Jump to content

LGBTQ symbols

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Unicorns in LGBT culture)

Part of the LGBTQ series
LGBTQ symbols
      
Symbols
Pride flags
Part of a series on
LGBTQ topics
      
Sexual orientation and gender
History
General
Identities
Culture
Rights
Health
Social attitudes
Issues
Academic fields and discourse
LGBTQ portal

Over the course of its history, the LGBTQ community has adopted certain symbols for self-identification to demonstrate unity, pride, shared values, and allegiance to one another. These symbols communicate ideas, concepts, and identity both within their communities and to mainstream culture. The two symbols most recognized internationally are the pink triangle and the rainbow flag.[1][2][3]

Letters and glyphs

Gender symbols

Further information on sex and gender symbols: Gender symbol § Sexual orientation and gender politics
Lesbian and gay male interlocked gender sex symbols

The female and male gender symbols are derived from the astronomical symbols for the planets Venus and Mars respectively. Following Linnaeus, biologists use the planetary symbol for Venus to represent the female sex, and the planetary symbol for Mars to represent the male sex.

Two interlocking female symbols (⚢) represent a lesbian or the lesbian community, and two interlocking male symbols (⚣) a gay male or the gay male community.[4][5] These symbols first appeared in the 1970s.[5]

The combined male-female symbol (⚦) is used to represent androgyne or transgender people; when additionally combined with the female (♀) and male (♂) symbols (⚧) it indicates gender inclusivity, though it is also used as a transgender symbol.[6][7]

Lambda

Lower-case lambda

In 1970, graphic designer Tom Doerr selected the lower-case Greek letter lambda (λ) to be the symbol of the New York chapter of the Gay Activists Alliance.[8][9] The alliance's literature states that Doerr chose the symbol specifically for its denotative meaning in the context of chemistry and physics: "a complete exchange of energy–that moment or span of time witness to absolute activity".[8]

The lambda became associated with gay liberation,[10][11] and in December 1974, it was officially declared the international symbol for gay and lesbian rights by the International Gay Rights Congress in Edinburgh, Scotland.[12] The gay rights organization Lambda Legal and the American Lambda Literary Foundation derive their names from this symbol.

Plants and animals

See also: Language of flowers
Green carnation
Sweet flag plant

In 19th century in England, green indicated homosexual affiliations, as popularized by gay author Oscar Wilde, who often wore a green carnation on his lapel.[13][14] According to some interpretations, American poet Walt Whitman used the sweet flag plant to represent homoerotic male love because of its phallic connotations.[15]

Roses have been associated with male love in both ancient Greece and modern Japan.

The term bara (薔薇), "rose" in Japanese, has historically been used in Japan as a pejorative for men who love men, roughly equivalent to the English language term "pansy".[16][17]: 40  Beginning in the 1960s, the term was reappropriated by Japanese gay media: notably with the 1961 anthology Ba-ra-kei: Ordeal by Roses [ja], a collection of semi-nude photographs of homosexual writer Yukio Mishima by photographer Eikoh Hosoe,[17]: 34  and later with Barazoku (薔薇族, lit. "rose tribe") in 1971, the first commercially produced gay magazine in Asia.[18] The use of the rose as a prominent symbol of love between males is supposedly derived from the Greek myth of King Laius having affairs with boys under rose trees.[19] Since the 2000s, bara has been used by non-Japanese audience as an umbrella term to describe a wide variety of Japanese and non-Japanese gay media featuring love and sex between masculine men.[20] The rose is also the sacred flower of Eros,[21] the Greek god of love and sex, and patron of love between men.[22] Eros was responsible for the first rose to sprout on Earth, followed by every flower and herb.[23] Roses are a symbol of pederasty in ancient Greece: handsome boys were metaphorically called roses by their male admirers in homoerotic poems such as those by Solon, Straton, Meleager, Rhianus, and Philostratos.[24]

Animals that lovers gave as gifts to their beloved also became symbols of pederastic love, such as hares, roosters, deer, felines and oxen, as a metaphor for sexual pursuits.[25][26]

Violets, symbol of Sapphic love.

Violets and their color became a special code used by lesbians and bisexual women.[27][28][29] The symbolism of the flower derives from several fragments of poems by Sappho in which she describes a lover wearing garlands or a crown with violets.[30][31] In 1926, the play La Prisonnière by Édouard Bourdet used a bouquet of violets to signify lesbian love.[32] When the play became subject to censorship, many Parisian lesbians wore violets to demonstrate solidarity with its lesbian subject matter.[33]

A white lily, the de facto symbol of the yuri genre

White lilies have been used since the Romantic era of Japanese literature to symbolize beauty and purity in women, and are a de facto symbol of the yuri genre (yuri (百合) translates literally to "lily"),[34] which describes the portrayal of intimate love, sex, or emotional connections between women.[35] The term Yurizoku (百合族, lit. "lily tribe") was coined in 1976 by Ito Bungaku, editor of the gay men's magazine Barazoku (see above), to refer to his female readers.[36][37] While not all those women were lesbians, and it is unclear whether this was the first instance of the term yuri in this context, an association of yuri with lesbianism subsequently developed.[38] In Korea and China, "lily" is used as a semantic loan from the Japanese usage to describe female-female romance media, where each use the direct translation of the term – baekhap (백합) in Korea[39] and bǎihé (百合) in China.[40]

Blåhaj

Small and large variants of Blåhaj, displayed from the bottom (above) and side (below)
See also: Blåhaj § As a cultural phenomenon

The IKEA plush toy shark Blåhaj (stylized BLÅHAJ, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈbloːhaj], lit. 'blue shark'; colloquially anglicised as /ˈblɑːhɑːʒ/, /ˈblɑːhɑː/ or /ˈbloʊhaɪ/) is commonly associated with LGBTQ culture, in particular the transgender community, in part due to being colored similarly to a transgender pride flag.[41] Early origins of this are traced back to around 2020 and in 2021 IKEA ran an ad-campaign to support same-sex marriage in Switzerland featuring the shark.[42]

In response to this popularity, IKEA Canada hosted a giveaway in November 2022, offering transgender people a special edition Blåhaj in the colors of a transgender pride flag, with the winner's name embroidered on its fin.[43]

Lavender rhinoceros

A lavender rhinoceros, a symbol used as a sign of gay visibility.

