Yibna Bridge
Yibna Bridge
| |
|---|---|
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| Coordinates | 31°54′N 34°48′E / 31.9°N 34.8°E |
| Crosses | Nahal Sorek |
| Locale | Yibna, Israel |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | Arch |
| Total length | 48 metres |
| Width | 11.5 metres |
| History | |
| Opened | 1273–1274 CE |
| Location | |
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The Yibna Bridge (Hebrew: גשר יבנה, Arabic: جسر يبنا) or Nahr Rubin Bridge is a Mamluk arch bridge near Yibna, which crosses the Nahal Sorek (formerly known as Nahr Rubin, or Wadi al-Tahuna). It was previously used by Route 410 to Rehovot, and was known as the Jumping Bridge (הגשר הקופץ) due to a bump in the middle of the bridge which caused cars to jump if speeding.[1] It is now a part of a recreation ground, next to a new bridge carrying the Route 410.
History
[edit]
The bridge was one in a series of bridges built by Sultan Baybars in Egypt and Palestine. It was first studied in modern times by Clermont-Ganneau, who noted that an Arabic chronicle had referred to the construction by Baybars in 672 AH of two bridges build of a significant nature "in the neighbourhood of Ramleh". The chief purpose of these bridges was to ease communication for his armies between Egypt and northern Syria.[2] The second of these two bridges is thought to be the Jisr Jindas.[2]
According to Clermont-Ganneau, the bridge was built in 671–672 AH (1273–1274).[3] The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land cites the completion date as 1273.[4]
Max van Berchem, who examined it in the late 19th century, found that the bridge contained large amount of reused Crusader masonry, some of which carried mason's marks.[5]
Description
[edit]The bridge is 48 metres (157 ft) long, and 11.5 metres (38 ft) wide.[6] It comprises three arches, two central piers with triangular upstream-facing cutwaters and downstream-facing buttresses with sloping cills.[7]
It is very similar in design to the more well-known Jisr Jindas, apart from the width of the piers.[7] The bridge has a more than 2:1 arch-span to pier-width ratio versus approximately 1:1 at Jisr Jindas.[7]
The bridge does not contain any decoration or inscriptions, similar to that found on Jisr Jindas. However, according to Andrew Petersen there is "a possible inscription or signature" on a stone at the south end.[7]
See also
[edit]- Barid, Muslim postal network renewed during Mamluk period (roads, bridges, khans)
- Jisr al-Ghajar, stone bridge south of Ghajar
- Daughters of Jacob Bridge (Jisr Banat Yaqub), Mamluk bridge on the upper Jordan River
- Al-Sinnabra Crusader bridge, with nearby Jisr Umm el-Qanatir/Jisr Semakh and Jisr es-Sidd further downstream
- Jisr el-Majami bridge over the Jordan, with Mamluk khan
- Jisr Jindas bridge over the Ayalon near Lydda and Ramla
- Isdud Bridge (Mamluk, 13th century) outside Ashdod/Isdud
- Jisr ed-Damiye, bridges over the Jordan (Roman, Mamluk, modern)
References
[edit]- ^ Jacobs, Daniel; Shirley Eber; Francesca Silvani (1998). Israel and the Palestinian Territories. Rough Guides. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-85828-248-0.
- ^ a b Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, pp. 110–117
- ^ Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, p. 174; Reinecke, 1992, II, 38 No. 170. Both cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 318
- ^ Levy, 1995, p. 517
- ^ Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, p. 182 Also cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 318
- ^ Petersen, 2001, p. 318
- ^ a b c d Petersen, 2010, p. 297
Bibliography
[edit]- Clermont-Ganneau, C.S. (1896). [ARP] Archaeological Researches in Palestine 1873–1874, translated from the French by J. McFarlane. Vol. 2. London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Levy, T.E. (1995). Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land. A&C Black. ISBN 0718513886.
- Meinecke, M. (1992). Die mamlukishe Architecktur in Agypten und Syrien. Vol. 2. Gluckstadt.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Petersen, Andrew (2001). A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine: Volume I (British Academy Monographs in Archaeology). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780197270110.
- Petersen, A. (2010): Bridges in Medieval Palestine, in U. Vermeulen & K. Dhulster (eds.), History of Egypt & Syria in the Fatimid, Ayyubid & Mamluk Eras V Archived 2016-06-04 at the Wayback Machine, V. Peeters, Leuven
External links
[edit]- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 13: IAA, Wikimedia commons
