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RFA Wave Knight (A389)

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For other ships with the same name, see RFA Wave Knight.

RFA Wave Knight
Wave Knight resupplying the French frigate Germinal in the Caribbean Sea (August 2021)
History
United Kingdom
NameRFA Wave Knight
OperatorRoyal Fleet Auxiliary
Ordered12 March 1997
Builder
Laid down22 October 1998
Launched29 September 2000
Commissioned8 April 2003
Out of servicePlanned by March 2025
HomeportHMNB Devonport[1]
Identification
StatusIn extended readiness (uncrewed reserve)[2]
Badge
General characteristics [3][4][5]
Class and typeWave-class tanker
Displacement31,500 tonnes approx
Length196.5 metres
Beam28.25 metres
Draft9.97 metres
Propulsion
  • Diesel-electric:
  • 4 × Wartsila 12V 32E/GECLM diesel generators 25,514 metric horsepower (18.76 MW)
  • 2 × GEC Alstom motors with Cegelec variable speed converters 19,040 metric horsepower (14 MW)
  • 1 × shaft
  • 18t thrust electric Kamewa bow thruster and 12t thrust electric stern thruster, both powered by Cegelec variable speed drives and motors
Speed18 knots (33 km/h)
Range10,000 nautical miles (20,000 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h)
Capacity
  • 16,000 m3 of liquids (of which 3,000 m3 aviation fuel & 380 m3 fresh water)
  • 125 tonnes of lubricating oil
  • 500 m3 of solids
  • 150 tonnes of fresh food in eight 20 ft refrigerated container units.
Complement80 Royal Fleet Auxiliary personnel with provision for 22 Royal Navy personnel for helicopter and weapons systems operations
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Surface search: E/F band
  • Navigation: KH 1077, I-band
  • IFF: Type 1017
Electronic warfare
& decoys		Sea Gnat decoy launcher system[6]
Armament
Aircraft carried1 Merlin helicopter with full hangar facilities

RFA Wave Knight is a Wave-class fast fleet tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) of the United Kingdom tasked with providing fuel, food, fresh water, ammunition and other supplies to Royal Navy vessels around the world.

Wave Knight was built by VSEL (after 1999, BAE Systems Marine) in Barrow-in-Furness, being launched in 2000. She was accepted into service in 2003 and is the second ship to bear this name in RFA service. Wave Knight and her sister Wave Ruler replaced the elderly Olna and Olwen, two Ol-class 36,000 ton fast fleet tankers built at Swan Hunter and Hawthorn Leslie respectively in the 1960s.[5]

Design

[edit]
A stern view of RFA Wave Knight at anchor in Plymouth, 2006

Wave Knight has a standard crew of 80 Royal Fleet Auxiliary personnel with provision for a further 22 Royal Navy personnel to conduct helicopter and weapons systems operations.[5] She carries a full medical team and sick bay and is capable of distributing 2,000 emergency relief packages in times of crisis.[10]

The ship has the capability to supply fuel and other liquid cargo to vessels using replenishment rigs on port and starboard beams and through a Hudson reel-type stern rig. When providing support for amphibious operations, Wave Ruler is also able to deliver fuel to dracones positioned alongside. In addition to fuel, the ship carries ammunition and other stores which can be transferred while underway. She can operate a Merlin HM1 helicopter, or other helicopters of similar size, from a hangar and flight deck at the stern.[5]

Operational history

[edit]

2003–2010

[edit]

In October 2004, Wave Knight and the frigate HMS Montrose provided assistance to the stricken Canadian submarine HMCS Chicoutimi, which ran into difficulties 100 miles (160 km) north-west of County Mayo, Ireland after 2,000 litres of seawater entered the vessel due to hatches being left open in the fin. Three of the Chicoutimi's crew were airlifted to hospital in Ireland, one dying en route.[11][12][13]

During 2008 and 2009, Wave Knight was deployed to the Middle East, where she acted as Arabian Gulf Ready Tanker in support of Allied forces, providing fuel and supplies to ships from over eight nations[14][15]

Wave Knight prepares to transfer fuel to the amphibious assault ship USS Bataan during a replenishment at sea.

Between 17 and 21 May 2008, the Wave Knight participated in Exercise KhunjarHaad, a multi-national exercise held in the Gulf of Oman. Other participating warships included the American destroyer USS Russell, the French frigate Surcouf, the British frigate Montrose, and four other coalition ships conducted air defence; surface warfare operation; visit, board, search and seizure; and joint gunnery exercises, which focused on joint interoperability training and proficiency.[16]

On 18 April 2009, Royal Navy personnel operating from Wave Knight in the Gulf of Aden managed to intercept and fend off two pirate attacks involving the vessels Handy Tankers Magic and Front Ardennes using the ship's armament. At 0800, the ship received a distress call from MV Handy Tankers Magic indicating that they were under attack by pirates and requesting assistance. Arriving on the scene, Wave Knight gave chase to the pirate skiff and using its weapons as cover, held it and its 'mother boat' until the Dutch naval vessel HNLMS De Zeven Provincien arrived. 13 hostages were released and the pirates' weapons were destroyed. Within two hours, another distress call was received by Wave Knight from the vessel MV Front Ardennes, also under attack by pirates. Arriving to give support, the ship prevented the pirates from boarding the tanker, firing warning shots and causing the pirates to flee. With helicopters from the NATO task group ships HMCS Winnipeg and USS Halyburton, Wave Knight gave chase for six hours, until HMCS Winnipeg arrived, disarming the pirates.[17][18]