Daniel Thaxton and Bernie Toale created a lavender rhinoceros symbol for a public ad campaign to increase visibility for gay people in Boston helmed by Gay Media Action-Advertising; Toale said they chose a rhinoceros because "it is a much maligned and misunderstood animal" and that it was lavender because that is a mix of pink and blue, making it a symbolic merger of the feminine and masculine. (Lavender had already been used to represent LGBTQ people in other contexts).[44][45][46] However, in May 1974, Metro Transit Advertising said its lawyers could not "determine eligibility of the public service rate" for the lavender rhinoceros ads, which tripled the cost of the ad campaign. Gay Media Action challenged this but were unsuccessful. The lavender rhinoceros symbol was seen on signs, pins, and t-shirts at the Boston Pride Parade later in 1974, and a life-sized papier-mâché lavender rhinoceros was part of the parade. Money was raised for the ads, and they began running on the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority's Green Line by December 3, 1974, and ran there until February 1975. The lavender rhinoceros continued as a symbol of the gay community, appearing at the 1976 Boston Pride Parade and on a flag that was raised at Boston City Hall in 1987.[47]

Outside of Boston, Theatre Rhinoceros, located in San Francisco, and founded in 1977, based its name on this symbol.[48] Theatre Rhinoceros, also called Theatre Rhino, or The Rhino, is a gay and lesbian theatre.[49] It claims to be the world's longest-running professional queer theatre company.[50] An online bookstore focused on LGBTQ authors and books called "The Lavender Rhino" launched in 2023.[51]

Unicorn

See also: Unicorn

Unicorns have become a symbol of LGBTQ culture due to earlier associations between the animal and rainbows being extended to the rainbow flag created in 1978 by Gilbert Baker.[52]

Alice Fisher of The Guardian wrote in 2017, "The unicorn has also done its bit for the LGBT community in the last century... Rainbows and unicorns are so intrinsically linked (the association is also a Victorian invention) that it's unsurprising that the magic creature started to appear on T-shirts and banners at Gay Pride around the world, with slogans such as 'Gender is Imaginary' or 'Totally Straight' emblazoned under sparkling rainbow unicorns."[53]

Gay Star News said in 2018 that unicorns are the "gay, LGBTI and queer icons of our time".[54]

Other symbols

Symbols of the LGBTQ community have been used to represent members' unity, pride, shared values, and allegiance to one another.

Triangle badges of Nazi Germany

Main articles: Pink triangle and Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany

One of the oldest of these symbols is the downward-pointing pink triangle that male homosexuals, male bisexuals, and transgender women in Nazi concentration camps were required to wear on their clothing. The badge is one of several badges that internees wore to identify what kind of prisoners they were.[55] Many of the estimated 5,000–15,000 gay men imprisoned in concentration camps did not survive.[56] The pink triangle was later reclaimed by gay men, as well as some lesbians, in various political movements as a symbol of personal pride and remembrance.[57][58] AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT-UP) adopted the downward-pointing pink triangle to symbolize the "active fight back" against HIV/AIDS "rather than a passive resignation to fate."[59]

The pink triangle was used exclusively with male prisoners, including transfeminine individuals, as cisgender lesbians were not included under Paragraph 175, a statute which made homosexual acts between males a crime.[60] Lesbian sexual relations were illegal only in Austria and historians differ on whether they were persecuted or not, due to lack of evidence.[61] Some lesbians were imprisoned with a black triangle symbolizing supposed "asociality", this symbol was later reclaimed by postwar lesbians.[58]

  • Pink Triangle The downward-pointing pink triangle used to identify homosexual men and transgender women in the concentration camps.
    Pink Triangle
    The downward-pointing pink triangle used to identify homosexual men and transgender women in the concentration camps.
  • Black Triangle The downward-pointing black triangle used to mark individuals considered "asocial". The category included homosexual women, nonconformists, sex workers, nomads, Romani, and others.
    Black Triangle
    The downward-pointing black triangle used to mark individuals considered "asocial". The category included homosexual women, nonconformists, sex workers, nomads, Romani, and others.
  • Jewish Pink Triangle The downward-pointing pink triangle overlapping a yellow triangle was used to single out male homosexual prisoners who were Jewish.
    Jewish Pink Triangle
    The downward-pointing pink triangle overlapping a yellow triangle was used to single out male homosexual prisoners who were Jewish.

Biangles

The biangles symbol of bisexuality, designed by artist Liz Nania

The biangles symbol of bisexuality was designed by artist Liz Nania, as she co-organized a bisexual contingent for the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights in 1987.[62][63] The design of the biangles began with the pink triangle, a Nazi concentration camp badge that later became a symbol of gay liberation representing homosexuality. The addition of a blue triangle contrasts the pink and represents heterosexuality. The two triangles overlap and form lavender, which represents the "queerness of bisexuality", referencing the Lavender Menace and 1980s and 1990s associations of lavender with queerness.[64]

Michael Page stated that when designing the bisexual flag he took the colors and overlap of the flag from the biangles.[65]

Double crescent moon

The double crescent moon bisexuality symbol, designed by Vivian Wagner

Some bisexual individuals object to the use of a pink triangle in the biangles symbol of bisexuality (see above), as it was a symbol that Adolf Hitler's regime used to tag and persecute homosexuals. In response, a double crescent moon symbol of bisexuality was devised by Vivian Wagner in 1998.[66][67] This symbol is common in Germany and surrounding countries.[67]

Asexual and aromantic symbols

Ace ring, meant to be worn on the right middle finger.

The ace ring, a black ring worn on the middle finger of one's right hand, is a way asexual people signify their asexuality. The ring is deliberately worn in a similar manner as one would a wedding ring to symbolize marriage. Use of the symbol began in 2005.[68][69]

Aro ring, meant to be worn on the left middle finger.

The aro ring, a white ring, worn on the middle finger on one's left hand is a way aromantic people signify their identity on the aromantic spectrum. Use of the symbol began in 2015.[70] This was chosen as the opposite of the ace ring which is a black ring worn on the right hand.[71]

A pin depicting an arrow with the fletching representing the Aromantic Pride flag colors

Another symbol often used by aromantic people is arrows or an arrow as the word arrow is a homophone to the shortened word aro used by aromantic people to refer to themselves.[72]

Ace playing cards representing asexuality

Ace playing cards, due to the phonetic shortening from asexual to ace, are sometimes used to represent asexuality. The ace of hearts and ace of spades are used to symbolize romantic asexuality and aromantic asexuality respectively.[73] Likewise, the ace of clubs is used to symbolize gray asexuality and grayromanticism, and the ace of diamonds is used to symbolize demiromanticism and demisexuality.[74]

