Unidentified infrared emission
The unidentified infrared emission (UIR or UIE) bands are infrared discrete emissions from circumstellar regions, interstellar media, star-forming regions and extragalactic objects for which the identity of the emitting materials is unknown. The main infrared features occur around 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, 11.2, and 12.7 μm, although there are many other weak emission features within the ~ 5–19 μm spectral range. In the 1980s, astronomers discovered that the origin of the UIR emission bands is inherent in compounds made of aromatic C–H and C=C chemical bonds,[1] and some went on to hypothesize that the materials responsible should be polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules.[2][3][4] Nevertheless, data recorded with the ESA's Infrared Space Observatory and NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope have suggested that the UIR emission bands arise from compounds that are far more complex in composition and structure than PAH molecules. Moreover, the UIR bands follow a clear evolutionary spectral trend that is linked to the lifespan of the astronomical source; from the time the UIR bands first appear around evolved stars in the protoplanetary nebula stage to evolved stages such as the planetary nebula phase.[5]
The UIR emission phenomenon has been studied for approximately 30 years.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ Duley, W. W.; Williams, D. A. (1 September 1981). "The infrared spectrum of interstellar dust: Surface functional groups on carbon". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 196 (2): 269–274. doi:10.1093/mnras/196.2.269.
- ^ Leger, A.; Puget, J. L. (1984). "Identification of the 'unidentified' IR emission features of interstellar dust?". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 500: 279. Bibcode:1984A&A...137L...5L.
- ^ Allamandola, L. J.; Tielens, A. G. G. M.; Barker, J. R. (1985). "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the unidentified infrared emission bands - Auto exhaust along the Milky Way". The Astrophysical Journal. 290: L25. Bibcode:1985ApJ...290L..25A. doi:10.1086/184435.
- ^ Allamandola, L. J.; Tielens, A. G. G. M.; Barker, J. R. (1989). "Interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - The infrared emission bands, the excitation/emission mechanism, and the astrophysical implications". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 733–75. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..733A. doi:10.1086/191396. PMID 11542189.
- ^ a b "New clues to the origin of creation". CBS News. 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2012-02-21.