The then commanding officer of Wave Knight, Captain Pilling, said:

RFA Wave Knight is a modern replenishment ship designed to be able to support a myriad of coalition maritime operations. Our primary role is refuelling and aviation operations, but we are fully capable of conducting anti-piracy operations in and around the Horn of Africa. We have been on station for over a year providing support to many nations, and we remain committed to helping ensure maritime security.

— Captain Pilling, Royal Navy interview[19]

On 23 October 2009 personnel aboard Wave Knight witnessed the kidnapping by Somali pirates of two British citizens, Paul and Rachel Chandler, from the yacht Lynn Rival. Despite coming to within 15 m of the couple's vessel, they did not intervene for fear of endangering their lives.[20] When giving a speech at Chatham House on 27 November 2009, First Sea Lord Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope made his position on the crew's conduct clear, stating that "They do not appreciate, and I do not like them, being branded cowards".[21]

In 2009–2010, the ship underwent a re-fit in Liverpool. As of February 2011, she was back in service.[citation needed]

Wave Knight at anchor in Plymouth Sound, 2008

2011–present

[edit]

On 25 April 2011, Wave Knight left Portland and joined the COUGAR 11 deployment, the first of the Response Force Task Group deployments, where she is acting as a supply/support ship. The deployment also saw her take part in Exercise Cypriot Lion, off the coast of Cyprus.[9][22]

3 June 2011 saw Wave Knight and the vessels HMS Albion, HMS Sutherland and RFA Fort Rosalie, ordered to break away from the COUGAR 11 deployment and head to the coast of Libya to take part in Operation Unified Protector, the ongoing NATO operation there.[23] By late June the vessels were back on the RFTG tasking, and after passing through the Suez Canal began Operation Red Alligator, a major exercise in the Red Sea with the Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia.[24]

February 2012 saw Wave Knight operating in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden as part of Operation Scimitar Anzac, an anti-piracy operation in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. This international operation included the Royal Navy destroyer Daring, the Royal Australian Navy frigate Parramatta, and the Pakistan Navy's Babur. Wave Knight acted as the replenishment vessel for the ships.[25] She returned to the UK on 16 March 2012 to prepare for a refit period after ten years of operations. During the refit upgrades were made to the ships engine, cabins, and air conditioning systems.[26][27]

In January 2013, Wave Knight departed Portland for a six-month deployment to the Caribbean, where she will act as Atlantic Patrol (North), relieving RFA Argus. She conducted anti-narcotic operations and was on standby to provide humanitarian aid for the 2013 hurricane season On 1 May 2013, Wave Knight was berthed in Miami's Port Government Cut.[27] On 17 June she called into the port of Willemstad, Curaçao at the Otrabanda Megapier.

Wave Knight deployed as part of the COUGAR 14 Response Force Task Group.[28]

In July 2016, Wave Knight relieved HMS Mersey in the Caribbean to begin another stint on Atlantic Patrol Task (North).[29] In February 2017, Wave Knight berthed in Havana, Cuba, for a formal visit[30] while in May she arrived in Bermuda for the 35th America's Cup sailing regatta; the first such regatta held in British waters since the 1860s and the first on the eastern seaboard since 1983.

Wave Knight returned to Portland on 13 July 2017 having been relieved in the Caribbean by RFA Mounts Bay.[31]

In June 2019 she supported ships of the Joint Expeditionary Force for exercise Baltic Protector in the eastern Baltic before heading for Norway for exercise Dynamic Mongoose in July.[32] In August 2019 she deployed to the Persian Gulf for a long-planned deployment to Operation Kipion in the role of KIPION Ready Tanker.[33]

In August 2021, whilst in the Caribbean, Wave Knight, was sent to assist the international aid effort in Haiti following the 2021 Haiti earthquake and Tropical Storm Grace.[34]

Future

[edit]

In June 2018 it was reported by the Brazilian press that the UK MoD had offered to sell one or both of the Wave-class tankers to Brazil.[35] As early as 2010, BAE Systems had proposed providing Brazil with a variant of the Wave-class, tailored to meet the specific aviation, stores and personnel requirements of the Brazilian Navy.[36]

In February 2022, it was reported that the ship would be placed in "extended readiness" (uncrewed reserve).[37]

In June 2023, it was reported by one source that due to manning shortages in the RFA the ship, along with her sister ship Wave Ruler, would be decommissioned and potentially sold abroad.[38] However, in the same month James Cartlidge, the Minister of State, Ministry of Defence, stated that both ships were to be retained in extended readiness until 2028 with the option of potentially reactivating them if required.[39] In November 2024, the newly elected Labour government indicated that both ships would, in fact, be removed from service by March 2025.[40]

Affiliations

[edit]

