Xilingol League

Xilingol League
Xilingol League
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	錫林郭勒
Simplified Chinese	锡林郭勒
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Xílínguōlè
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic	Шилийн Гол аймаг
Mongolian script	ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ
SASM/GNC
Transcriptions
SASM/GNC	Sili-yin Ɣool ayimaɣ

Xilingol League

锡林郭勒盟 • ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ
Xilingol League 锡林郭勒盟 • ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ
League
	Dinosaur statue in Erenhot
	Location of Xilingol League in Inner Mongolia
Country	People's Republic of China
Region	Inner Mongolia
Area
• Total	211,866 km2 (81,802 sq mi)
Population (2010)
• Total	1,028,022
• Density	4.9/km2 (13/sq mi)
GDP
• Total	CN¥ 100.0 billion; US$ 16.1 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 96,025; US$ 15,417
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	152500
Area code	0479
ISO 3166 code	CN-NM-25
Licence plate prefixes	蒙H
Website	www.xlgl.gov.cn

Xilingol League (also transliterated as Xilin Gol or Shiliin Gol; Chinese: 锡林郭勒盟; Mongolian: , Шилийн Гол аймаг, Shiliin Gol aimag, pronounced [ʃɪ̆ˈɮiŋ ɢɔɮ ˈɛːmə̆k]) is one of the 3 leagues of Inner Mongolia. The seat is Xilinhot, and the area is 202,580 km² (78,220 sq mi). The league's economy is based on mining and agriculture.

Xilingol borders Mongolia to the north, Chifeng, Tongliao and Hinggan League to the east, Ulanqab to the west and Hebei to the south.

This is the only prefecture-level division of Inner Mongolia in whose southern border nomadic culture is still vivid. Some divisions, such as Tongliao, have a much higher percentage of Mongolian population, but agriculture is extensive among Khorchin Mongols there. Xilingol League is also the closest Inner Mongolian prefecture-level division to Beijing; although, among those Inner Mongolian prefecture-level divisions bordering Hebei, the province surrounding Beijing, Xilin Gol is also the most unapproachable one. With a significant population of Chakhar Mongols, who speak a Mongolian dialect closely related to the standard dialect of Mongolia, the dialect also spoken in Xulun Hoh Banner, Xilin Gol League's variety is chosen as the standard language of Mongolian in China. Nevertheless, the de facto common standard is a mix of Khorchin-Kharchin and Chakhar, due to the extensive presence of Khorchin Mongolian speakers in China.

Demographics

In 2000, there were 975,168 inhabitants:

Ethnic group	no. of inhabitants	share
Han	653,226	66.78%
Mongols	284,995	29.23%
Manchu	26,687	2.74%
Hui	11,009	1.13%
Daur	784	0.08%
Other	519	0.04%

Administrative subdivisions

Xilin Gol is divided into two county-level cities, one county and nine banners:

Map
Erenhot (city) Xilinhot (city) Abag Banner Sonid Left Banner Sonid Right Banner East Ujimqin Banner West Ujimqin Banner Taibus Banner Bordered Yellow Banner Plain and Bordered White Banner Plain Blue Banner Duolun County
Name	Mongolian	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010)	Area (km²)	Density (/km²)
Xilinhot (city)	ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ (Sili-yin qota)	锡林浩特市	Xīlínhàotè Shì	245,886	15,758	15.6
Erenhot (city)	ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ (Eriyen qota)	二连浩特市	Èrliánhàotè Shì	74,197	4,015	18.5
Duolun County	ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠨᠨᠤᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ (Dolonnuur siyan)	多伦县	Duōlún Xiàn	100,893	3,773	26.7
Abag Banner	ᠠᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Abaɣ-a qosiɣu)	阿巴嘎旗	Ābāgā Qí	43,574	27,495	1.6
Sonid Left Banner (Sonid Jun Banner)	ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Söned Jegün qosiɣu)	苏尼特左旗	Sūnítè Zuǒ Qí	33,652	33,469	1.0
Sonid Right Banner (Sonid Barun Banner)	ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Söned Baraɣun qosiɣu)	苏尼特右旗	Sūnítè Yòu Qí	71,063	26,700	2.7
East Ujimqin Banner (Jun Ujimqin Banner)	ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠵᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Jegün Ujumučin qosiɣu)	东乌珠穆沁旗	Dōng Wūzhūmùqìn Qí	93,962	47,554	2.0
West Ujimqin Banner (Barun Ujimqin Banner)	ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠵᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Baraɣun Ujumučin qosiɣu)	西乌珠穆沁旗	Xī Wūzhūmùqìn Qí	87,614	22,960	3.8
Taibus Banner	ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Tayipusė qosiɣu)	太仆寺旗	Tàipúsì Qí	112,339	3,415	32.9
Bordered Yellow Banner (Xianghuang Banner) (Hobot Xar Banner)	ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Köbegetü Sir-a qosiɣu)	镶黄旗	Xiānghuáng Qí	28,450	4,960	5.7
Plain and Bordered White Banner (Zhengxiangbai Banner) (Xulun Hobot Qagan Banner)	ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Siluɣun Köbegetü Čaɣan qosiɣu)	正镶白旗	Zhèngxiāngbái Qí	54,443	6,083	9.0
Plain Blue Banner (Zhenglan Banner) (Xulun Hoh Banner)	ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Siluɣun Köke qosiɣu)	正蓝旗	Zhènglán Qí	81,967	9,963	8.2

Demonstrations in 2011

After the alleged murder of a Mongolian herder, Mergen, by a Chinese truck driver who was blocking the way for Chinese coal trucks to pass through his pasture on May 10, 2011. Protests with some thousand protestors broke out in Xilingol.^[2] To prevent the spreading of protests, the Chinese government sealed off the Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities in Tongliao and the Nationalities University in Hohhot, the only two universities where lessons are predominantly taught in Mongolian. In addition, it enforced tight control on the internet and shut down QQ chatrooms.^[3] To address the underlying issues, the government provided compensation to the family of the victim, brought forth tougher environmental regulations, and dismissed the Communist Party chief of West Ujimqin. The truck driver was tried, found guilty of murder, and sentenced to death.

References

^ 内蒙古自治区统计局、国家统计局内蒙古调查总队 (2016). 《内蒙古统计年鉴－2016》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7901-5.
^ Ben Blanchard and Sui-Lee Wee (Reuters), Friday, May 27, 2011: Parts of Inner Mongolia 'under martial law' as protests spread. E.g. at [1]^{[dead link‍]}.
^ "Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center".