24-story, 300-foot-high First National Bank Building opened in Detroit. The Detroit Free Press called it a "lofty monument to faith in city."[54]
  • March 24 - The Ford company announced that it had adopted a 40-hour, five-day work week with pay remaining at $6 minimum per day ($5 for new workers). The company also stated that it would hire 3,000 new workers to meet demand in light of the reduced work week. Henry Ford explained the decision as follows: "Every man need more than one day a week for rest and recreation. The Ford company always has sought to promote ideal home life for its employees. We believe that in order to live properly every man should have more time to spend with his family, more time for self-improvement, more time for gardening, more time for building up the place we call home."[55]
  • March 25 - Four Boy Scouts, a scoutmaster, and three others drowned while trying out a new 14-foot steel boat in high winds at Magician's Lake near Dowagiac, Michigan.[56][57]
  • March 26 - The ferry, Omar D. Conger, sank in the Black River at Port Huron after an explosion. Four persons were killed and several persons maimed or injured.[58]
  • March 29 - A report from the Federal Reserve Board showed that Detroit's economic output was growing at a faster rate than any other city. The report showed the output of passenger cars up 32.1% from 81,474 in January to 107,626 in February. Output of trucks was up 40.9% from 8,832 to 12,444.[59]

April

[edit]
  • April 3 - Peter Jezewski, a druggist and leader in the Polish community, was elected as the first mayor of the newly-formed city of Hamtramck, Michigan. Due to concerns about potential improprieties, the election was overseen by 20 state troopers and 75 sheriff deputies.[61] Hamtramck had grown from a population of 3,559 persons in the 1910 Census to 48,615 persons in the 1920 Census. Two months later, Jezewski was sued for allegedly having an affair with Mrs. Joseph Wojcik while her husband was at work.[62]
  • April 5 - A report from the United States Employment Service showed that Detroit led all American cities in adding 11,439 jobs in the month of March.[63]
  • April 8 - Edward Fox, chief of detectives at the Detroit Police Department, was shot in the chest in the presence of his wife and child as four gunmen held up a Detroit meat market.[64][65] The four alleged assailants were named two weeks later.[66][67][68]
Ty Cobb led the 1922 Tigers with a .401 batting average.
  • April 10 - The town of Tower in northern Michigan experienced major damage and one death due to flooding of the Lost River.[69] Flood waters also swept through Cheboygan in the following days.[70][71]
  • April 13 - Seven convicts escaped from the Detroit House of Correction by leaping from a third-floor window.[73][74]
  • April 17 - Voters in Detroit overwhelmingly approved the city's purchase of the Detroit United Railway by a margin of 55,658 to 12,198.[75]
  • April 19 - Patrick T. Roche, described at the country's star rum sleuth, opened a permanent office with 20 special agents in Detroit to invest to investigate charges by Judge Tuttle of corruption in the enforcement of Prohibition laws.[76][77]
  • April 21 - The Employers Association announced that unemployment had ended in Detroit and that plants were unable to fill vacancies for skilled workers. According to the report, Detroit had 40,000 unemployed persons in October 1921, and 45,000 jobs had been added since that time.[78]
  • April 23 - A report from the National Bank of Commerce focused on the migration of industry from the Eastern Seaboard to the Midwest. It was reported that Michigan's manufacturing output had grown tenfold from $320 million in 1900 to $3.5 billion.[79]
Work on the Detroit Institute of Arts began in 1922.
  • April 23 - Five inmates escaped from the state prison in Ionia.[80]
  • April 28 - Packard announced it would hire 1,000 new workers, and Ford announced it would hire 9,000 more. Ford stated it was hiring 100 new men per day.[81]
  • April 28 - Plans and drawings for the new Detroit Institute of Arts building were unveiled. The building, to be built of white marble with a wide balustrade, was projected to take two years to build at a cost of $2.5 million.[82]
  • April 30 - A shootout took place between a security guard and police officers at the R.M. Schorenstein lumber company after the guard mistook the officers for burglars. The security guard was killed in the exchange of gunfire, and two police officers were wounded.[83]