  • An ace of hearts used to symbolize romantic asexuality; note that it is colored like the asexual flag except for the red, and that red and hearts are traditional symbols of romance.
    An ace of hearts used to symbolize romantic asexuality; note that it is colored like the asexual flag except for the red, and that red and hearts are traditional symbols of romance.
  • An ace of spades used to symbolize aromantic asexuality; note that it is colored like the aromantic flag.
    An ace of spades used to symbolize aromantic asexuality; note that it is colored like the aromantic flag.
  • An ace of clubs used to symbolize gray asexuality and grayromanticism; note that it is colored like the graysexual flag and has gray hearts to symbolize grayromanticism, hearts being a traditional symbol of romance.
    An ace of clubs used to symbolize gray asexuality and grayromanticism; note that it is colored like the graysexual flag and has gray hearts to symbolize grayromanticism, hearts being a traditional symbol of romance.
  • An ace of diamonds used to symbolize demiromanticism and demisexuality; note that it is colored like the demisexual flag, and has hearts as a symbol of romance but not red like a traditional romantic symbol, symbolizing demiromanticism.
    An ace of diamonds used to symbolize demiromanticism and demisexuality; note that it is colored like the demisexual flag, and has hearts as a symbol of romance but not red like a traditional romantic symbol, symbolizing demiromanticism.

Freedom Rings

Freedom Rings on a keychain

Freedom Rings, designed by David Spada in 1991, are six aluminum rings, each in one of the colors of the rainbow flag. These rings are worn by themselves or as part of necklaces, bracelets, and keychains.[75] They are a symbol of gay pride, and were originally sold as a fundraiser for the 1991 San Francisco Gay Freedom Day Parade and quickly became a national trend. In June 1992, several of MTV's on-air hosts wore Freedom Rings in recognition of Pride Month, elevating their visibility.[76][77] They are sometimes referred to as "Fruit Loops".[78]

Gaysper

Main article: Gaysper
Gaysper

Gaysper is an LGBTQ symbol based on the ghost emoji (U+1F47B, "👻") of Android 5.0. It is a modification of the original icon that uses a background with the colors of the rainbow flag. It became popular in Spain from April 2019 following a tweet posted on the official account of the populist far-right party Vox, after which a multitude of users belonging to the LGBTQ movement began to use it as a symbol.[79][80] The icon has established itself as an example of the phenomenon of reappropriation of elements of the anti-LGBTQ discourse in contemporary society through social networks.[81][82] Other versions derived from the original symbol involving other flags belonging to the LGBTQ community, such as the transgender flag, or the bisexual flag, have also become popular.[81][83][84]

Handkerchief code

Main article: Handkerchief code
Two men wearing colored in the back pockets of their clothes
Two men using the hanky code

In the 1970s, the modern handkerchief (or hanky) code emerged in the form of bandanas, worn in back pockets, in colors that signaled sexual interests, fetishes, and if the wearer was a "top" or "bottom".[85][86] It was popular among the gay leather community of the United States[87] and the cruising scene more broadly.

High five

There are many origin stories of the high five,[88] but the two most documented candidates are Dusty Baker and Glenn Burke of the Los Angeles Dodgers professional baseball team on October 2, 1977, and Wiley Brown and Derek Smith of the Louisville Cardinals men's basketball team during the 1978–1979 season.[89][90] After retiring from baseball, Burke, who was one of the first openly gay professional athletes, used the high five with other gay residents of the Castro district of San Francisco, and it became a symbol of gay pride.[89]

Lesbian manicure

Main article: Queer manicure

A lesbian manicure (also known as queer manicure, lez nails, or femmicure)[a] is a style or trend of manicure intended to allow lesbians and other queer people in the LGBTQ community to safely and easily perform digital penetration during sex. The most distinct and modern form of the manicure entails long nail extensions on every finger apart from the index finger, middle finger, and sometimes thumb of the dominant hand, thus preventing injury or discomfort to the vulva or vagina during intercourse while otherwise maintaining the fashion of long acrylic nails in one's daily life. The style is often seen as a public expression or symbol of lesbian identity, particularly on the femme side of the femme-butch spectrum.[91]

Purple hand

A purple hand symbol created in 2024

On October 31, 1969, sixty members of the Gay Liberation Front, the Committee for Homosexual Freedom (CHF), and the Gay Guerilla Theatre group staged a protest outside the offices of the San Francisco Examiner in response to a series of news articles disparaging people in San Francisco's gay bars and clubs.[92][93] The peaceful protest against the Examiner turned tumultuous and was later called "Friday of the Purple Hand" and "Bloody Friday of the Purple Hand".[92][94][95][96] Examiner employees "dumped a barrel of printers' ink on the crowd from the roof of the newspaper building", according to glbtq.com.[97] Some reports state that it was a barrel of ink poured from the roof of the building.[98] The protestors "used the ink to scrawl slogans on the building walls" and slap purple hand prints "throughout downtown [San Francisco]" resulting in "one of the most visible demonstrations of gay power" according to the Bay Area Reporter.[92][95][94] According to Larry LittleJohn, then president of Society for Individual Rights, "At that point, the tactical squad arrived — not to get the employees who dumped the ink, but to arrest the demonstrators. Somebody could have been hurt if that ink had gotten into their eyes, but the police were knocking people to the ground."[92] The accounts of police brutality include women being thrown to the ground and protesters' teeth being knocked out.[92][99] Inspired by Black Hand extortion methods of Camorra gangsters and the Mafia,[100] some gay and lesbian activists attempted to institute "purple hand" as a symbol against anti-gay attacks, but the symbol was only briefly used.[101][102] In Turkey, the LGBTQ rights organization MorEl Eskişehir LGBTT Oluşumu (Purple Hand Eskişehir LGBT Formation) bears the name of this symbol.[103]

White knot

A white knot

The white knot is a symbol of support for same-sex marriage in the United States. The white knot combines two symbols of marriage, the color white and "tying the knot," to represent support for same-sex marriage.[104] The white knot has been worn publicly by many celebrities as a means of demonstrating solidarity with that cause.[105]

The white knot was created by Frank Voci in November 2008, in response to the passage of Proposition 8 in California and bans on same-sex marriage and denial of other civil rights for LGBTQ persons across the nation.[106]

Flags

Created in 1978, the rainbow flag is the most commonly used pride flag.[107][108]
A rainbow flag flying.
This paragraph is an excerpt from Pride flag.[edit]

A pride flag is any flag that represents a segment or part of the LGBTQ community. Pride in this case refers to the notion of LGBTQ pride. The terms LGBTQ flag and queer flag are often used interchangeably.[109]

Pride flags can represent various sexual orientations, romantic orientations, gender identities, subcultures, and regional purposes, as well as the LGBTQ community as a whole. There are also some pride flags that are not exclusively related to LGBTQ matters, such as the flag for leather subculture. The rainbow flag, which represents the entire LGBTQ community, is the most widely used pride flag.

