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Welcome

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Hello, Terrypeng and welcome to Wikipedia! It appears you are participating in a class project. If you haven't done so already, we encourage you to go through our training for students. Your instructor or professor may wish to set up a course page, if your class doesn't already have one.

Go through our online training for students.

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Drmies (talk) 02:42, 16 February 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Hey Terry, Awesome job thus far. The articles are really good, and we're going to revolutionize this myogenesis wikipedia page.

Paultesoriero9 (talk) 16:25, 14 March 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Hi Terry nice job being the first one to comment on smallman12q's page. Pleusm (talk) 16:34, 14 March 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Myogenesis Project

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Project Topic—Myogenesis

Overview

Myogenesis refers to the process of muscle development. With the integral role that muscles—whether cardiac, smooth, or skeletal—play in the function of many organisms, the study of myogenesis has become a major point of interest in modern biological research. From muscular dystrophy to heart disease, there is a myriad of medical conditions that researchers could potentially better address with increased study and understanding of myogenesis. Unfortunately, the current page for myogenesis (as of February 7th, 2013) relays but a small portion of the findings from myogenic research available on the web. Our goal is to improve both the quantity and quality of information on myogenesis in the Wikipedia community by providing insight from the most reputable, cutting-edge authorities in this field of research. We hope to share a well-constructed, detailed description of myogenesis with all readers in this forum.

Our approach to this project is simple: We aim to provide Wikipedia users with the best possible article by actively seeking the most up-to-date and detailed information from respected sources. Below, we have constructed a summary of the information we intend to include in our project. In addition, we have listed a selection of projected topics to be covered and projected sources to be consulted during our project.

Journal of Clinical Investigation [1]

Regulation of myogenic differentiation is controlled by two pathways, the phosphoinosital 3-kinase/Akt pathway and the Notch/Hes pathway, which work in a collaborative manner to suppress MyoD transcription. The O subfamily of the forkhead proteins (Foxo) play a critical role in regulation of myogenic differentiation as they stabilize the Notch/Hes binding. Research has shown knockout Foxo1 mice, increase MyoD expression, altering distribution of fast-twitch, slow-twitch fibers.

Development 1 [2]

A transcription factor (Tcf4) of connective tissue fibroblasts is involved in the regulation of myogenesis. Specifically it regulates the type of muscle fiber developed and its maturations. Low levels of Tcf4 promote both slow and fast myogenesis, overall promoting the maturation of muscle fiber type. Thereby this shows the close relationship of muscle with connective tissue during the embryonic development.

Development 2 [3]

The Six1 gene of plays a critical role in hypaxial muscle differentiation in myogenesis. In mice lacking this gene sever muscle hypoplasia affected most of the body muscles, specifically hypaxial muscles. Therefore this gene plays a specific role in hypaxial muscle differentiation, distinct from other determinants (Pax3, cMet, Lbx1 or Mox2)

Development 3 [4]

Sim2, a BHLH-Pas transcription factor, inhibits transcription by active repression and displays enhanced expression in ventral limb muscle masses during chick and mouse embryonic development. It accomplishes this by repressing MyoD transcription by binding to the enhancer region, and prevents premature myogenesis.

Nature [5]

Delta1 expression in neural crest cells is necessary for muscle differentiation of the somites, through the Notch signaling pathway. Gain and loss of this ligand in neural crest cells results in delayed or premature myogenesis.

Hindawi Publishing Organization [6]

Skeletal myogenesis depends on the strict regulation of the expression of various gene subsets. bHLH transcription factors like MyoD, Myf5, Myogenin, and Mrf4 are critical to its formation. This specific combination of transcription factors are what cause myblasts differentiating into myotubes.

Stanford Medical School [7]

There are 3 types of proteins produced during myogenesis. Class A proteins are the most abundant and are synthesized continuously throughout myogenesis. Class B proteins are proteins that are initiated during myogenesis and continued throughout development. Class C proteins are those synthesized at specific times during development. Also 3 different forms of actin were identified during myogenesis.

Massachusetts Institute Of Technology [8]

95 alternative splicing events occur during C2C12 differentiation in myogenesis. Therefore alternative splicing is necessary in myogenesis.

Washington University of St. Louis [9]

This source describes the overall process of myogenesis and muscle regeneration. Goes into great detail about all the known genes and proteins that play a role in myogenesis as well as muscle repair. It also goes into detail about the mechanisms involved.

New York University [10]

This source describes the regulatory networks that control myogenic differentiation. It discusses the MyoD and the transcription factors that it works combinatorial with. It also describes skeletal muscle regeneration.

  1. National Center for Biotechnology Information [11]
  2. Journal of Clinical Investigation [12]
  3. Development 1 [13]
  4. Development 2 [14]
  5. Development 3 [15]
  6. Nature [16]
  7. Hindawi Publishing Organization [17]
  8. Harvard Medical School [18]
  9. Stanford Medical School [19]
  10. Massachusetts Institute Of Technology [20]
  11. Washington University of St. Louis [21]
  12. New York University [22]
  13. University of Texas [23]

Projected Topics

  1. Skeletal Muscle Myogenesis
  2. Cardiac Muscle Myogenesis
  3. Smooth Muscle Myogenesis
  4. Myogenesis Transcription Factors
  5. Molecular Regulation of Myogenesis
  6. Myogenic Differentiation
  7. Protein Synthesis and Actin Heterogeneity in Myogenesis
  8. Modern and Popular Research Techniques in Myogenesis
  9. Common Complications in Myogenesis
  10. Correlations Between Muscle Failures/Defects and Complications in Myogenesis.

