Wilson College (Pennsylvania)

Wilson College
Former names	Wilson Female College (1869–1920)
Motto	ARS, SCIENTIA, ET RELIGIO ; (Arts, Sciences and Religion)
Type	Private college
Established	March 24, 1869; 155 years ago
Religious affiliation	Presbyterian Church (USA)
Endowment	$43.4 million (2020)
President	Wesley R. Fugate
Academic staff	45 full-time
Students	1,620
Location	Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.; 39°56′53″N 77°39′11″W / 39.948°N 77.653°W
Campus	Nearly 300 acres (121.4 ha)
Colors	Silver and blue
Nickname	Phoenix
Mascot	The Phoenix
Website	www.wilson.edu
	Wilson College
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	U.S. Historic district
	Pennsylvania state historical marker
	Wilson College Harry R. Brooks Complex
Location	1015 Philadelphia Ave., Chambersburg, Pennsylvania
Area	55 acres (22.3 ha)
Built	1870
Architect	Larson, Leslie; Furness, Evans & Co., et al.
Architectural style	Second Empire, Colonial Revival, Late Gothic Revival
NRHP reference No.	95000888
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	July 21, 1995
Designated PHMC	October 10, 1952

Wilson College is a private, Presbyterian-related college in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1869 by two Presbyterian ministers, it was named for its first major donor, Sarah Wilson.

For 144 years, Wilson operated as a women's college. In 2013 the college's board of trustees voted to make the college coeducational beginning in the 2013–2014 academic year, with male residential students beginning in fall 2014.

History

1869–1900

The college was founded as the Wilson Female College by the Rev. Tryon Edwards and the Rev. James W. Wightman,^[4] pastors of Presbyterian churches in nearby Hagerstown, Maryland, and Greencastle, Pennsylvania.^[5] The original charter was granted by the Pennsylvania Legislature on March 24, 1869.^[6]^[7] The college took its present name, Wilson College, in 1920.^[8] Wilson was one of the first colleges in the U.S. to accept only female students. Its 1870 promotional materials stated that the college was a place for women "to be leaders, not followers, in society".^[9]^[10] Instruction began in 1870, with the first academic degree awarded in 1874.^[11]

The college was modeled after the Seven Sisters colleges.^[12] It was named for Sarah Wilson (1795–1871),^[13] whose donations were used to purchase the campus land.^[14]^[15]^[16]

1900–2000

Anna Jane McKeag was inaugurated as Wilson's first woman president in 1911;^[17]^[18] she was succeeded in 1915 by Ethelbert Dudley Warfield.^[19]

In 1967 the Wilson College sailing team won the first Intercollegiate Sailing Association national championship held in a women's event (dinghy).^[20]

Although it nearly closed its doors in 1979, a lawsuit organized by students, faculty, parents and an alumnae association succeeded in allowing the college to remain open. It is one of the few colleges to survive a scheduled closing.^[21]^[22] It subsequently adopted the Phoenix as its mascot, to symbolize the college's survival.

In 1982, Wilson began offering a continuing studies program (now known as the Adult Degree Program) to meet the needs of adults seeking post-secondary education. In 1996, the college was one of the first in the nation to offer on-campus residential housing for single mothers living with children.^[23]^[24]

2000–present

The first men to attend Wilson entered at the end of World War II when an influx of male students created shortages at co-educational and men's colleges. These men attended classes for one year before transferring to other colleges. Men later became eligible to earn degrees from Wilson through the Adult Degree Program, although the traditional undergraduate college remained a college for women. In 2013, the college's board of trustees voted to extend coeducation across all programs; the first male residential students began studies at Wilson in fall 2014.^[25]^[26]

Campus

The Wilson College campus is located at the edge of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, on both sides of the Conococheague Creek.^[27] The property was originally bought from newspaper editor and state senator Alexander McClure, whose home had been burnt in 1864 by Confederates under the orders of General Jubal Early.^[28] The home was rebuilt before being sold to the college.^[29]