Numerous communities have embraced distinct flags, with a majority drawing inspiration from the rainbow flag. These flags are often created by amateur designers and later gain traction online or within affiliated organizations, ultimately attaining a semi-official status as a symbolic representation of the community. Typically, these flags incorporate a range of colors that symbolize different aspects of the associated communities.

Symbols

Simple icons

Flags

This section is an excerpt from Pride flag § Gallery.[edit]

Sexual orientation–based flags

Romantic attraction–based flags

Gender identity–based flags

Other flags

Location-based flags

Encoding

This table contains special characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.
For information on entering these symbols in a document, see Unicode input.
The meanings given here are those formally associated with the symbol in Unicode. They may be used with other meanings elsewhere. See also Gender symbols#Encoding.
Unicode name[180] symbol hex dec Associated wording[180]
MERCURY ☿ U+263F ☿ Intersexuality.
DOUBLED FEMALE SIGN ⚢ U+26A2 ⚢ Female homosexuality.
DOUBLED MALE SIGN ⚣ U+26A3 ⚣ Male homosexuality.
INTERLOCKED MALE AND FEMALE SIGN ⚤ U+26A4 ⚤ Heterosexuality.
MALE AND FEMALE SIGN ⚥ U+26A5 ⚥ Intersex, androgynous.
Hermaphroditic (in botany).
MALE WITH STROKE SIGN ⚦ U+26A6 ⚦ Transgender.
MALE WITH STROKE AND MALE AND FEMALE SIGN ⚧ U+26A7 ⚧ Transgender.
VERTICAL MALE WITH STROKE SIGN ⚨ U+26A8 ⚨ (no wording for gender)
NEUTER ⚲ U+26B2 ⚲ (subheading as a gender symbol)
MEDIUM WHITE CIRCLE ⚪︎ U+26AA ⚪ Asexuality, sexless, genderless.
Base for male or female sign.[b]

Many of these symbols have unrelated meanings in other fields, notably as alchemical symbols and planetary symbols.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ From the LGBTQ slang terms queer, lez, and femme respectively.
  2. ^ Also used as synonym of U+26AC MEDIUM SMALL WHITE CIRCLE (⚬) Engaged, betrothed (genealogy), wedding ring. Cf. also U+25CB WHITE CIRCLE (○), female in genealogies and pedigrees.

