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1914 Leith Burghs by-election

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1914 Leith Burghs by-election
← 1910 26 February 1914 1918 →
 
Candidate Currie Smith Bell
Party Unionist Liberal Labour
Popular vote 5,159 5,143 3,346
Percentage 37.8% 37.7% 24.5%
MP before election

Ferguson
Liberal

Subsequent MP

Benn
Liberal

The 1914 Leith Burghs by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 20 February 1914.[1] The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

Vacancy

[edit]

Munro Ferguson had been the Liberal MP for Leith Burghs since 1886 when he succeeded William Gladstone. In February 1914, he was appointed to the post of Governor-General of Australia and thus resigned his seat.

Electoral history

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This was the result at the last election;

Ferguson
General election December 1910
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Ronald Munro Ferguson 7,069 57.2 +7.6
Liberal Unionist Frederick Alexander Macquisten 5,284 42.8 +11.3
Majority 1,785 14.4 −3.7
Turnout 12,353 68.7 −14.3
Liberal hold Swing -9.5

The result of the previous election is worth noting because it was a three-way contest;

General election January 1910
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Ronald Munro Ferguson 7,146 49.6 −11.6
Liberal Unionist Robert Cranston 4,540 31.5 −7.3
Labour William Walker 2,724 18.9 New
Majority 2,606 18.1 −4.3
Turnout 14,410 83.0 +9.1
Liberal hold Swing

Candidates

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Bell
  • Malcolm Smith was chosen as the Liberal candidate to defend the seat. A local businessman, he became the Provost of Leith in 1908.
  • George Welsh Currie was chosen as the Unionist candidate. He had been born and raised in Edinburgh.
  • William Walker the previous Labour candidate had taken a job as a Civil Servant which precluded him from standing for parliament. Joseph Nicholas Bell was chosen by the Labour Party as their candidate. He was sponsored by the National Amalgamated Union of Labour.

Campaign

[edit]

Labour's intervention was expected to hurt the Liberals, but there was evidence that they might still win a three-way contest; Although Labour had not stood here last time, a Labour candidate had contested the January 1910 general election, finishing third and polling 18.9%.

Although Bell was a moderate in Labour Party terms, his campaign was run by extreme Socialists. Bell explained his position by stating he was a Socialist and he was selected by the working class bodies of Leith. The Seamans Union Leader Havelock Wilson visited the constituency to speak in support of the Liberal candidate and was involved in an exchange with the Socialist Emmanuel Shinwell who sought court action for alleged slander with £1,000 for damages.[2]

Result

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The Unionists gained the seat from the Liberals.

Currie
Leith Burghs by-election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist George Welsh Currie 5,159 37.8 −5.0
Liberal Malcolm Smith 5,143 37.7 −19.5
Labour Joseph Nicholas Bell 3,346 24.5 New
Majority 16 0.1 N/A
Turnout 13,648 77.1 +8.4
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing +9.1
  • The change in vote share and swing are compared to the previous three-way contest in January 1910.

Aftermath

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A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the summer of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.

General Election 1914/15: Leith Burghs
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist George Welsh Currie
Liberal Daniel Macaulay Stevenson
Labour Joseph Nicholas Bell

The Leith Burghs seat was abolished and mainly replaced for the 1918 elections by Leith. Smith did not contest the 1918 elections but was elected MP for Orkney & Shetland in 1921. Bell became Labour's prospective candidate for the new seat of Leith but was replaced at the eleventh hour.

General election 14 December 1918: Leith
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal William Wedgwood Benn 10,338 46.6
Unionist 7,613 34.3
Labour Stanley Burgess 4,251 19.1
Majority 2,725 12.3
Turnout 22,202
Liberal win (new seat)
  • Currie was the endorsed candidate of the Coalition Government.

References

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  1. ^ Craig, F.W.S. (1987). Chronology of British Parliamentary By-elections 1833–1987. Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 109.
  2. ^ Scottish Notes, Justice 26 February 1914, page 6
  • Craig, F. W. S. (1974). British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 (1 ed.). London: Macmillan.
  • Wikipedia: wiki.riteme.site
  • Who's Who: www.ukwhoswho.com
  • Debrett's House of Commons 1916
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