Academics

The college offers 34 undergraduate majors, 40 undergraduate minors, and master's degrees. The most popular majors are in the fields of agriculture and agricultural sciences, animal-assisted therapy, biological sciences, nursing, and veterinary nursing.^[30]^[31]

Athletics

Wilson athletic teams are named the Phoenix. The college is a member of the Division III level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), primarily competing in the United East Conference (UEC) since rejoining the conference for the 2023-24 academic year.^[31] The Phoenix previously competed in the Colonial States Athletic Conference CSAC from 2017–18 to 2022–23, having been members of the United East Conference prior to that.

Wilson competes in 11 intercollegiate varsity sports: Men's sports include baseball, basketball, golf, soccer and volleyball; while women's sports include basketball, field hockey, lacrosse, soccer, softball and volleyball. Club sports include archery, equestrian and pep talk. The women's equestrian team competes in numerous IHSA and other events.^[32]

Wilson began sponsoring men's sports in 2014–15, when the college became coeducational.

Basketball and Volleyball teams play in the Gannett Memorial Field House, located on campus. Softball, Lacrosse, and Soccer teams compete at the fields located in Kris' Meadow, adjacent to the campus' own farm land and facilities. Baseball plays at historic Henninger Field nearby in downtown Chambersburg, renovated and reopened in 2019.

Notable alumnae

Betty Andujar, Texas politician^[33]
Emily Bacon (1891–1972), physician
Pauline Morrow Austin, meteorologist
Pauline Donnan (1885–1934), opera singer
Martha Gandy Fales (1930–2006), art historian and curator
Amy Gilbert (1895–1980), historian
Zack Hanle, cooking author and journalist
Roberta Frances Johnson (1902–1988), American mathematician
Katherine Laich (1910–1992), librarian
Kate Hevner Mueller (1898–1984), psychologist and educator
Irene Neal, painter
Mary Lawson Neff (1862–1945), neurologist
Hannah J. Patterson (1879–1937), suffragist
Bonnie Lineweaver Paul, attorney and politician^[34]
Joan Risch, homemaker who went missing from her home in the Boston suburbs in 1961
Sally Hoyt Spofford (1914–2002), ornithologist^[35]
Elizabeth Schofield (1935–2005), archaeologist and classical scholar
Rosedith Sitgreaves (1915–1992), statistician and professor
Delia Velculescu, economist
Frances Wick (1875–1941), physicist