Projected Sources

  1. National Center for Biotechnology Information
  2. The Journal of Clinical Investigation
  3. Development
  4. Nature
  5. Hindawi Publishing Organization
  6. Harvard Medical School
  7. Stanford Medical School
  8. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  9. Washington University in St. Louis
  10. New York University
  11. University of Texas

References

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  1. ^ Kitamura, Tadahiro (4 September 2007). "A Foxo/Notch pathway controls myogenic differentiation and fiber type specification". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 117 (9): 2477–2485. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ Mathew, Sam J. (15 January 2011). "Connective tissue fibroblasts and Tcf4 regulate myogenesis". Development. 138: 371–384. Retrieved 14 March 2013. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Laclef, Christine (14 February 2003). "Altered myogenesis in Six1-deficient mice". Development. 130: 2239–2252. Retrieved 14 March 2013. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ Havis, Emmanuelle (3/16/2012). "Development and Stem Cells". Development. 139 (7): 1910–1920. doi:10.1242/dev.072561. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  5. ^ Rios, Anne (6/15/2011). "Neural crest regulates myogenesis through the transient activation of NOTCH". Nature. 473: 532–535. doi:10.1038/nature09970. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  6. ^ Ito, Yoshiaki. "A Systems Approach and Skeletal Myogenesis". International Journal of Genomics. Hindawi Publishing Organization. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
  7. ^ Harovltch, Sharon. "Myogenesis in primary cell cultures from Drosophila melanogaster: protein synthesis and actin heterogeneity during development". Pubmed. 197B by MIT. Retrieved 3/14/13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  8. ^ Bland, C.S (2010-07). "Global regulation of alternative splicing during myogenic differentiation". Nucleic Acids Research. 38 (21): 7651–7664. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq614. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  9. ^ Pestronk, Alan. "Myogenesis & Muscle Regeneration". WU Neuromuscular. Washington University. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  10. ^ Dynlacht, Brian. "Deciphering the Transcriptional Regulatory Networks Controlling Myogenesis". Dynlacht lab. NYU. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  11. ^ Maroto, M (1997 Apr 4). "Ectopic Pax-3 activates MyoD and Myf-5 expression in embryonic mesoderm and neural tissue". Cell. 89: 139–148. PMID 9094722. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); Text "cite journal" ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  12. ^ Kitamura, Tadahiro (4 September 2007). "A Foxo/Notch pathway controls myogenic differentiation and fiber type specification". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 117 (9): 2477–2485. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ Mathew, Sam J. (15 January 2011). "Connective tissue fibroblasts and Tcf4 regulate myogenesis". Development. 138: 371–384. Retrieved 14 March 2013. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Laclef, Christine (14 February 2003). "Altered myogenesis in Six1-deficient mice". Development. 130: 2239–2252. Retrieved 14 March 2013. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ Havis, Emmanuelle (3/16/2012). "Development and Stem Cells". Development. 139 (7): 1910–1920. doi:10.1242/dev.072561. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  16. ^ Rios, Anne (6/15/2011). "Neural crest regulates myogenesis through the transient activation of NOTCH". Nature. 473: 532–535. doi:10.1038/nature09970. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  17. ^ Ito, Yoshiaki. "A Systems Approach and Skeletal Myogenesis". International Journal of Genomics. Hindawi Publishing Organization. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
  18. ^ Baylies, Mary. "Invertebrate Myogenesis: looking back to the future of muscle development". Pubmed. Elsevier Science Limited. Retrieved 3/14/13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  19. ^ Harovltch, Sharon. "Myogenesis in primary cell cultures from Drosophila melanogaster: protein synthesis and actin heterogeneity during development". Pubmed. 197B by MIT. Retrieved 3/14/13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  20. ^ Bland, C.S (2010-07). "Global regulation of alternative splicing during myogenic differentiation". Nucleic Acids Research. 38 (21): 7651–7664. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq614. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  21. ^ Pestronk, Alan. "Myogenesis & Muscle Regeneration". WU Neuromuscular. Washington University. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  22. ^ Dynlacht, Brian. "Deciphering the Transcriptional Regulatory Networks Controlling Myogenesis". Dynlacht lab. NYU. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  23. ^ Lu, Jianrong. "Regulation of skeletal myogenesis by association of the MEF2 transcription factor with class II histone deacetylases". Pubmed. Cell Press. Retrieved 3/16/13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

Help us improve the Wikipedia Education Program

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Hi TheRealTPng! As a student editor on Wikipedia, you have a lot of valuable experience about what it's like to edit as a part of a classroom assignment. In order to help other students like you enjoy editing while contributing positively to Wikipedia, it's extremely helpful to hear from real student editors about their challenges, successes, and support needs. Please take a few minutes to answer these questions by clicking below. (Note that the responses are posted to a public wiki page.) Thanks!


Delivered on behalf of User:Sage Ross (WMF), 16:35, 10 April 2013 (UTC)[reply]

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