1792–93 United States House of Representatives elections
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All 105 seats in the United States House of Representatives 53 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Results: Pro-Administration hold Pro-Administration gain Anti-Administration hold Anti-Administration gain Undistricted territory | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1792–93 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 27, 1792, and September 6, 1793. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 3rd United States Congress convened on December 2, 1793. With the addition of the new state of Kentucky's representatives, and the congressional reapportionment based on the 1790 United States census, the size of the House increased to 105 seats.
They coincided with the re-election of President George Washington. While Washington ran for president as an independent, his followers (more specifically, the supporters of Alexander Hamilton) formed the nation's first organized political party, the Federalist Party, whose members and sympathizers are identified as pro-Administration on this page. In response, followers of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison created the opposition Democratic-Republican Party, who are identified as anti-Administration on this page. The Federalists promoted urbanization, industrialization, mercantilism, centralized government, and a broad interpretation of the United States Constitution. In contrast, Democratic-Republicans supported the ideal of an agrarian republic made up of self-sufficient farmers and small, localized governments with limited power.
Despite nearly unanimous support for Washington as a presidential candidate, Jeffersonian ideas edged out Hamiltonian principles at the ballot box for congressional candidates, with the Democratic-Republicans taking 24 seats more than they had prior to the organization of their political movement. Most of the increase was due to the addition of new seats in Western regions as a result of the 1790 census. Dominated by agrarian culture, these Western territories offered strong support to Democratic-Republican congressional candidates. As a result, they secured a thin majority in the legislature.
Election summaries
[edit]In this period, each state fixed its own date for its congressional election as early as August 1792 (in New Hampshire and Rhode Island) and as late as September 1793 (in Kentucky). In some states, the congressional delegation was not elected until after the legal start of the Congress (on the 4th day of March in the odd-numbered year), but as the first session of Congress typically began in November or December, the elections took place before Congress actually met. The 3rd Congress first met on December 2, 1793.
These were the first elections held after reapportionment following the first census. Thirty-six new seats were added,[4] with 1 state losing 1 seat, 3 states having no change, and the remaining 11 states gaining between 1 and 9 seats. This was the first apportionment based on actual census data, the apportionment for the 1st and 2nd Congresses being set by the Constitution using estimated populations.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/3rd_Congress_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/440px-3rd_Congress_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png)
54 | 51 |
Anti-Administration | Pro-Administration |
State | Type | Date | Total seats |
Anti- Administration |
Pro-Administration | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
General elections | ||||||||
New Hampshire | At-large | August 27, 1792 | 4 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Rhode Island | At-large | August 28, 1792 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
Connecticut | At-large | September 17, 1792 | 7 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
7 | ![]() |
Georgia | At-large | October 1, 1792 | 2 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Maryland | Districts | October 1, 1792 | 8 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
Delaware | At-large | October 2, 1792 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
New Jersey | At-large | October 9, 1792 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
5 | ![]() |
Pennsylvania | At-large | October 9, 1792 | 13 | ![]() |
8 | ![]() |
5 | ![]() |
Massachusetts | Mixed | November 2, 1792[b] | 14 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
11 | ![]() |
New York | Districts | January 2, 1793 | 10 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
7 | ![]() |
Vermont | Districts | January 7, 1793[c] | 2 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
South Carolina | Districts | February 5, 1793 | 6 | ![]() |
5 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
North Carolina | Districts | February 15, 1793 | 10 | ![]() |
9 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Late elections (after the March 4, 1793 beginning of the 3rd Congress) | ||||||||
Virginia | Districts | March 18, 1793 | 19 | ![]() |
15 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
Kentucky | Districts | September 6, 1793 | 2 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Total | 105 | ![]() |
54 51.4% |
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51 48.6% |
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Change in composition
[edit]End of the 2nd Congress
[edit]With new seats, due to reapportionment, outlined.
A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | ||||
A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | V | P | P | P |
Majority → | P | ||||||||||||||||||
P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Result of the elections
[edit]A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | ||||||||
A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
Majority → | A | ||||||||||||||||||
P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | A | A |
P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
Key: |
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Special elections
[edit]There were special elections in 1792 and 1793 during the 2nd and 3rd United States Congresses.