References

  1. ^ LACDMH (2022-06-16). "A Brief History of Our LGBTQIA2-S Pride Flag". Department of Mental Health. Archived from the original on 2024-01-15. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  2. ^ "SafeZones@SDSU | LGBT Symbols | SDSU | SDSU". newscenter.sdsu.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  3. ^ "Eastern Illinois University :: Center For Gender and Sexual Diversity - (Page Desc)". www.eiu.edu. Archived from the original on 2024-04-07. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  4. ^ Stevens, Christy (November 30, 1999). "Symbols". In Zimmerman, Bonnie (ed.). Encyclopedia of Lesbian Histories and Cultures. New York: Garland Publishing. pp. 747–748. doi:10.4324/9780203825532. ISBN 9780203825532.
  5. ^ a b "Symbols of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Movements". lambda.org. LAMBDA GLBT Community Services. December 26, 2004. Archived from the original on December 30, 2005. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  6. ^ "Transgender Symbol". GenderTalk. July 1994. Archived from the original on 2018-11-14. Retrieved 2018-11-13.
  7. ^ "History of Transgender Symbolism". International Transgender Historical Society (ITHS). 2015. Archived from the original on 2021-06-01. Retrieved 2018-11-13.
  8. ^ a b Rapp, Linda (2004). "Gay Activists Alliance" (PDF). glbtq.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-06-01. Retrieved 2016-05-07.
  9. ^ "1969, The Year of Gay Liberation". The New York Public Library. June 2009. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2018.
  10. ^ Goodwin, Joseph P. (1989). "It Takes One to Know One". More Man Than You'll Ever Be: Gay Folklore and Acculturation in Middle America. Indiana University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-0253338938.
  11. ^ Rapp, Linda (2003). "Symbols" (PDF). glbtq.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-08. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  12. ^ Haggerty, George E., ed. (2000). Gay Histories and Cultures: An Encyclopedia (Encyclopedia of Gay Histories and Cultures, Volume II) (1 ed.). London: Garland Publishing. p. 529. ISBN 0-8153-1880-4. OCLC Number: 750790369
  13. ^ Stetz, Margaret D. (Winter 2000). Oscar Wilde at the Movies: British Sexual Politics and The Green Carnation (1960) Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine; Biography – Volume 23, Number 1, Winter 2000, pp. 90–107. Retrieved 14 June 2010.
  14. ^ Curiosities of Literature by John Sutherland (2011, ISBN 1-61608-074-4), pp. 73-76.
  15. ^ Herrero-Brasas, Juan A. (2010). Walt Whitman's Mystical Ethics of Comradeship: Homosexuality and the Marginality of Friendship at the Crossroads of Modernity. SUNY. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-4384-3011-9.
  16. ^ Kolbeins, Graham (November 8, 2014). "Is 'Bara' Problematic?". Gay Manga!. Archived from the original on December 4, 2018. Retrieved October 8, 2018.
  17. ^ a b Ishii, Anne; Kidd, Chip; Kolbeins, Graham, eds. (2014). Massive: Gay Erotic Manga and the Men who Make it. Fantagraphics. ISBN 9781606997857.
  18. ^ Lewis, Leo; Teeman, Tim (October 12, 2004). "Voice of gay Japan falls silent after 30 years in the pink". The Times. Archived from the original on April 20, 2019. Retrieved September 1, 2009.
  19. ^ Ito, Bungaku (2006). 『薔薇族』編集長 [The Chief of Barazoku]. Gentosha Outlaw Bunko. pp. 35–37. ISBN 978-4-344-40864-7.
  20. ^ Kolbeins, Graham (May 20, 2014). "The History of the Term 'Bara' (via Archive)". Gay Manga!. Archived from the original on July 18, 2014. Retrieved October 8, 2018.
  21. ^ Smith, William (1873). "Eros". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. London, UK. Archived from the original on 2022-08-26. Retrieved 2022-08-26.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  22. ^ Conner, Randy P.; Sparks, David Hatfield; Sparks, Mariya (1998). Cassell's Encyclopedia of Queer Myth, Symbol and Spirit. UK: Cassell. p. 133. ISBN 0-304-70423-7.
  23. ^ Robinson, James M. (2007) [1st publ. 1978]. "On the Origin of the World". The Nag Hammadi Scriptures. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780060523787. Archived from the original on 2022-08-21. Retrieved 2022-08-26.
  24. ^ Géczi, János (2006). "The roses of pederasty – trend toward desanctification" (PDF). The rose in ancient Greek culture. Practice and Theory in Systems of Education. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-08-27. Retrieved 2022-08-27.
  25. ^ Judith M. Barringer, The Hunt in Ancient Greece (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001), pp. 70–72 online. Archived 2023-04-17 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ Robert B. Koehl, "The Chieftain Cup and a Minoan Rite of Passage," Journal of Hellenic Studies 106 (1986), pp. 105–107.
  27. ^ "Gay Symbols Through the Ages". The Alyson Almanac: A Treasury of Information for the Gay and Lesbian Community. Boston, Massachusetts: Alyson Publications. 1989. p. 100. ISBN 0-932870-19-8.
  28. ^ Myers, JoAnne (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Lesbian Liberation Movement: Still the Rage (1st ed.). Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. p. 242. ISBN 978-0810845060. LCCN 2002156624.
  29. ^ Horak, Laura (2016). "Lesbians Take Center Stage: The Captive (1926-1928)". Girls Will Be Boys: Cross-Dressed Women, Lesbians, and American Cinema, 1908-1934. Rutgers University Press. pp. 143–144. ISBN 978-0-8135-7483-7.
  30. ^ Collecott, Diana (1999). H.D. and Sapphic Modernism 1910-1950 (1st ed.). Cambridge, England, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 216. ISBN 0-521-55078-5.
  31. ^ Fantham, Elaine; Foley, Helene Peet; Kampen, Natalie Boymel; Pomeroy, Sarah B.; Shapiro, H. A. (1994). Women in the Classical World: Image and Text (1st ed.). New York, New York: Oxford University Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-19-506727-9.
  32. ^ Cohen-Stratyner, Barbara (January 14, 2014). "Violets and Vandamm". New York Public Library. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
  33. ^ Sova, Dawn B. (2004). "The Captive". Banned Plays: Censorship Histories of 125 Stage Dramas (1st ed.). New York, New York: Facts On File. pp. 37–40. ISBN 0-8160-4018-4.
  34. ^ Maser, Verena (2014-08-31). Beautiful and Innocent: Female Same-Sex Intimacy in the Japanese Yuri Genre (PhD thesis). Universität Trier. pp. 3–4. doi:10.25353/ubtr-xxxx-db7c-6ffc. Archived from the original on 2018-11-02. Retrieved 2022-12-17.
  35. ^ Aoki, Deb (March 11, 2008). "Interview: Erica Friedman". About.com. Archived from the original on March 11, 2008. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  36. ^ "Yurizoku no Heya". Barazoku (in Japanese): 66–70. November 1976.
  37. ^ "What is Yuri?". Yuricon. 28 March 2011. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  38. ^ Welker, James (2008). "Lilies of the Margin: Beautiful Boys and Queer Female Identities in Japan". In Fran Martin; Peter Jackson; Audrey Yue (eds.). AsiaPacifQueer: Rethinking Genders and Sexualities. University of Illinois Press. pp. 46–66. ISBN 978-0-252-07507-0.
  39. ^ "Gl/백합 만화 추천 10작품". 15 February 2021. Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
  40. ^ "這畫面太美我不敢看！女女戀不是禁忌，日本「百合展」呈現女孩間的真實愛戀！". 8 April 2019. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
  41. ^ Milner, Roz (1 February 2022). "How a Stuffed IKEA Shark Became a Trans Icon". INTO. Archived from the original on 2 February 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
  42. ^ "How the IKEA Shark Became a Trans Icon". newsweek. 23 October 2022. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  43. ^ North, Nick (3 November 2022). "TLDR: @ikeacanada wants to give trans folks BLÅHAJ, tag and share! ..."". Instagram. Archived from the original on 2023-04-05. Retrieved 2022-12-27.
  44. ^ "Violet delights: A queer history of purple". Violet delights: A queer history of purple. Archived from the original on 2023-10-11. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  45. ^ "LGBTQ lexicon: What's the significance of the color lavender?". Dallas News. 2014-10-29. Archived from the original on 2024-03-10. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