May

[edit]
  • May 1 - The federal reserve reported that production and shipment of automobiles increased by 55% in one month – from 98,487 passenger vehicles in February to 152,512 in April.[84]
  • May 4 - Radio came to the state as the Detroit Free Press began operation of a radio station known as WCX. The newspaper announced the endeavor as a gift to the people of Michigan. Governor Groesbeck attended the first broadcast.[85] The first broadcast, heard as far as Chicago, included Mendelsohn music played on a Duoart reproducing piano and an aria and popular songs performed live by the noted Polish-American opera singer Thaddeus Wronski.[86] WCX became WJR after being sold by the Free Press in 1925.
  • May 5 - The U.S. Employment Bureau reported that automobile plants added 20,556 new workers in April, a 10% increase in the workforce in one month. Detroit led all cities with 16,428 new jobs added in April.[87]
  • May 7 - Eddie Stinson piloted a Junker airplane, carrying seven passengers, from Ashburn Field in Chicago and arrived at Morrow Field in Detroit two-and-a-half hours later. The passengers were able to have breakfast in Chicago and lunch in Detroit.[88]

June

[edit]
  • June 1 - A gun battle between a gang of four bank robbers and a posse of 500 farmers and police officers, using a machine gun, left two of robbers dead in a swamp near Hadley, Michigan. The gang had earlier in the day robbed $6,500 from the Metamora State Savings Bank.[91][92] Two days later, a posse of 600 pursued a gang that robbed $8,000 from a bank in Farwell, Michigan.[93]
  • June 23 - After being extradited back to Michigan in April, Charles C. Jonesi, manager of the L.J. Sinkula brokerage company, was tried (in front of Judge Willie Heston) and convicted of conspiracy to defraud in selling $1 million in worthless stock to foreign-born residents of Detroit, mostly Poles. The story received front-page coverage for much of the spring and summer.[94][95][96][97][98][99][100] Jonesi was sentenced on June 28 to two years in jail.[101] His conviction was later affirmed by the Michigan Supreme Court in 1923.[102]

July

[edit]

August

[edit]

September

[edit]
Detroit Masonic Temple
  • September 5 - Colonel Jesse G. Vincent piloted his Packard Chris-Craft boat to a victory in the Gold Cup, the national powerboat championship. The race was run on the Detroit River before a crowd of 100,000 persons. Vincent's victory broke a five-year winning streak by Gar Wood who won the Gold Cup each year from 1917 to 1921.[103]

October

[edit]
  • October 1 - The Detroit Tigers concluded their season with a loss to Cleveland.[105] Several Tiger ranked among the American League's leaders. Ty Cobb's .401 batting average, 211 hits, and 16 triples all ranked second behind George Sisler. Lu Blue's 131 runs also ranked second behind Sisler. And Bobby Veach's 126 RBIs also ranked second in the league.[106]
  • October 14 - The 1922 Michigan vs. Vanderbilt football game ended in a scoreless tie. The Wolverines won every other game during their 1922 season.

November

[edit]
  • November 4 - Sen. Charles E. Townsend, in close competition for re-election, defended his support for seating the beleaguered Sen. Truman Newberry. At a Detroit rally, Townsend insisted that Newberry was "honestly elected" and noted that the seating of Newberry preserved Republican control of the Senate and made it possible to defeat the League of Nations.[107]
Woodbridge N. Ferris
  • November 4 - Michigan defeated Michigan Agricultural by a 63–0 score in the annual rivalry game. Lloyd Northard wrote in the Detroit Free Press that "not in the past 10 years has an Aggie team been so utterly out-classed in every department of the game." Fully embracing the passing game, Michigan threw 33 passes with 17 completions. Northard wrote that the game at times "more resembled basketball than football" and called it "the greatest exhibition of aerial play ever witnessed on Ferry Field", setting records for both passes thrown and completed.[108]
  • November 7 -
  • In the 1922 Michigan gubernatorial election, the incumbent Republican Alex J. Groesbeck received 61.5% of the votes, easily defeating Democratic candidate Alva M. Cummins who received 37.4% of the votes.
  • In the election for a U.S. Senate seat from Michigan, Democrat former Governor Woodbridge N. Ferris defeated incumbent Sen. Charles E. Townsend. Ferris won by a narrow margin of 294,932 votes (50.59%) to 281,843 votes (48.35%).[109] Ferris was the first Democratic Senator elected from Michigan in 70 years.
  • In the election for Michigan's 13 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives, Republicans retained control of 12 seats. In the first district, following the retirement of Republican George P. Codd, Democrat Robert H. Clancy won the seat with 55.4% of the votes.[110]
Temple Beth El
  • November 7 - Baseball great Sam Thompson who led the 1887 Detroit Wolverines to the city's first championship in the 1887 World Series died, age 62, at his home at 6468 Trumbell Avenue in Detroit. In retirement, he lived in Detroit, invested in real estate, and served as a deputy marshall at Detroit's federal building.[111]
  • November 10-12 - Temple Beth El at 8801 Woodward Avenue, designed by Albert Kahn, was dedicated in Detroit.[112] Several days after the dedication, Rabbi Leo M. Franklin, pastor at the old temple since 1898, was elected as "rabbi for life" of the new temple.[113]
  • November 19 - U.S. Senator Truman Newberry resigned from the Senate, complaining about partisan persecution. The resignation, presented to Gov. Groesbeck, was effective immediately. Newberry had been criticized for spending $190,000 in his 1918 campaign to defeat Henry Ford in the election to the Senate.[114] Woodbridge N. Ferris, recently elected to the Senate, had recently announced that his first official act would be a demand to unseat Newberry.[115]
  • November 29 -
* Gov. Groesbeck appointed Detroit Mayor James Couzens to the U.S. Senate, filling the vacancy resulting from the resignation of Truman Newberry.[116]
  • John C. Lodge, president of Detroit's common council, became the acting Mayor of Detroit.[117]

