(Cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride

(Cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride
Names
	Other names Titanocene trichloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	1270-98-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	11601864;
ECHA InfoCard	100.156.156
PubChem CID	11127785;
UNII	BPJ2QGJ6ZF ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50925759 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C5H5.3ClH.Ti/c1-2-4-5-3-1;;;;/h1-5H;3*1H;/q;;;;+3/p-3 Key: AENCLWKVWIIOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-K;
	SMILES c1[cH-]ccc1.Cl[Ti+](Cl)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	C5H5Cl3Ti
Molar mass	219.31 g·mol−1
Appearance	orange solid
Density	1.768 g/cm3
Melting point	210 °C (410 °F; 483 K)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

(Cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride is an organotitanium compound with the formula (C₅H₅)TiCl₃. It is a moisture sensitive orange solid. The compound adopts a piano stool geometry.^[1]

Preparation and reactions

(C₅H₅)TiCl₃ is prepared by the reaction of titanocene dichloride and titanium tetrachloride:

(C₅H₅)₂TiCl₂ + TiCl₄ → 2 (C₅H₅)TiCl₃

The complex is electrophilic, readily forming alkoxide complexes upon treatment with alcohols.^[2]

Reduction of (cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride with zinc powder gives the polymeric Ti(III) derivative (cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride:^[3]

(C₅H₅)TiCl₃ + 0.5 Zn → 1/n [(C₅H₅)TiCl₂]_n + ZnCl₂

A related reduction can be effected with cobaltocene:^[4]

(C₅H₅)TiCl₃ + (C₅H₅)₂Co → [(C₅H₅)₂Co]⁺[(C₅H₅)TiCl₃]⁻

Other evidence for the Lewis acidity of the trichloride is the ready formation of adducts with phosphine ligands:^[5]

(C₅H₅)TiCl₃ + P(CH₃)₃ → (C₅H₅)TiCl₃(P(CH₃)₃

References

^ Rossini, A. J.; Mills, R. W.; Briscoe, G. A.; Norton, E. L.; et al. (2009). "Solid-State Chlorine NMR of Group IV Transition Metal Organometallic Complexes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131 (9): 3317–3330. doi:10.1021/ja808390a. PMID 19256569.
^ Andreas Hafner; Rudolf O. Duthaler (2001). "Trichloro(cyclopentadienyl)titanium". EEROS. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rt202m. ISBN 0-471-93623-5.
^ Lucas, C. R.; Green, M. L. H. (2007) [1976]. "Some η-Cyclopentadienyl Complexes of Titanium(III)". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 16. pp. 237–240. doi:10.1002/9780470132470.ch62. ISBN 978-0-470-13178-7.
^ Hughes, D.L.; Jimenez-Tenorio, M.; Leigh, G.J. (1989). "Synthesis of [Co(η⁵-C₅H₅)₂][M(η⁵-C₅H₅)Cl₃] salts (M = Ti or V): Crystal structure of [Co(η⁵-C₅H₅)2][Tc(η⁵-C₅H₅)Cl₃]". Polyhedron. 8 (13–14): 1780–1781. doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)80641-5.
^ Nadasdi, T. Timothy; Stephan, Douglas W. (1993). "Radical Routes to Titanium(IV) Thiolate Complexes: Structure and Reactivity of ((η⁵--C₅H₅)Ti^III and -Ti^IV Donor and Thiolate Derivatives". Inorganic Chemistry. 32 (26): 5933–5938. doi:10.1021/ic00078a008.
^ Morris, Robert J.; Shaw, Scott L.; Jefferis, Jesse M.; Storhoff, James J.; Goedde, Dean M. (1998). "Monoindenyltrichloride Complexes of Titanium(IV), Zirconium(IV), and Hafnium(IV)". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 32. pp. 215–221. doi:10.1002/9780470132630.ch36. ISBN 978-0-471-24921-4.

[1] Rossini, A. J.; Mills, R. W.; Briscoe, G. A.; Norton, E. L.; et al. (2009). "Solid-State Chlorine NMR of Group IV Transition Metal Organometallic Complexes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131 (9): 3317–3330. doi:10.1021/ja808390a. PMID 19256569.

[2] Andreas Hafner; Rudolf O. Duthaler (2001). "Trichloro(cyclopentadienyl)titanium". EEROS. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rt202m. ISBN 0-471-93623-5.

[3] Lucas, C. R.; Green, M. L. H. (2007) [1976]. "Some η-Cyclopentadienyl Complexes of Titanium(III)". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 16. pp. 237–240. doi:10.1002/9780470132470.ch62. ISBN 978-0-470-13178-7.

[4] Hughes, D.L.; Jimenez-Tenorio, M.; Leigh, G.J. (1989). "Synthesis of [Co(η⁵-C₅H₅)₂][M(η⁵-C₅H₅)Cl₃] salts (M = Ti or V): Crystal structure of [Co(η⁵-C₅H₅)2][Tc(η⁵-C₅H₅)Cl₃]". Polyhedron. 8 (13–14): 1780–1781. doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)80641-5.

[5] Nadasdi, T. Timothy; Stephan, Douglas W. (1993). "Radical Routes to Titanium(IV) Thiolate Complexes: Structure and Reactivity of ((η⁵--C₅H₅)Ti^III and -Ti^IV Donor and Thiolate Derivatives". Inorganic Chemistry. 32 (26): 5933–5938. doi:10.1021/ic00078a008.

[6] Morris, Robert J.; Shaw, Scott L.; Jefferis, Jesse M.; Storhoff, James J.; Goedde, Dean M. (1998). "Monoindenyltrichloride Complexes of Titanium(IV), Zirconium(IV), and Hafnium(IV)". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 32. pp. 215–221. doi:10.1002/9780470132630.ch36. ISBN 978-0-471-24921-4.

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Preparation and reactions

See also

References