Elections are sorted here by state then district.
2nd Congress
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Kentucky 1 "Southern District" |
Kentucky admitted June 1, 1792. | New member elected September 7, 1792. Anti-Administration gain. Winner seated November 9, 1792.[5] Winner was later re-elected to the next term, see below. |
| ||
Kentucky 2 "Northern District" |
Kentucky admitted June 1, 1792. | New member elected September 7, 1792. Anti-Administration gain. Winner seated November 8, 1792.[5] Winner was later re-elected to the next term, see below. |
| ||
Georgia 1 | Anthony Wayne | Anti-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent disqualified March 21, 1792. New member elected July 9, 1792. Anti-Administration hold. Winner later lost re-election to the next term, see below. |
|
Maryland 2 | Joshua Seney | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent resigned December 6, 1792 to become Chief Justice of Maryland's 3rd Judicial District. New member elected January 7–10, 1793. Pro-Administration gain. Winner was already elected to the next term, see below. |
|
3rd Congress
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut at-large | Jonathan Sturges | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent resigned to become Associate Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court. New member elected April 8, 1793.[e] Pro-Administration hold. |
|
Connecticut at-large | Benjamin Huntington | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Representative-elect resigned. New member elected September 16, 1793. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
Connecticut at-large | Jonathan Ingersoll | Pro-Administration | 1793 (Special) | Representative-elect Ingersoll declined the seat and Representative-elect Mitchell resigned to become U.S. Senator. Two new members elected on a general ticket November 11, 1793. Two Pro-Administration holds. |
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Connecticut at-large | Stephen M. Mitchell | Pro-Administration | 1792 |
Connecticut
[edit]Connecticut gained two seats in reapportionment following the 1790 census.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut at-large 7 seats on a general ticket |
James Hillhouse | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Amasa Learned | Pro-Administration | 1791 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Jonathan Sturges | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Jonathan Trumbull Jr. | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Jeremiah Wadsworth | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. | ||||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
Three special elections followed the 1792 elections in Connecticut after Representatives-elect Sturges and Huntington resigned before the start of Congress and Mitchell was elected to the Senate.
Delaware
[edit]Delaware's apportionment did not change following the 1790 census. As in the 1st and 2nd Congresses, each voter cast votes for two separate candidates, at least one of whom had to be from a different county as the voter.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Delaware at-large | John M. Vining | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration hold. Election was later challenged and overturned.[1] |
|
Georgia
[edit]Following the 1790 census, Georgia's apportionment was decreased from 3 seats to 2 (the only state whose representation decreased after the census). Georgia switched from separate districts to at-large seats.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Georgia at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Abraham Baldwin Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
John Milledge Redistricted from the 1st district |
Anti-Administration | 1792 (Special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration hold. | ||
Francis Willis Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Anti-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration loss. |
Kentucky
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Kentucky 1 "Southern District" |
Christopher Greenup | Anti-Administration | 1792 (New state) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky 2 "Northern district" |
Alexander D. Orr | Anti-Administration | 1792 (New state) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland
[edit]Maryland increased from 6 to 8 representatives after the 1790 census. The previous mixed district/at-large system was replaced with a conventional district system.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maryland 1 | Philip Key | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
Maryland 2 | John Francis Mercer Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Anti-Administration | 1791 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland 3 | None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
| ||
Maryland 4 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Maryland 5 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Maryland 6 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Maryland 7 | Joshua Seney Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. Incumbent then resigned December 6, 1792 to become Chief Justice of Maryland's 3rd Judicial District. Winner was then also elected to finish the term, see above. |
|
Maryland 8 | William V. Murray Redistricted from the 5th district |
Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts
[edit]Following the 1790 census, Massachusetts's representation increased from eight to fourteen Representatives and was redistricted into four plural districts, plus a single at-large district. The 4th district covered the District of Maine (the modern-day State of Maine). The plural districts were concurrent tickets rather than a single general ticket, though the 1st and 2nd districts appeared to have also had a general ticket alongside the more specific tickets.
