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User:Wojciech.pospula/sandbox/City Defence Walls of Kraków

Coordinates: 50°03′53″N 19°56′32″W / 50.06475°N 19.94222°W / 50.06475; -19.94222
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City Defence Walls of Kraków
Historical Museum of the City of Kraków City Defence Walls of Kraków
Branch of The Historical Museum of the City of Kraków
Map
Established
LocationKraków, Poland
Coordinates50°03′53″N 19°56′32″W / 50.06475°N 19.94222°W / 50.06475; -19.94222
Type
Collection size
Visitors
ManagerMalgorzata Niechaj
DirectorPL:Michal Niezabitowski
CuratorMalgorzata Niechaj
Public transit accessPL:Miejskie Przedsiebiorstwo Komunikacyjne w Krakowie how to get there, see external links
Websitehttp://www.mhk.pl/branches/city-defence-walls

The first information about Krakow’s defensive system comes from the times of reign of Leszek the Black (1279-1288). Moat with wooden fortifications (their construction began from the north side of the City) were protecting from enemy attacks. Further expansion of the baileys and strengthening works were during the reign of PL:Waclaw II (1291-1305) when the fortifications were started to be built from stone.

Masonry gates like: the Butcher's Gate (Rzezników), the Goldsmiths’ Gate (Grodzka), the St. Florian's Gate, The Coppersmiths’ Gate (Wislna), the Tailors’ Gate (Slawkowska), the Butcher's Gate (Mikolajska), the Leather-dressers’ Gate (Szewska) and later the Bakers’ Gate (Nowa) were built at this time. Afterwards gates were joined with high and thick wall.

In the early 14th century masonry fortifications walled in whole the founded city. The baileys were widened for the just reconstructed fortifications of the ancient suburbia on the north side of the Wawel Castle hill during the reign of the Casimir III the Great (1333-1370).

In 1806 Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, the Austrian emperor’s, decided to demolish all of Krakow’s baileys. They were being taken down between 1810 – 1814 and in the first years of the Intependent City of Kraków. The St. Florian Baileys survived only thanks to strong intervention of architect, professor of the Jagiellonian University and senator of the Independent City of Krakow - PL:Feliks Radwanski (1756–1826).

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  • The Pasmonik Tower - far view
    The Pasmonik Tower - far view
  • The Pasmonik Tower
    The Pasmonik Tower
  • City defensive walls
    City defensive walls

References

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