U.S. state: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
←Replaced content with 'BRAIN TINTING' |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
BRAIN TINTING |
|||
{{pp-move-indef}} |
|||
{{Infobox subdivision type |
|||
| name= U.S. state |
|||
| alt_name= |
|||
| alt_name1= |
|||
| alt_name2= |
|||
| alt_name3= |
|||
| alt_name4= |
|||
| map= [[File:Blank US Map.svg|250px]] |
|||
| category= [[Federated state]] |
|||
| territory= [[United States]] |
|||
| upper_unit= |
|||
| start_date= |
|||
| start_date1= |
|||
| start_date2= |
|||
| start_date3= |
|||
| start_date4= |
|||
| legislation_begin= |
|||
| legislation_begin1= |
|||
| legislation_begin2= |
|||
| legislation_begin3= |
|||
| legislation_begin4= |
|||
| legislation_end= |
|||
| legislation_end1= |
|||
| legislation_end2= |
|||
| legislation_end3= |
|||
| legislation_end4= |
|||
| end_date= |
|||
| end_date1= |
|||
| end_date2= |
|||
| end_date3= |
|||
| end_date4= |
|||
| current_number= 50 |
|||
| number_date= |
|||
| type= |
|||
| type1= |
|||
| type2= |
|||
| type3= |
|||
| type4= |
|||
| status= |
|||
| status1= |
|||
| status2= |
|||
| status3= |
|||
| status4= |
|||
| exofficio= |
|||
| exofficio1= |
|||
| exofficio2= |
|||
| exofficio3= |
|||
| exofficio4= |
|||
| population_range= |
|||
| area_range= |
|||
| government= [[State governments of the United States|State government]] |
|||
| government1= |
|||
| government2= |
|||
| government3= |
|||
| government4= |
|||
| subdivision= |
|||
| subdivision1= |
|||
| subdivision2= |
|||
| subdivision3= |
|||
| subdivision4= |
|||
}} |
|||
A '''U.S. state''' is any one of 50 [[federated state]]s of the [[United States|United States of America]] that share [[sovereignty]] with the [[federal government of the United States|federal government]]. Four states use the official title of ''[[Commonwealth (U.S. state)|commonwealth]]'' rather than ''state''.<ref>a. Third Constitution of Kentucky (1850), Article 2, Section 1 ''ff.'' Other portions of the same Constitution refer to the "State of Kentucky".<br>b. Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Preamble.<br>c. Constitution of Pennsylvania, Preamble.<br>d. Constitution of Virginia (1971), Article IV, Section 1.</ref> Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of [[Domicile (law)|domicile]].<ref>See the [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]].</ref> [[State citizenship]] is flexible and no government approval is required to move between states (with the exception of convicts on [[parole]]). |
|||
The [[United States Constitution]] allocates power between the two levels of government. By ratifying the Constitution, each state transferred certain [[Limited government|limited]] [[sovereign]] powers to the federal government. Under the [[Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Tenth Amendment]], all powers not delegated to the U.S. government nor prohibited to the states are retained by the states or the [[People of the United States|people]]. Historically, the tasks of public safety (in the sense of controlling crime), public education, public health, transportation, and [[infrastructure]] have generally been considered primarily state responsibilities, although all of these now have significant federal funding and regulation as well (based largely upon the "[[Commerce Clause]]" and the "[[Necessary and Proper Clause]]" of the Constitution). |
|||
Over time, the Constitution has been amended, and the interpretation and application of its provisions have changed. The general tendency has been toward centralization and [[Incorporation (Bill of Rights)|incorporation]], with the federal government playing a much larger role than it once did. There is a continuing debate over "[[states' rights]]", which concerns the extent and nature of the states' powers and sovereignty in relation to the federal government as well as the rights of individual persons. |
|||
==List of states== <!--Linked from [[Template:US states navbox with columns/doc]]--> |
|||
{{USA imagemap with state names}} |
|||
The following sortable table lists each of the 50 states of the [[United States]] with the following information: |
|||
#The [[political divisions of the United States#States of the United States|state name]] |
|||
#The preferred pronunciation of the common state name as transcribed with the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (see [[Help:IPA for English]] for a key) |
|||
#The [[United States Postal Service]] (USPS) two-character [[United States postal abbreviations|state abbreviation]]<ref name=USPSabbrev>{{cite web | url = http://www.usps.com/ncsc/lookups/abbreviations.html | title = Official USPS Abbreviations | publisher = [[United States Postal Service]] | date = 1998 | accessdate = 2007-02-26 }}</ref><br/>(also used as the [[International Organization for Standardization]] (ISO) Standard [[ISO 3166-2|3166-2]] [[ISO 3166-2:US|country subdivision code]]) |
|||
#An image of the official [[flags of the U.S. states|state flag]] |
|||
#The date the state [[List of U.S. states by date of statehood|ratified]] the [[United States Constitution]] or was admitted to the [[United States|Union]] |
|||