  46. ^ Article in the October 8, 1973 issue of Time magazine about the Lavender Panthers: "The Sexes: The Lavender Panthers".
  47. ^ Gray, Arielle (June 3, 2019). "How A Lavender Rhino Became A Symbol Of Gay Resistance In '70s Boston". WBUR-FM. Archived from the original on July 24, 2019. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  48. ^ "Finding Aid to the Theatre Rhinoceros Records, 1968-2009, bulk 1981-2001". oac.cdlib.org. Archived from the original on 2024-09-07. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
  49. ^ Joseph, Miranda (2002). Against the Romance of Community. University of Minnesota Press. p. 75. ISBN 9780816637966. Archived from the original on 7 September 2024. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  50. ^ "About Us". The Rhino. Archived from the original on 2023-05-01. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
  51. ^ "About Us". The Lavender Rhino. Archived from the original on 7 September 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  52. ^ Fisher, Alice (2017-10-15). "Why the unicorn has become the emblem for our times | Alice Fisher". the Guardian. Archived from the original on 2022-03-23. Retrieved 2018-08-19.
  53. ^ Fisher, Alice (October 15, 2017). "Why the unicorn has become the emblem for our times". The Guardian. Archived from the original on March 23, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2022.
  54. ^ Wareham, Jamie (2018-08-17). "Unicorns are the gay, LGBTI and queer icons of our time (and I'm obsessed)". Gay Star News. Archived from the original on 2022-03-02. Retrieved 2022-04-20.
  55. ^ Plant, Richard (1988). The pink triangle: the Nazi war against homosexuals (revised ed.). H. Holt. p. 175. ISBN 978-0-8050-0600-1. Archived from the original on 2023-01-19. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
  56. ^ "Nazi Persecution of Homosexuals 1933-1945". Ushmm.org. Archived from the original on 2012-01-19. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
  57. ^ Stier, Oren Baruch (2015). Holocaust Icons: Symbolizing the Shoah in History and Memory. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 9780813574059. Archived from the original on 2024-09-07. Retrieved 2016-12-11.
  58. ^ a b Elman, R. Amy. "Triangles and Tribulations: The Politics of Nazi Symbols". Remember.org. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2016. (Originally published in the Journal of Homosexuality, 1996, 30 (3): pp.1–11, doi:10.1300/J082v30n03_01, ISSN 0091-8369)
  59. ^ Cage, Ken; Evans, Moyra (2003-01-01). Gayle: The Language of Kinks and Queens : a History and Dictionary of Gay Language in South Africa. Jacana Media. ISBN 9781919931494. Archived from the original on 2024-09-07. Retrieved 2016-12-10.
  60. ^ "Lesbians and the Third Reich". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
  61. ^ Huneke, Samuel Clowes (2021). "Heterogeneous Persecution: Lesbianism and the Nazi State". Central European History. 54 (2): 297–325. doi:10.1017/S0008938920000795. ISSN 0008-9389. S2CID 235760995.
  62. ^ "Biangles, bisexual symbol, bi colors, bi history". Liz Nania. Archived from the original on 2024-04-26. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
  63. ^ Jordahn, Sebastian (2019-10-23). "Queer x Design highlights 50 years of LGBT+ graphic design". Dezeen. Archived from the original on 2021-06-13. Retrieved 2021-06-12.
  64. ^ "Biangles, bisexual symbol, bi colors, bi history — Liz Nania". Liz Nania. Archived from the original on 2022-06-08. Retrieved 2022-06-26.
  65. ^ "History, Bi Activism, Free Graphics". BiFlag.com. 1998-12-05. Archived from the original on 2001-08-01. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  66. ^ Smith, Erika W. "Violets, Bi-Angles, And Double Moons: A Guide To LGBTQ+ Symbols". www.refinery29.com. Archived from the original on 2024-09-07. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
  67. ^ a b Koymasky, Matt; Koymasky Andrej (14 August 2006). "Gay Symbols: Other Miscellaneous Symbols". Archived from the original on 9 April 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
  68. ^ Chasin, CJ DeLuzio (2013). "Reconsidering Asexuality and Its Radical Potential" (PDF). Feminist Studies. 39 (2): 405–426. ISSN 0046-3663. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-04-21. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  69. ^ Besanvalle, James (31 July 2018). "Here's a handy way to tell if someone you meet is asexual". Gay Star News. Archived from the original on 18 February 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  70. ^ "Aromantic Ring?!". March 29, 2015. Archived from the original on March 19, 2023. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  71. ^ "All about beautiful ace and aro rings". July 30, 2022. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  72. ^ "Aromantic flag and symbols explained". 6 June 2020. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  73. ^ Julie Sondra Decker (2015). The Invisible Orientation: An Introduction to Asexuality. Simon and Schuster. p. 83. ISBN 9781510700642. Archived from the original on 10 March 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  74. ^ "Introduction to Asexual Identities & Resource Guide". campuspride.org. July 28, 2014. Archived from the original on 2020-09-29. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
  75. ^ Van Gelder, Lindsy (1992-06-21). "Thing; Freedom Rings". New York Times. Archived from the original on 2013-05-12. Retrieved 2010-07-21.
  76. ^ "Freedom Rings Make Fashion Statement". Orlando Sentinel. 17 July 1992. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  77. ^ "Rings Thing". TV Guide. 40 (4 July 1992): 187. 1992. ISSN 0039-8543. Archived from the original on 7 September 2024. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
  78. ^ Green, Jonathon (2006). Cassell's Dictionary of Slang. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. ISBN 0-304-36636-6. Archived from the original on 2024-09-07. Retrieved 2007-11-15.
  79. ^ "Un año de Gaysper" (in Spanish). Shangay. 2020-07-05. Archived from the original on 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  80. ^ Vox (28 April 2019). "¡Qué comience la batalla! #PorEspaña (tuit)". Twitter (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  81. ^ a b Cantó, Pablo (2019-04-29). "Cómo el 'fantasma LGTB' que asusta a Vox se ha convertido en un icono gay" (in Spanish). El País (Verne). Archived from the original on 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  82. ^ Bonfill, Anna Zaera; Giménez, Yolanda Tortajada; Gálvez, Antonio Caballero (2021-02-03). "La reapropiación del insulto como resistencia queer en el universo digital: el caso Gaysper". Investigaciones Feministas (in Spanish). 12 (1): 103–113. doi:10.5209/infe.69684. hdl:10115/34401. ISSN 2171-6080. S2CID 234065914. Archived from the original on 2024-09-07. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
  83. ^ "El fantasma Gaysper, de meme antigay de la ultraderecha española a icono LGBT". 20minutos.es (in Spanish). 2019-04-29. Archived from the original on 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  84. ^ "Fluidsper, Transper o Asexsper: los "amigos de Gaysper", el fantasma que Vox lanzó como amenaza al colectivo LGTBI" (in Spanish). La Sexta. 2019-07-02. Archived from the original on 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  85. ^ "Do You Know the Hanky Code?". Gay Desert Guide. May 22, 2018. Archived from the original on 30 April 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  86. ^ Kacala, Alexander (April 25, 2019). "The Handkerchief Code, According to 'Bob Damron's Address Book' in 1980". The Saint Foundation. Archived from the original on 4 November 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  87. ^ Reilly, Andrew; Saethre, Eirik J. (2013-10-01). "The hankie code revisited: From function to fashion". Critical Studies in Men's Fashion. 1: 69–78. doi:10.1386/csmf.1.1.69_1.