December

[edit]
  • December 7 - James Couzens sworn in as a U.S. Senator in Washington, D.C.[118]
  • December 14 - The tugboat Reliance, owned by the Superior Paper Company, was stranded after crashing into rocks in a storm off Lizzard Island in Lake Superior, resulting in the loss of four lives. Twenty-three crew members survived in lifeboats.[120][121][122][123]
  • December 21 - Henry Ford announced that, with demand exceeding the capacity of the Highland Park plant, the company would build a new $6-million manufacturing and assembly plant near Chicago.[124]
Bernard Kirk
  • December 27 - The funeral of Michigan football star Bernard Kirk, held in Ypsilanti after the 22-year old athlete died from injuries sustained in an automobile accident, was covered by newspapers across the United States.[125] The church where the requiem mass was held "could not accommodate a tenth of those attending the services."[126] Kirk's honorary pallbearers included University of Michigan President Marion Leroy Burton, Michigan Governor Alex Groesbeck, Fielding H. Yost, and two U.S. Congressmen.[125] His casket was carried to the grave by eight of his Michigan teammates, including Harry Kipke, Paul Goebel, Irwin Uteritz, and Franklin Cappon.[126] One account described the emotional response of Kirk's teammates at the funeral: "As the casket bearing the body of the former University of Michigan football star was slowly lowered into his last resting place, husky athletes who battled with him on the football fields for the glory and honor of Michigan sobbed unashamed."[126]
  • December 28 - Federal Prohibition officers raided 10 sites in Wyandotte, Michigan. Director James P. Davis described the raids as the first step in a well-defined plan to ensure that Detroiters celebrated New Year's Eve without alcohol.[127] The following day, Davis' agents launched raids on "blind pigs and resorts" in Detroit.[128]

Births

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[edit]