References

^ As of June 30, 2020. U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2020 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY19 to FY20 (Report). National Association of College and University Business Officers and TIAA. February 19, 2021. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
^ "National Register Information System – (#95000888)". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
^ "PHMC Historical Markers". Historical Marker Database. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Retrieved December 20, 2013.
^ Brown, Alice W.; Ballard, Sandra L. (December 15, 2011). Changing Course: Reinventing Colleges, Avoiding Closure: New Directions for Higher Education, Number 156. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-27536-8.
^ "Biographical Annals of Franklin County, Pennsylvania: Containing Genealogical Records of Representative Families, Including Many of the Early Settlers, and Biographical Sketches of Prominent Citizens". 1978.
^ "The Centennial Memorial of the Presbytery of Carlisle: A Series of Papers, Historical and Biographical, Relating to the Origin and Growth of Presbyterianism in the Central and Eastern Part of Southern Pennsylvania". 1889.
^ "The Church at Home and Abroad". 1890.
^ Layton, Elizabeth Nelson (March 26, 1948). "Significant Dates in the Early History of Institutions for the Higher Education of Women in the United States". Federal Security Agency, Office of Education, Division of Higher Education – via Google Books.
^ O'Connor, Karen (August 18, 2010). Gender and Women's Leadership: A Reference Handbook. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-1-4833-0541-7 – via Google Books.
^ Congress, United States (March 26, 1949). "Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress". U.S. Government Printing Office – via Google Books.
^ American Universities and Colleges, 19th Edition [2 Volumes]: Nineteenth Edition. ABC-CLIO. April 16, 2010. ISBN 978-0-313-36608-6 – via Google Books.
^ Hays, George Price (March 26, 1892). "Presbyterians, a Popular Narrative of Their Origin, Progress, Doctrines, and Achievements". J. A. Hill & Company – via Google Books.
^ Beyer, George R. (1991). Guide to the State Historical Markers of Pennsylvania. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. ISBN 978-0-89271-040-9.
^ Wickersham, James Pyle (1886). "A History of Education in Pennsylvania, Private and Public, Elementary and Higher: From the Time the Swedes Settled on the Delaware to the Present Day".
^ General Assembly, Pennsylvania (1969). "Legislative Record".
^ Keller, Rosemary Skinner; Ruether, Rosemary Radford; Cantlon, Marie (March 26, 2006). Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34685-8 – via Google Books.
^ "Dr. Anna J. McKeag Inaugurated as the New President of Wilson College -- Representatives of Many Universities Attend the Ceremony". The New York Times. May 19, 1912.
^ "FIRST WOMAN PRESIDENT.; Miss Anna Jane McKeag Now at the Head of Wilson College". The New York Times. April 28, 1912.
^ "Intellect". March 26, 1933 – via Google Books.
^ "ICSA Championships". Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved September 1, 2009.
^ "Alumnae are fighting to stop an imploding college from closing, and one court case could provide a 'legal roadmap' for them to do it". Business Insider.
^ Brown, Alice W.; Ballard, Sandra L. (December 15, 2011). Changing Course: Reinventing Colleges, Avoiding Closure: New Directions for Higher Education, Number 156. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-27536-8.
^ Votruba-Drzal, Elizabeth; Dearing, Eric (April 17, 2017). The Wiley Handbook of Early Childhood Development Programs, Practices, and Policies. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-93729-7.
^ Foundation, John Templeton (1999). Colleges That Encourage Character Development: A Resource for Parents, Students, and Educators. Templeton Foundation Press. ISBN 978-1-890151-28-7.
^ awrence Biemiller (January 13, 2013). "Seeking Enrollment Boost, Wilson College Will Admit Men". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
^ "Wilson College begins co-ed era". August 26, 2013.
^ "Annual report of the Commissioner of Health of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 1907". 1908.
^ "A scary night at Wilson College".
^ Huntington, Tom (2007). Pennsylvania Civil War Trails: The Guide to Battle Sites, Monuments, Museums and Towns. Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-3379-3.
^ "Wilson College - Profile, Rankings and Data". US News. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Wilson College - Niche". Niche. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
^ "Wilson Adds NCEA Equestrian For Fall 2020". Retrieved May 7, 2022.
^ Craig, Maddison. "Andujar, Elizabeth Richards". The Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association.
^ General Assembly, Virginia (1976). "Manual of the Senate and House of Delegates".
^ Little, Randolph S. (2003). For the birds: The Laboratory of Ornithology and Sapsucker Woods at Cornell University. For the Birds. ISBN 978-0-9746396-0-4.

External links

[1] As of June 30, 2020. U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2020 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY19 to FY20 (Report). National Association of College and University Business Officers and TIAA. February 19, 2021. Retrieved February 21, 2021.

[nris-2] "National Register Information System – (#95000888)". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.

[phmcdatabase-3] "PHMC Historical Markers". Historical Marker Database. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Retrieved December 20, 2013.

[4] Brown, Alice W.; Ballard, Sandra L. (December 15, 2011). Changing Course: Reinventing Colleges, Avoiding Closure: New Directions for Higher Education, Number 156. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-27536-8.

[5] "Biographical Annals of Franklin County, Pennsylvania: Containing Genealogical Records of Representative Families, Including Many of the Early Settlers, and Biographical Sketches of Prominent Citizens". 1978.

