User:Aidepikiw3000/Puberty blocker/Bibliography

Bibliography

This is where you will compile the bibliography for your Wikipedia assignment. Please refer to the following resources for help:

Bibliography

[no author listed?] "Puberty-Blocker Trend Lacks Body of Evidence." Weekend Australian, Feb 01, 2020, pp. 17. ProQuest, http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2348818577%3Faccountid%3D11091.

Summary: The use of puberty blockers is increasing in the US and in the UK. States in the US are attempting to ban puberty blockers, and, in Britain, the use of puberty blockers is being questioned in the High Court. Puberty blockers are controversial, and maybe they are given too freely without considering the negative effects.
- Use: I would use this article to represent that the use of puberty blockers is controversial from numerous cultural perspectives and their use is often challenged today. I would also use this to represent the opposition to the prevalence of administering puberty blockers in the youth.

[no author listed?] “Children Not Able to Give 'Proper' Consent to Puberty Blockers, Court Told.” BBC News, BBC, 7 Oct. 2020, www.bbc.com/news/uk-54450273.

Summary: Details the case that was brought to the High Court (look up) in Britain over the use of puberty blockers in the youth, specifically concerned with informed consent of minors and what that really means.
- Use: I would use this to further convey the opposition to the use of puberty blockers in England; gather background information on the high court case; and to raise the issue of informed consent from the side of opposition to puberty blockers in youth.

Ashley, Florence. “Puberty Blockers Are Necessary, but They Don’t Prevent Homelessness: Caring for Transgender Youth by Supporting Unsupportive Parents.” American Journal of Bioethics, vol. 19, no. 2, Feb. 2019, pp. 87–89. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/15265161.2018.1557277, http://web.b.ebscohost.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=5f60ecd8-866e-4e78-8f92-d08d5a9cda8f%40pdc-v-sessmgr06&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHVpZCZzaXRlPWVob3N0LWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=134830059&db=aph

Summary: The author wants to mitigate conflict between parents and children with gender dysphoria. She proposes counseling and also promotes access to puberty blockers for minors without parental approval.
- Use: This would be helpful in showing the promotion of the use of and access to puberty blockers. I would note that the absence of parental approval (i.e. legislation that promotes the use of puberty blockers) could potentially mitigate adverse family conditions.

Bannerman, Lucy. "Trans Puberty Blockers Investigated." The Times, Jul 27, 2019, pp. 15. ProQuest, http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2264564922%3Faccountid%3D11091.

Summary: The article challenges the ethicacy of puberty blockers on the youth. Bannerman challenges the unknown long term effects on the brain, and challenges the efficacy of children who use cross-sex hormones following their use of puberty blockers that make them infertile by the age of 16. She notes a quote: “an unregulated live experiment on children” by Carl Heneghan of Oxford University (maybe worth looking into his work).
- Use: This article would be useful for representing opposition to the use of puberty blockers on the grounds of efficacy and potential for long term negative effects. Bannerman concentrates on the unresearched nature of puberty blockers, which would be a good point of opposition to note.

Biggs, M. Puberty Blockers and Suicidality in Adolescents Suffering from Gender Dysphoria. Arch Sex Behav 49, 2227–2229 (2020). https://link-springer-com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/article/10.1007/s10508-020-01743-6#citeas

Summary: Biggs challenges the validity of a study that showed a correlation between the use of puberty blockers and a lower consideration of suicide. He establishes many flaws in the argument (e.g. the study found that most of the people reporting to have taken puberty blockers, did so after turning 18, which is much later than when recommended). There was also the issue of the assumption that puberty blockers were widely available at the time of the study in the US which was not the case.
- Use: First, establish the link between lower consideration of suicide and the use of puberty blockers, then, establish that this claim has been refuted. Present both sides of this claim.

Butler, Gary, Bernadette Wren, and Polly Carmichael. "Puberty Blocking in Gender Dysphoria: Suitable for all?" Archives of Disease in Childhood, vol. 104, no. 6, 2019, pp. 509. ProQuest, http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2226680487%3Faccountid%3D11091, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-315984.

Summary: The article explains that the costs and benefits of puberty are carefully weighed when deciding whether or not to administer them. The article establishes that puberty blockers are indeed reversible and disagrees with the immediate use of cross-sex hormone treatment. The article explains that, at least at this particular institution, puberty blockers are only used after extensive analysis and consent procedures so that the use of puberty blockers will do more good than harm (if any harm is actually done).
- Use: I will use this source to establish the extensiveness to which issues of consent and analysis are undertaken before the prescription of puberty blockers. I will also use this to further represent the idea that is held by many in the medical community: puberty blockers and their effects can be much more beneficial than a lack of puberty blockers for many individuals.

Cohen, Deborah, and Hannah Barnes. "Gender Dysphoria in Children: Puberty Blockers Study Draws further Criticism." BMJ : British Medical Journal (Online), vol. 366, 2019. ProQuest, http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2294888940%3Faccountid%3D11091, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l5647.

Summary: The article discusses the issue of informed consent and its shortcomings in a particular study. The article goes on to address the increased likelihood of surgical transition following the use of puberty blockers. The use of puberty blockers is typically to provide more of a decision making period to people with gender dysphoria, but the article author’s show concern over studies that show every individual who used puberty blockers went on to undergo surgical transitions, indicating that the use of puberty blockers may actually increase the likelihood of going through with surgical transitions.
- Use: This article will be helpful in representing the issue of informed consent and the opposition to puberty blockers (in at least certain study conditions) on the grounds of ethicacy. This will also be useful in representing the concern that puberty blockers ensure that a child will go on to get transitional surgery.

Groves, Stephen. “Ban on Treatments for Transgender Kids Fails in South Dakota.” AP NEWS, Associated Press, 10 Feb. 2020, apnews.com/article/2b4a8263d92caef3b6a645e26d0e3361.

Summary: A proposal to prohibit the use of puberty blockers and gender confirmation surgery on children under 16 was voted against in South Dakota. Many other state legislatures also pushed for similar proposals.
- Use: This will be helpful in showing that the issue is controversial in general; it will be useful to note that legislation to limit the use of puberty blockers has indeed at least been voted on.

Guido Giovanardi, “Buying time or arresting development? The dilemma of administering hormone blockers in trans children and adolescents,” Porto Biomedical Journal, vol. 2, Issue 5, 2017, pp 153-156, ISSN 2444-8664, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbj.2017.06.001. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2444866417301101)

Summary: The article presents opposition to and support for puberty blockers. The article lists numerous medical and analytical issues with puberty suppression.
- Use: this article will be very useful in substantiating the existence of the debate. The article lists multiple difficulties associated with puberty suppression which are very helpful points of opposition for trying to represent the side that opposes the use of puberty blockers in youth.

Richards, Christopher, Julie Maxwell, and Noel McCune. "Use of Puberty Blockers for Gender Dysphoria: A Momentous Step in the Dark." Archives of Disease in Childhood, vol. 104, no. 6, 2019, pp. 611. ProQuest, http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F2226680755%3Faccountid%3D11091, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-315881.

Summary: The article references the same study in Cohen to posit that the use of puberty blockers increases a person’s desire to identify with a gender opposite of their birth gender. The article also challenges the effects of puberty blockers on mental development. Finally, the article questions the use of puberty blockers on the grounds of a lack of research.
- Use: Again, this article will be useful in representing the opposition to puberty blockers, specifically in regard to the increased likelihood of identifying with non-birth gender. The article also further supports that the lack of research on puberty blockers should inhibit their use.