Deaths

[edit]
  • April 19 - W. Irving Latimer, Michigan Auditor General (1879–1881), at age 85 in Portland, Oregon[132]
  • July 30 - Oliver L. Spaulding, U.S. Congressman from Michigan (1881–1883), at age 88 in Washington, D.C.[133]
  • August 24 - William Wilson Talcott, quarterback for the undefeated 1898 Michigan football team, at age 43 by suicide at Chicago's Navy Pier after his wife left him for a "love cult"
  • November 7 - Sam Thompson, MLB player for Detroit Wolverines (1885–1888), Hall of Fame inductee, at age 62 in Detroit
  • December 23 - Bernard Kirk, end for U-M football team, at age 22 from injuries sustained in a car crash
[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Principal Events in Detroit's Life During Past Year". Detroit Free Press. January 1, 1923. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ a b Fourteenth Census of the United States Volume I Population 1920. United States Department of Commerce Bureauof the Census. 1921. pp. 232–236.
  3. ^ Fourteenth Census of the United States Volume I Population 1920. United States Department of Commerce Bureauof the Census. 1921. pp. 458–468.
  4. ^ "1922 Detroit Tigers Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  5. ^ "Football Records: Year-By-Year Results - 1920-29". Western Michigan Football Media Guide. Western Michigan University. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  6. ^ "1922 Michigan State Spartans Schedule and Results". SR/College Football. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved May 12, 2020.[permanent dead link‍]
  7. ^ "2015 Eastern Michigan Football Digital Media Guide" (PDF). Eastern Michigan University Football. pp. 161, 170. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  8. ^ "1922 Detroit Mercy Titans Schedule and Results". SR/College Football. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved May 12, 2020.[permanent dead link‍]
  9. ^ "Central Michigan 2015 Football Media Guide" (PDF). Central Michigan University. 2015. pp. 100, 108. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 26, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  10. ^ "Michigan School History". SR/CBB. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  11. ^ "Fight Is Begun Over Seating of Newberry". Detroit Free Press. January 7, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ "Townsend Hurls Defi at Foes of Sen. Newberry". Detroit Free Press. January 8, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ "Solons To Quiz Sen. Newberry". Detroit Free Press. January 9, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "Newberry Wins Votes Defying Foes in Senate". Detroit Free Press. January 10, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ "Sen. Newberry Seen As Victor By Ten Votes". Detroit Free Press. January 11, 1922. p. 1.
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  17. ^ "Newberry Retains Seat in Senate by Margin of 5 Votes". Detroit Free Press. January 13, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ "12 New Models Exhibited At N.Y. Auto Show". Detroit Free Press. January 8, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
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  22. ^ "$3,000,000 To Be Spent For Roads By County". Detroit Free Press. January 10, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^ "'Capitol' Opens; Film Mark Set". Detroit Free Press. January 13, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  24. ^ "Dodge Bought 'Crown Jewels;' Duty Was Paid". Detroit Free Press. January 20, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
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  27. ^ "Auto Show Not Hurt By Cold". Detroit Free Press. January 24, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
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  31. ^ "Ford buys Lincoln - Feb 04, 1922". History.com. 2009. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
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  33. ^ "Orders Swamp Lincoln Motor". Detroit Free Press. February 7, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  34. ^ "Ford Faces Court Fight To Get All of Lincoln Assets". Detroit Free Press. February 13, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
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  36. ^ "1,500 in Panic, As Police Raid Movie Theater". Detroit Free Press. February 25, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  37. ^ "The Graystone -- Detroit's Newest Ballroom". Detroit Free Press. February 26, 1922. p. 16 – via Newspapers.com.
  38. ^ "1,400 in Fire Panic at Law Students' Dance". Detroit Free Press. May 12, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  39. ^ "Dodge Puts On Prison Stripes; Loses His Fags". Detroit Free Press. March 17, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  40. ^ "Dodge Refused New Trial; Is Back In Prison". Detroit Free Press. March 18, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  41. ^ "Jail Still Holds Dodge; Trial at Kazoo Follows". Detroit Free Press. March 19, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  42. ^ "Dodge Trial Halts As Wife Has Collapse". Detroit Free Press. March 22, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  43. ^ "Dodge Is Freed; Was Not Drunk on Ride, Finding". Detroit Free Press. March 23, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  44. ^ "Time To Turn Over New Leaf Dodge Decides". Detroit Free Press. March 26, 1992. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  45. ^ "Young Dodge To Stand Trial on Liquor Charges". The News-Palladium. April 11, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  46. ^ "Dodge Guilty of Having Rum; May Get Year". Detroit Free Press. April 20, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  47. ^ "Dodge Appeals For New Trial". Detroit Free Press. April 26, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  48. ^ "Flappers Lose As Mayor Bans Dance 'Palace'". Detroit Free Press. March 10, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  49. ^ "Head of Dance Hall Owners Backs Cleanup". Detroit Free Press. March 11, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  50. ^ "Besieged Hall Wins in Court". Detroit Free Press. March 18, 2020. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  51. ^ "30-Year War Ends As D.U.R. Agrees To Sell". Detroit Free Press. March 11, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  52. ^ "D.U.R. Accepts City's Bid for Detroit Lines". Detroit Free Press. February 28, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  53. ^ "Final D.U.R. Act Puts Unified M.O. Up To Civic Vote". Detroit Free Press. March 12, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  54. ^ "Bank's New Home Lofty Monument To Faith in City". Detroit Free Press. March 12, 1922. p. II-1 – via Newspapers.com.
  55. ^ "Work Week Cut To Five Days in All Ford Shops". Detroit Free Press. March 25, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  56. ^ "8 In Boy Scout Party Lost In Magician Lake". Detroit Free Press. March 26, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  57. ^ "Scouts' Bodies in Lake Found". Detroit Free Press. March 27, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  58. ^ "Coroner Probes Tragedy". The Port Huron Times-Herald. March 27, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  59. ^ "Detroit Leads Entire Nation in Trade Boom". Detroit Free Press. March 30, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  60. ^ "Honor Places Go To Ten in Hall of Fame". Detroit Free Press. April 2, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  61. ^ "Dibbleites Concede Defeat in Hamtramck". Detroit Free Press. April 4, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  62. ^ "Hamtramck's Mayor Named In Love Triangle". Detroit Free Press. June 13, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  63. ^ "Detroit Again Leads U.S. in Aiding Jobless". Detroit Free Press. April 6, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  64. ^ "Chief Fox, Shot Through Chest Chases Thugs". Detroit Free Press. April 9, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  65. ^ "Fox Will Live; City Scoured for 4 Gunmen". Detroit Free Press. April 10, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  66. ^ "M'Graw Names Men Who Shot Detective Fox". Detroit Free Press. April 23, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  67. ^ "Grilled For 5 Hours, Admits Shooting Fox". Detroit Free Press. April 30, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  68. ^ "Two Identified In Fox Shooting". Detroit Free Press. May 1, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  69. ^ "Flood Threatens To Wipe Out Entire Michigan Town". Detroit Free Press. April 11, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  70. ^ "Flood Sweeps Through Cheboygan City". Detroit Free Press. April 12, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  71. ^ "Flood's Force Gains As River Smashes Bank". Detroit Free Press. April 13, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  72. ^ "Bengals 'Boot' Opening Game to Cleveland". Detroit Free Press. April 13, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  73. ^ "Seven Convicts Escape House of Correction". Detroit Free Press. April 14, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  74. ^ "Mayor Starts Probe of City Prison Escape". Detroit Free Press. April 15, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  75. ^ "Vote Gives M.O. Final Victory Over D.U.R." Detroit Free Press. April 18, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  76. ^ "U.S. Sends Star Rum Sleuth Here To Probe Tuttle Charges". Detroit Free Press. April 20, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  77. ^ "Dry Chief Clips Enforcement Agent's Wings". Detroit Free Press. April 21, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  78. ^ "Unemployment In Detroit Now Past, Is Report". Detroit Free Press. April 22, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  79. ^ "U.S. Industries Move to West, Bank Reveals". Detroit Free Press. April 24, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  80. ^ "3 Detroit Desperadoes Escape From Ionia". Detroit Free Press. April 24, 1922. p. 1.
  81. ^ "Auto Factories in Detroit Add 10,000 Workers". Detroit Free Press. April 29, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  82. ^ "Imposing Pile To House Institute of Arts". Detroit Free Press. April 29, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  83. ^ "1 Killed, 2 Hurt in Gun Battle at Grd. Rapids". Detroit Free Press. May 1, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  84. ^ "Trade Gaining in Basic Lines; Autos Leading". Detroit Free Press. May 2, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  85. ^ "Detroit Free Press' Radio Opens Thursday". Detroit Free Press. May 4, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  86. ^ "America Given Radio Concert By Free Press". Detroit Free Press. May 5, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  87. ^ "Auto Industry Is Now Normal Report Says". Detroit Free Press. May 6, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  88. ^ "'Plane Brings 7 From Chicago in 2 1/2 Hours". Detroit Free Press. May 8, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  89. ^ "Charge Against Tigers True, Declares Ban Johnson". Detroit Free Press. May 13, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  90. ^ "Six-Millionth Ford Car Made Thursday". Detroit Free Press. May 19, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  91. ^ "Victims of Bank Robbers' Bullets Is Close to Death". Detroit Free Press. June 2, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  92. ^ "Bank Robber Gang's Lair Traced To Detroit". Detroit Free Press. June 3, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  93. ^ "Posse Trails Bank Robbers in North Woods". Detroit Free Press. June 4, 1922. p. 1.