As before, a majority was required for election, in those districts where a majority was not achieved, additional ballots were required.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 (4 seats) Seat A: At-large |
None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
First ballot (November 2, 1792):
Second ballot (January 14, 1793):
Third ballot (April 1, 1793):
| ||
Massachusetts 1 (4 seats) Seat B: Essex County |
Benjamin Goodhue Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 1 (4 seats) Seat C: Middlesex County |
Elbridge Gerry Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
Massachusetts 1 (4 seats) Seat D: Suffolk County |
Fisher Ames | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 2 (4 seats) Seat A: At-large |
None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
First ballot (November 2, 1792):
Second ballot (January 14, 1793):
Third ballot (April 1, 1793):
| ||
Massachusetts 2 (4 seats) Seat B: Berkshire County |
Theodore Sedgwick Redistricted from the 4th district |
Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 2 (4 seats) Seat C: Hampshire County |
None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
First ballot (November 2, 1792):
Second ballot (January 14, 1793):
Third ballot (April 1, 1793):
| ||
Massachusetts 2 (4 seats) Seat D: Worcester County |
Artemas Ward Redistricted from the 7th district |
Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 3 (2 seats) Seat A: Barnstable, Dukes, & Nantucket Counties |
George Leonard Redistricted from the 6th district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
Massachusetts 3 (2 seats) Seat B: Bristol & Plymouth Counties |
Shearjashub Bourne Redistricted from the 5th district |
Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot (November 2, 1792):
Second ballot (January 14, 1793):
|
Massachusetts 4 (3 seats) District of Maine Seat A: Cumberland County |
None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
First ballot (November 2, 1792):
Second ballot (January 14, 1793):
Third ballot (April 1, 1793):
| ||
Massachusetts 4 (3 seats) District of Maine Seat B: Lincoln, Hancock, & Washington Counties |
None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
First ballot (November 2, 1792):
Second ballot (January 14, 1793):
| ||
Massachusetts 4 (3 seats) District of Maine Seat C: York County |
George Thatcher Redistricted from the 8th district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts at-large | None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
New Hampshire
[edit]New Hampshire increased from 3 seats to 4 seats after the 1790 census.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Hampshire at-large 4 seats on a general ticket |
Jeremiah Smith | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Samuel Livermore | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Retired Anti-Administration gain. | ||
Nicholas Gilman | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
New Jersey
[edit]Following the 1790 census, New Jersey's apportionment increased from 4 to 5 seats.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[g] | |
New Jersey at-large 5 seats on a general ticket |
Elias Boudinot | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Abraham Clark | Pro-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Jonathan Dayton | Pro-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Aaron Kitchell | Pro-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. | ||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
New York
[edit]Due to re-apportionment following the 1790 census, New York's congressional delegation grew from 6 to 10. Three incumbents ran for re-election, two of whom won, and the other three incumbents retired. With the increase following re-apportionment, this left seven open seats.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New York 1 | Thomas Tredwell | Anti-Administration | 1791 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 2 | None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
| ||
New York 3 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
New York 4 | Cornelius C. Schoonmaker | Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
New York 5 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
New York 6 | None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
| ||
New York 7 | None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
| ||
New York 8 | None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
| ||
New York 9 | James Gordon Redistricted from the 6th district |
Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 10 | None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
North Carolina
[edit]Following the 1790 census, North Carolina's apportionment increased from 5 to 10 seats.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
North Carolina 1 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
North Carolina 2 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
North Carolina 3 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
North Carolina 4 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
North Carolina 5 | Nathaniel Macon Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Anti-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina 6 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
North Carolina 7 | William B. Grove Redistricted from the 5th district |
Pro-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina 8 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
North Carolina 9 | John B. Ashe Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration hold. |
|
North Carolina 10 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
|
Pennsylvania
[edit]Pennsylvania switched from using districts to electing its representatives on an at-large basis for the 3rd Congress, just as it had done for the 1st Congress. This would be the last time that Pennsylvania would elect all of its Representatives at-large. Due to re-apportionment following the 1790 census, Pennsylvania's delegation increased from 8 representatives to 13.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[10] | |
Pennsylvania at-large 13 seats on a general ticket |
Thomas Fitzsimons Redistricted from the 1st district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Frederick Muhlenberg Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Israel Jacobs Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Pro-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. | ||
Daniel Hiester Redistricted from the 4th district |
Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
John W. Kittera Redistricted from the 5th district |
Pro-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Andrew Gregg Redistricted from the 6th district |
Anti-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Thomas Hartley Redistricted from the 7th district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