[6] "The Centennial Memorial of the Presbytery of Carlisle: A Series of Papers, Historical and Biographical, Relating to the Origin and Growth of Presbyterianism in the Central and Eastern Part of Southern Pennsylvania". 1889.

[7] "The Church at Home and Abroad". 1890.

[8] Layton, Elizabeth Nelson (March 26, 1948). "Significant Dates in the Early History of Institutions for the Higher Education of Women in the United States". Federal Security Agency, Office of Education, Division of Higher Education – via Google Books.

[9] O'Connor, Karen (August 18, 2010). Gender and Women's Leadership: A Reference Handbook. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-1-4833-0541-7 – via Google Books.

[10] Congress, United States (March 26, 1949). "Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress". U.S. Government Printing Office – via Google Books.

[11] American Universities and Colleges, 19th Edition [2 Volumes]: Nineteenth Edition. ABC-CLIO. April 16, 2010. ISBN 978-0-313-36608-6 – via Google Books.

[12] Hays, George Price (March 26, 1892). "Presbyterians, a Popular Narrative of Their Origin, Progress, Doctrines, and Achievements". J. A. Hill & Company – via Google Books.

[13] Beyer, George R. (1991). Guide to the State Historical Markers of Pennsylvania. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. ISBN 978-0-89271-040-9.

[14] Wickersham, James Pyle (1886). "A History of Education in Pennsylvania, Private and Public, Elementary and Higher: From the Time the Swedes Settled on the Delaware to the Present Day".

[15] General Assembly, Pennsylvania (1969). "Legislative Record".

[16] Keller, Rosemary Skinner; Ruether, Rosemary Radford; Cantlon, Marie (March 26, 2006). Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34685-8 – via Google Books.

[17] "Dr. Anna J. McKeag Inaugurated as the New President of Wilson College -- Representatives of Many Universities Attend the Ceremony". The New York Times. May 19, 1912.

[18] "FIRST WOMAN PRESIDENT.; Miss Anna Jane McKeag Now at the Head of Wilson College". The New York Times. April 28, 1912.

[19] "Intellect". March 26, 1933 – via Google Books.

[20] "ICSA Championships". Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved September 1, 2009.

[21] "Alumnae are fighting to stop an imploding college from closing, and one court case could provide a 'legal roadmap' for them to do it". Business Insider.

[22] Brown, Alice W.; Ballard, Sandra L. (December 15, 2011). Changing Course: Reinventing Colleges, Avoiding Closure: New Directions for Higher Education, Number 156. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-27536-8.

[23] Votruba-Drzal, Elizabeth; Dearing, Eric (April 17, 2017). The Wiley Handbook of Early Childhood Development Programs, Practices, and Policies. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-93729-7.

[24] Foundation, John Templeton (1999). Colleges That Encourage Character Development: A Resource for Parents, Students, and Educators. Templeton Foundation Press. ISBN 978-1-890151-28-7.

[25] wrence Biemiller (January 13, 2013). "Seeking Enrollment Boost, Wilson College Will Admit Men". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved January 13, 2013.

[26] "Wilson College begins co-ed era". August 26, 2013.

[27] "Annual report of the Commissioner of Health of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 1907". 1908.

[28] "A scary night at Wilson College".

[29] Huntington, Tom (2007). Pennsylvania Civil War Trails: The Guide to Battle Sites, Monuments, Museums and Towns. Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-3379-3.

[30] "Wilson College - Profile, Rankings and Data". US News. Retrieved January 21, 2021.

[auto-31] "Wilson College - Niche". Niche. Retrieved January 21, 2021.

[32] "Wilson Adds NCEA Equestrian For Fall 2020". Retrieved May 7, 2022.

[33] Craig, Maddison. "Andujar, Elizabeth Richards". The Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association.

[34] General Assembly, Virginia (1976). "Manual of the Senate and House of Delegates".

[35] Little, Randolph S. (2003). For the birds: The Laboratory of Ornithology and Sapsucker Woods at Cornell University. For the Birds. ISBN 978-0-9746396-0-4.

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