  88. ^ Brigham, Bob (June 17, 2003). "The Man Who Invented the High-Five". SB Nation. Archived from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved July 25, 2014.
  89. ^ a b Mooallem, Jon (May 22, 2020). "The wild, mysterious history of sports' most enduring gesture: the high five". ESPN. Archived from the original on June 20, 2016. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
  90. ^ Garcia, Michelle (April 19, 2018). "The Gay History of the High Five". The Advocate. Archived from the original on May 30, 2023. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  91. ^ Wallace, Megan. "Lez nails: Is the 'queer woman with short nails' an outdated stereotype?" Archived 2024-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Dazed Beauty, 17 October 2022. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  92. ^ a b c d e Alwood, Edward (1996). Straight News: Gays, Lesbians, and the News Media. Columbia University Press. p. 94. ISBN 0-231-08436-6. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
  93. ^ * Teal, Donn (1971). The Gay Militants: How Gay Liberation Began in America, 1969-1971. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. 52–58. ISBN 0312112793.
  94. ^ a b ""Gay Power" Politics". GLBTQ, Inc. 30 March 2006. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
  95. ^ a b Van Buskirk, Jim (March 20, 2006). "Gay Media Comes of Age". Bay Area Reporter. Vol. 36. p. 13.
  96. ^ * Stryker, Susan; Buskirk, Jim Van (November 15–30, 1969). "Friday of the Purple Hand". San Francisco Free Press. ISBN 9780811811873. Archived from the original on September 7, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2008. (courtesy: the Gay Lesbian Historical Society.
  97. ^ Stryker, Susan (2004). "San Francisco". glbtq.com. p. 2. Archived from the original on June 29, 2015. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
  98. ^ Montanarelli, Lisa; Harrison, Ann (2005). Strange But True San Francisco: Tales of the City by the Bay. Globe Pequot. ISBN 0-7627-3681-X. Retrieved January 1, 2008.[permanent dead link‍]
  99. ^ Alwood, Edward (24 April 1974). "Newspaper Series Surprises Activists". The Advocate. ISBN 9780231084376. Archived from the original on 17 January 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
  100. ^ Nash, Jay Robert (1993). World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80535-9.
  101. ^ Hobson, Emily K. (2016-11-01), "Beyond the Gay Ghetto", Lavender and Red, University of California Press, doi:10.1525/california/9780520279056.003.0002, ISBN 978-0-520-27905-6, archived from the original on 2024-09-07, retrieved 2024-01-15
  102. ^ Kepner, Jim (1977). Alternate. p. 36. October 31 [1969]: San Francisco gay-rads picket San Francisco Examiner over "queers and fairies" story. Purple ink dumped on pickets who ink handprints on building. Lawrence and 11 others busted for defacing. Purple hand briefly a gay lib symbol.
  103. ^ "MorEl Eskişehir LGBTT Oluşumu". Moreleskisehir.blogspot.com. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
  104. ^ "Lapel watch: White ribbon for equality? Knot, really". latimesblogs.latimes.com. 26 February 2009. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  105. ^ * Jere Hester (16 July 2009). "White Knot? Why Not?". nbcnewyork.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  106. ^ "About White Knot". WhiteKnot. Archived from the original on 11 August 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  107. ^ "Rainbow Flag: Origin Story". Gilbert Baker Foundation. 2018. Archived from the original on June 18, 2018. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
  108. ^ Segerblom, Lynn (March 2, 2018). "The woman behind the Rainbow Flag". Los Angeles Blade. Archived from the original on 10 June 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
  109. ^ Sobel, Ariel (June 13, 2018). "The Complete Guide to Queer Pride Flags". The Advocate. Archived from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved January 6, 2019.
  110. ^ Koymasky, Matt; Koymasky Andrej (14 August 2006). "Gay Symbols: Other Miscellaneous Symbols". Archived from the original on 9 April 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
  111. ^ a b Zimmerman, Bonnie, ed. (2000). "Symbols (by Christy Stevens)". Lesbian Histories and Cultures: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 (Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures) (1st ed.). Garland Publishing. p. 748. ISBN 0-8153-1920-7.
  112. ^ Pea, Georgie (9 August 2013). "LABRYS Tool of Lesbian Feminism". Finding Lesbians. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 4 August 2018.
  113. ^ Myers, JoAnne (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Lesbian Liberation Movement: Still the Rage (1st ed.). Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. p. 156. ISBN 978-0810845060. LCCN 2002156624.
  114. ^ Oliva, Gabriela (2020-09-10). "Pansexualidade: entenda o que é essa orientação sexual". O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2022-12-27. Retrieved 2022-12-27.
  115. ^ "Unicode Asexuality Character". Sexual Diversity. 6 November 2022. Archived from the original on 23 September 2023. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
  116. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u McElroy, D.R. (2020). Signs & Symbols of the World: Over 1,001 Visual Signs Explained. New York, New York: Wellfleet Press. p. 198. ISBN 978-1577151869.
  117. ^ a b LGBQ Nation, All about the nonbinary symbol Archived 2024-04-18 at the Wayback Machine
  118. ^ Nixon & Düsterhöft (2017) Sex in the Digital Age, p. 150
  119. ^ See File:Pride in London 2016 - Bisexual people in the parade.png
  120. ^ Eigtved, Martin LeBlanc. "Mercury, hermaphrodite, intersex, gender, sex, gender identity, sexuality icon". Iconfinder. Archived from the original on 2024-09-07. Retrieved 2024-05-12.
  121. ^ Winfield (2019) Gender Identity: The Ultimate Teen Guide, p. 59
  122. ^ a b "Pride Flags". Equity & Inclusion Office. University of British Columbia. Archived from the original on 2024-05-26. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  123. ^ Theil, Michele (2024-10-23). "The fascinating meaning behind the MLM term 'Achillean'". PinkNews. Archived from the original on 2024-11-24. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  124. ^ Reed, Aspen. "Understanding achillean: A look at its meaning, history, and significance". Into (magazine). Archived from the original on 2024-09-23. Retrieved 2024-11-23.
  125. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Barron, Victoria (2023). Perfectly Queer: An Illustrated Introduction. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  126. ^ "A Comprehensive Guide to Pride Flags and their Meanings". San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus. April 17, 2023. Archived from the original on April 22, 2023. Retrieved April 22, 2023.
  127. ^ a b c d e Wilson, Amee (2023). Queer Chameleon and Friends. Penguin Random House Australia.
  128. ^ a b c d Yuko, Elizabeth (March 13, 2023). "The Meaning Behind 32 LGBTQ Pride Flags". Reader's Digest. Archived from the original on May 17, 2023. Retrieved April 22, 2023.
  129. ^ a b c d e f g h i Campbell, Andy (2019). Queer X Design: 50 Years of Signs, Symbols, Banners, Logos, and Graphic Art of LGBTQ. Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers. p. 218-221. ISBN 9780762467853.
  130. ^ a b The Ace and Aro Advocacy Project (2023). Ace and Aro Journeys. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 44–45.
  131. ^ "All about the demisexual flag". LGBTQ Nation. June 30, 2022. Archived from the original on January 8, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
  132. ^ a b c Davis, Chloe O. (2021). The Queens' English: The LGBTQIA+ Dictionary of Lingo and Colloquial Phrases. Clarkson Potter. p. 86-87.
  133. ^ "LGBTQ+ Pride Flags and What They Stand For". Volvo Group. 2021. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