Wave Knight is affiliated with the following military and civilian organisations, bodies & individuals:[41]

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ "FOI(A) regarding the Royal Navy" (PDF). What do they know?. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  2. ^ "Why has the Royal Navy decommissioned 6 ships in a year?". Navy Lookout. 23 March 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
  3. ^ Jane's Fighting Ships, 2004–2005. Jane's Information Group Limited. p. 817. ISBN 0-7106-2623-1.
  4. ^ "Wave Class Fast Fleet Tankers at the Royal Navy homepage".
  5. ^ a b c d "Wave Class Royal Fleet Auxiliary – Naval Technology". naval-technology.com.
  6. ^ "Royal Navy to equip 19 ships with trainable decoy launchers". Navy Lookout. 29 April 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
  7. ^ "In focus: the 50 cal heavy machine gun in Royal Navy service". Navy Lookout. 5 May 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  8. ^ "RFA Wave Ruler". Flickr. 11 November 2010.
  9. ^ a b "Tanker key to Royal Navy's Med and Middle East operations | British Forces News". Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 1 June 2011.
  10. ^ http://www.navynews.co.uk/news/1251-lynx-flies-the-atlantic.aspx [permanent dead link‍]
  11. ^ "Canadian sailor dies in submarine accident". CBC News. 7 October 2004.
  12. ^ Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2007). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems (15th ed.). Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. pp. 77–8. ISBN 978-1-59114-955-2. OCLC 140283156.
  13. ^ "Navy News - News Desk - News - Canadian submarine back in Faslane". Archived from the original on 20 July 2008. Retrieved 2 July 2011.
  14. ^ "News : RFA Wave Knight : Fast Fleet Tankers : RFA Flotilla : Royal Fleet Auxiliary : Operations and Support : Royal Navy". nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 1 October 2010.
  15. ^ "News : RFA Wave Knight : Fast Fleet Tankers : RFA Flotilla : Royal Fleet Auxiliary : Operations and Support : Royal Navy". nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 1 October 2010.
  16. ^ Lt. (j.g.) Courtney Thraen, USN (8 August 2008). "USS Momsen Visits Cyprus". NNS080805-04. USS Momsen Public Affairs. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
  17. ^ "Sailors help foil pirate attacks". Western Morning News. 21 April 2009. Retrieved 9 August 2015. [permanent dead link‍]
  18. ^ "News : RFA Wave Knight : Fast Fleet Tankers : RFA Flotilla : Royal Fleet Auxiliary : Operations and Support : Royal Navy". nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 1 October 2010.
  19. ^ "RFA Wave Knight Disrupts Pirate Attacks". royalnavy.mod.uk. Royal Navy. 1 October 2010. Retrieved 4 June 2011.
  20. ^ "Royal Navy 'watched yacht hijack'". BBC News. 13 November 2009. Retrieved 13 November 2009.
  21. ^ e3 Media Ltd. "Royal Navy". mod.uk.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  22. ^ "Tip-top topping-up gives Cougar extra legs". Archived from the original on 3 July 2011. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
  23. ^ "Zend Framework Default Application". Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2011.
  24. ^ http://www.navynews.co.uk/news/1263-red-hot-cougar-task-group-sharpens-its-teeth-in-saudi-arabia.aspx [permanent dead link‍]
  25. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  26. ^ "RFA Wave Knight comes home 16.03.12". 19 March 2012. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021 – via YouTube.
  27. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  28. ^ "Royal Navy Task Force departs on Cougar 14". mod.uk.
  29. ^ "RFA Wave Knight waves the UK flag in the Caribbean | Royal Navy".
  30. ^ "RFA Wave Knight arrives in Cuba | Royal Navy".
  31. ^ "RFA Tanker Wave Knight returns home after 13 month Atlantic deployment".
  32. ^ "Wave Knight keeps warships in sub hunt". Royal Navy. 12 July 2019.
  33. ^ "MOD update on the UK military presence in the Gulf". UK Ministry of Defence. 16 July 2019.
  34. ^ Knuckey, James (17 August 2021). "Haiti Earthquake: RFA Vessel Heading To Support Aid Effort". BFBS. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
  35. ^ "EXCLUSIVO: Ingleses sondam interesse da MB em um navio-tanque classe 'Wave'". June 2018.
  36. ^ "Technology Transfer Key to BAE Systems' Proposal to the Brazilian Navy".
  37. ^ @NavyLookout (21 February 2022). "NAO report on EP says MoD has decided to place both Wave Class RFA tankers in "extended readiness" saving £79M over…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  38. ^ @NavyLookout (10 June 2023). "@NavyLookout Given crew shortages, it has been decided RFA Wave Ruler and RFA Wave Knight will be permanently decommissioned" (Tweet). Retrieved 10 June 2023 – via Twitter.
  39. ^ Allison, George (17 June 2023). "Wave class tankers to remain in extended readiness to 2028". UK Defence Journal.
  40. ^ Vock, Ido (20 November 2024). "UK to decommission ships, drones and helicopters to save £500m". BBC.
  41. ^ "Royal Navy". Archived from the original on 9 December 2010.
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