William Findley Redistricted from the 8th district |
Anti-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. | ||||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. | ||||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. | ||||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. | ||||
None (Seat created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
Rhode Island
[edit]Rhode Island gained a second representative from the results of the 1790 census. Rhode Island did not divide itself into districts, but elected two at-large representatives.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Rhode Island at-large 2 seats elected at-large on a general ticket |
Benjamin Bourne | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
None (Seat created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
South Carolina
[edit]South Carolina gained one representative as a result of the 1790 census, increasing from 5 to 6.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | William L. Smith | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Thomas Tudor Tucker Redistricted from the 5th district |
Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent lost re-election. Anti-Administration loss. | ||
South Carolina 2 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
South Carolina 3 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
South Carolina 4 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
South Carolina 5 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
South Carolina 6 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
|
Vermont
[edit]Vermont had no apportionment in the House of Representatives before 1790 census because it was not admitted to the Union until 1791. Vermont's election laws at the time required a majority to win election to the House of Representatives. If no candidate won a majority, a runoff election was held, which happened in the 1st district.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[g] | |
Vermont 1 "Western district" |
Israel Smith | Anti-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot (January 7, 1793):
Second ballot (March 20, 1793):
|
Vermont 2 "Eastern district" |
Nathaniel Niles | Anti-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia
[edit]Virginia gained nine representatives from the 1790 census, and in addition, the old 2nd district was lost after its territory became the new State of Kentucky. There were, therefore, ten new districts created for the 3rd Congress.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 1 | Alexander White | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration gain. |
|
Virginia 2 | Andrew Moore Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 3 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Virginia 4 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. Results subsequently challenged but upheld. |
| ||
Virginia 5 | None (District created) | New seat. Pro-Administration gain. |
| ||
Virginia 6 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Virginia 7 | Abraham B. Venable Redistricted from the 6th district |
Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 8 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Virginia 9 | William B. Giles | Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 10 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Virginia 11 | Josiah Parker Redistricted from the 8th district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected as Pro-Administration. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
Virginia 12 | John Page Redistricted from the 7th district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
Virginia 13 | Samuel Griffin Redistricted from the 10th district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected as Pro-Administration. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
Virginia 14 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Virginia 15 | James Madison Jr. Redistricted from the 5th district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 16 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Virginia 17 | Richard Bland Lee Redistricted from the 4th district |
Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 18 | None (District created) | New seat. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Virginia 19 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Anti-Administration gain. |
|
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Muhlenberg was elected speaker by Anti-Administration Party members but continued to affiliate with the Pro-Administration Party.[2]
- ^ Massachusetts required a majority for election, which led to additional ballots on January 14, 1793 and April 1, 1793.
- ^ Vermont required a majority for election, which led to an additional ballot on March 20, 1793.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data.
- ^ Date given for the start of the term, of the person elected at the special election.[8] In some cases this is clearly wrong as the date of the legal start of the Congress is given, even though the member was elected at a later date.
- ^ a b Party affiliation not given in source
- ^ a b Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed.
- ^ a b Source does not give full name.
- ^ Numbers of votes missing or incomplete in source.
- ^ Four individuals received 1 vote each.
- ^ a b Had been Anti-Administration in the previous election.
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Third Congress (membership roster)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 6, 2014. Retrieved February 1, 2015.
- ^ Jenkins, Jeffrey A. (2013). Fighting for the Speakership: The House and the Rise of Party Government. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University. pp. 26–27.
- ^ a b "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives, 1789 to Present | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ 1 Stat. 253
- ^ a b "Second Congress (membership roster) – see footnotes 12 and 13" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 6, 2013. Retrieved March 8, 2013.
- ^ "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
- ^ "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu. Archived from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
- ^ See Congressional Biographical Directory.
- ^ "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu. Archived from the original on April 12, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
- ^ "Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project" (PDF).
- ^ "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
Bibliography
[edit]- "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Archived from the original on January 29, 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). 1788 United States Congressional Elections-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
[edit]- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)