  134. ^ "Pride Flags". Rainbow Directory. Archived from the original on September 27, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  135. ^ "PRIDE FLAGS". Queer Lexicon (in German). 22 July 2017. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  136. ^ Campano, Leah (October 4, 2022). "What Does It Mean to Be Graysexual?". Seventeen. Archived from the original on August 16, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  137. ^ a b Bendix, Trish (September 8, 2015). "Why don't lesbians have a pride flag of our own?". AfterEllen. Archived from the original on September 9, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
  138. ^ Redwood, Soleil (February 26, 2020). "A Horniman Lesbian Flag". Horniman Museum. Archived from the original on August 16, 2023. Retrieved September 20, 2021.
  139. ^ Andersson, Jasmine (July 4, 2019). "Pride flag guide: what the different flags look like, and what they all mean". i. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
  140. ^ a b "LGBTQIA+ Flags and Symbols". Old Dominion University. Archived from the original on June 19, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  141. ^ Murphy-Kasp, Paul (July 6, 2019). "Pride in London: What do all the flags mean?". BBC News. BBC. 00:20. Archived from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  142. ^ "LGBTQ+ Pride Flags". Human Rights Campaign. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  143. ^ "Omnisexual Meaning | Understand This Sexual Orientation". Dictionary.com. August 7, 2018. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  144. ^ Washington-Harmon, Taylyn (November 25, 2022). "What Does It Mean To Be Omnisexual?". Health.com. Archived from the original on April 23, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  145. ^ Walsh, Matthias (2022-07-26) [2022-06-28]. "All about the Sapphic Pride flag". LGBTQ Nation. Archived from the original on 2022-07-14. Retrieved 2024-11-23. Another sapphic flag, introduced by Tumblr user pride-color-schemesin 2017, depicts a single violet in the center, rendered in a simpler art style – making it easier to reproduce.
  146. ^ Thakur, Aditi (2022-09-04). "Sapphic Flag & Sexuality Meaning". evolveinc.io. Archived from the original on 2024-06-13. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  147. ^ "Pride Flag Guide: Sapphic". Library.LGBT. Albany Pride. 2022-02-14 [2021-06-11]. Archived from the original on 2024-10-01. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  148. ^ "Queer Community Flags". Queer Events. September 14, 2018. Archived from the original on April 4, 2023. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  149. ^ "Pride Flags Glossary | Resource Center for Sexual & Gender Diversity". rcsgd.sa.ucsb.edu. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
  150. ^ "Let's Discuss What It Means to Be Greyromantic". Cosmopolitan. 2022-07-26. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
  151. ^ "Polyamory: What Is It and Why Does the Flag Have the Pi Symbol on It?". Rare. May 4, 2021. Archived from the original on September 27, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  152. ^ Burkett, Eric (December 20, 2022). "LGBTQ Agenda: New polyamorous flag is revealed". The Bay Area Reporter. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved April 22, 2023.
  153. ^ "New Tricolor Polyamory Pride Flag". November 23, 2022. Archived from the original on November 23, 2022. Retrieved November 27, 2022.
  154. ^ Brabaw, Kasandra (June 19, 2019). "A Complete Guide To All The LGBTQ+ Flags & What They Mean". Refinery29. Archived from the original on March 12, 2021. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  155. ^ * "Bigender Flag – What Does It Represent?". Symbol Sage. August 26, 2020. Archived from the original on June 1, 2021. Retrieved May 28, 2021.
  156. ^ ralatalo (September 20, 2021). "Flags of the LGBTIQ Community". OutRight Action International. Archived from the original on October 10, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  157. ^ "Pride Flags". The Gender and Sexuality Resource Center. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
  158. ^ "LGBTQ+ Pride Flags and What They Stand For". www.volvogroup.com. 2022-11-06. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
  159. ^ "31 Queer Pride Flags to Know". The Advocate. Archived from the original on January 8, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
  160. ^ "Pride Flags". The Gender and Sexuality Resource Center. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
  161. ^ "LGBTQ+ Pride Flags and What They Stand For". www.volvogroup.com. 2022-11-06. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
  162. ^ "pangender Meaning | Gender & Sexuality". Dictionary.com. July 1, 2019. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  163. ^ Parsons, Vic (June 7, 2021). "Progress Pride flag gets 2021 redesign to better represent intersex people". PinkNews. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  164. ^ "Pride Flags". University of Northern Colorado: The Gender and Sexuality Resource Center. Archived from the original on May 28, 2018. Retrieved April 22, 2023.
  165. ^ "Canadian gay rainbow flag at Montreal gay pride parade 2017". Country Rogers Digital Media: 107.3 (CJDL FM). Published August 20, 2017. 31 May 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.
  166. ^ "Saskatoon's gay pride parade on June 16, 2012". Daryl Mitchell. Published June 30, 2012. 15 June 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2023.
  167. ^ "Canada Pride Flag". Default Store View. Archived from the original on November 29, 2021. Retrieved November 29, 2021.
  168. ^ "Chicago gay pride parade expels Star of David flags". BBC News. June 26, 2017. Archived from the original on September 27, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  169. ^ Sales, Ben. "The controversy over the DC Dyke March, Jewish Pride flags and Israel, explained". Times of Israel. Archived from the original on September 27, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  170. ^ Owens, Ernest (June 8, 2017). "Philly's Pride Flag to Get Two New Stripes: Black and Brown". Philadelphia. Archived from the original on May 24, 2019. Retrieved May 26, 2019.
  171. ^ Deane, Ben (June 12, 2021). "The Philly Pride flag, explained". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on April 23, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  172. ^ "Pride parades in Poland prove flashpoint ahead of general election". Reuters. Archived from the original on July 4, 2023. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  173. ^ "Polish LGBT people could be prosecuted for 'desecrating a national symbol'". Pink News. July 9, 2018. Archived from the original on July 4, 2023. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  174. ^ "Pride Parade, Trans Pride take place in Belgrade". European Western Balkans. 2015-09-20. Archived from the original on 2023-03-27. Retrieved 2023-08-04.
  175. ^ "Government Notice 377". Government Gazette (35313). 11 May 2012. Archived from the original on 25 July 2014.
  176. ^ Grange, Helen (January 31, 2011). "Coming out is risky business". Independent Online. Archived from the original on March 22, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2019.
  177. ^ "South African Flag Revealed at MCQP". Cape Town Pride. 22 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 4 April 2011.
  178. ^ Knowles, Katherine (July 21, 2006). "God save the queers". PinkNews. Archived from the original on October 14, 2006. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
  179. ^ "Pink Union Jack". The Flag Shop. Retrieved November 29, 2023.
  180. ^ a b "Miscellaneous Symbols | Gender symbols" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2001-06-03. Retrieved 2020-06-28.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to LGBT symbols.
Retrieved from "https://wiki.riteme.site/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_symbols&oldid=1258975355#Unicorns"