  94. ^ "Jonesi, Loser, Is Coming Back". Detroit Free Press. March 28, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  95. ^ "Jonesi, Silent, Gains Liberty on $10,000 Bail". Detroit Free Press. April 22, 1922. p. 1.
  96. ^ "'Posies Bloom; Pick Em,' Jonesi Advised". Detroit Free Press. May 10, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  97. ^ "Sinkula's Aids Held for Trial". Detroit Free Press. May 11, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  98. ^ "Jonesi To Face 164 Accusers". Detroit Free Press. June 13, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  99. ^ "Sinkula Case Evidence Ends". Detroit Free Press. June 23, 1922. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
  100. ^ "Sinkula Chief and Aid Guilty in Stock Fraud". Detroit Free Press. June 24, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  101. ^ "Jonesi Draws 2 Years in Jail". Detroit Free Press. June 29, 1922. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
  102. ^ Michigan Supreme Court (June 4, 1923). "People v. Jonesi" – via Newspapers.com.
  103. ^ "Col. Vincent's Boat Again 1st, Wins Gold Cup". Detroit Free Press. September 5, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  104. ^ "200,000 Witness Masonic Ritual As Stone Is Laid". Detroit Free Press. September 19, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  105. ^ "Tigers Finish 1922 Baseball Season As They Opened It, Losing to Indians, 6-5". Detroit Free Press. October 2, 1922. p. 12 – via Newspapers.com.
  106. ^ "1922 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  107. ^ "Slurs On State Resented By Townsend". Detroit Free Press. November 5, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  108. ^ Lloyd Northard (November 5, 1922). "Wolverines Run Wild Over Farmers, Winning By the Score of 63 to 0: Weak Resistance Is Offered Yostmen; Maize and Blue Fairly Smothers Game Eleven From Lansing By Shower of Touchdowns and Kicks – Substitutes Play Whole Third Period For Ann Arbor Front". Detroit Free Press. p. 21 – via Newspapers.com.
  109. ^ "Ferris Wins; Margin 15,000". Detroit Free Press. November 9, 1922. pp. 1, 8 – via Newspapers.com.
  110. ^ "Detroit Pairs Congressmen". Detroit Free Press. November 9, 1922. p. 8 – via Newspapers.com.
  111. ^ "Sam Thompson, Diamond Star of Early Days, Passes Beyond". Detroit Free Press. November 8, 1922. pp. 16–17 – via Newspapers.com.
  112. ^ "New Temple's Key Accepted". Detroit Free Press. November 11, 1922. p. II-1 – via Newspapers.com.
  113. ^ "Elect Rabbi Franklin To Lifetime Service". Detroit Free Press. November 29, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  114. ^ "Newberry Quits; Successor Soon To Be Announced". Detroit Free Press. November 20, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  115. ^ "Newberry Should Resign". Ironwood Daily Globe. November 13, 1922. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
  116. ^ "Mayor James Couzens of Detroit New Senator". Battle Creek Enquirer. November 29, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  117. ^ "Lodge May Not Seek Election; Martin Urged". Detroit Free Press. November 30, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  118. ^ "Couzens Takes Senate Oath, Starts Work". Detroit Free Press. December 8, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  119. ^ "Bridge Steel All In Place". Detroit Free Press. December 17, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  120. ^ "27 Lost As Tug Founders Near Sault, Report". Detroit Free Press. December 18, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  121. ^ "Twenty-Seven Missing in a Lake Disaster". Battle Creek Enquirer. December 18, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  122. ^ "Lake Wreck Survivors Tell of Fierce Fight for Life". Detroit Free Press. December 20, 1922. p. 1.
  123. ^ "December 14, 1922: Tug Reliance sinks on Lake Superior, four dead". Zenith City Press. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  124. ^ "Ford Will Build Great Closed Body Plant in Chicago". Detroit Free Press. December 22, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  125. ^ a b "Last Honors To Kirk: High Officials Attend Funeral of Michigan Football Star". The New York Times. December 27, 1922.
  126. ^ a b c "Bernard Kirk Is Buried While Team-mates Weep". LaCrosse Tribune and Leader-Press. December 28, 1922.
  127. ^ "Wyandotte Raid By U.S. Men Starts Huge Booze Cleanup". Detroit Free Press. December 29, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  128. ^ "Federal Men Swoop Down on Blind Pigs". Detroit Free Press. December 30, 1922. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  129. ^ "Legislator Details - William G. Milliken". Library of Michigan. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
  130. ^ Ross, Lillian; Ross, Helen (April 8, 1961). The Player A Profile Of An Art. Simon And Schuster. p. 320. Retrieved February 5, 2023 – via Internet Archive.
  131. ^ United States Congress. "Charles Coles Diggs, Jr. (id: D000344)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
  132. ^ "Legislator Details – William Irving Latimer". Library of Michigan. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  133. ^ United States Congress. "Oliver Lyman Spaulding (id: S000706)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
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