#The [[United States Census Bureau]] estimate of state population as of {{dts|2009|7|1}}<ref name=PopEstState>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/states/tables/NST-EST2009-01.csv|title=Annual Estimates of the Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009|format=[[comma-separated values|CSV]]|work=2009 Population Estimates|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date={{dts|2009|12|23}}|accessdate={{dts|2009|12|23}}}}</ref> |
|||
#The [[List of capitals in the United States#State capitals|state capital]] |
|||
#The most populous [[incorporated place]] or [[Census Designated Place]] within the state as of {{dts|2008|7|1}}, as estimated by the [[U.S. Census Bureau]]<ref name=PopEstIP>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/files/SUB-EST2008-IP.csv|title=Resident Population Estimates of Incorporated Places Only: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008|format=[[comma-separated values|CSV]]|work=2008 Population Estimates|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date={{dts|2009|7|1}}|accessdate={{dts|2009|10|1}}}}</ref> |
|||
{{-}} |
|||
<!-- THE FOLLOWING TABLE CONTAINS DATA FROM THE UNITED STATES CENSUS BUREAU. DO NOT ALTER U.S. CENSUS DATA. --> |
|||
{|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
|||
|+<big>The 50 United States of America</big> |
|||
!Name |
|||
!class="unsortable" | IPA |
|||
!USPS |
|||
!class="unsortable" | Flag |
|||
!Date |
|||
!2009 Pop |
|||
!Capital |
|||
!Most populous city |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Alabama]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌæləˈbæmə/}} |
|||
|align=center|AL |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Alabama.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1819|12|14}} |
|||
|align=right|4,708,708 |
|||
|[[Montgomery, Alabama|Montgomery]] |
|||
|[[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Alaska]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/əˈlæskə/}} |
|||
|align=center|AK |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Alaska.svg|border|41px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1959|1|03}} |
|||
|align=right|698,473 |
|||
|[[Juneau, Alaska|Juneau]] |
|||
|[[Anchorage, Alaska|Anchorage]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Arizona]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌær<s>ɪ</s>ˈzoʊnə/}} |
|||
|align=center|AZ |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Arizona.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1912|2|14}} |
|||
|align=right|6,595,778 |
|||
|[[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]] |
|||
|[[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Arkansas]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈɑrkənsɔː/}} |
|||
|align=center|AR |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Arkansas.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1836|6|15}} |
|||
|align=right|2,889,450 |
|||
|[[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
|||
|[[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[California]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌkæl<s>ɪ</s>ˈfɔrnjə/}} |
|||
|align=center|CA |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of California.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1850|9|09}} |
|||
|align=right|36,961,664 |
|||
|[[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] |
|||
|[[Los Angeles]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Colorado]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌkɒləˈrædoʊ/}} |
|||
|align=center|CO |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Colorado.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1876|8|01}} |
|||
|align=right|5,024,748 |
|||
|[[Denver]] |
|||
|[[Denver]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Connecticut]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/kəˈnɛt<s>ɪ</s>kət/}} |
|||
|align=center|CT |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Connecticut.svg|border|46px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1788|1|09}} |
|||
|align=right|3,518,288 |
|||
|[[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]] |
|||
|[[Bridgeport, Connecticut|Bridgeport]]<ref name=Hartford>The [[Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic Combined Statistical Area]] is the most populous metropolitan area in [[Connecticut]].</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Delaware]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈdɛləwɛər/}} |
|||
|align=center|DE |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Delaware.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1787|12|07}} |
|||
|align=right|885,122 |
|||
|[[Dover, Delaware|Dover]] |
|||
|[[Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Florida]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈflɒr<s>ɪ</s>də/}} |
|||
|align=center|FL |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Florida.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1845|3|03}} |
|||
|align=right|18,537,969 |
|||
|[[Tallahassee, Florida|Tallahassee]] |
|||
|[[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]]<ref name=Miami>The [[South Florida metropolitan area|Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area]] is the most populous metropolitan area in [[Florida]].</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈdʒɔrdʒə/}} |
|||
|align=center|GA |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Georgia (U.S. state).svg|border|44px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1788|1|02}} |
|||
|align=right|9,829,211 |
|||
|[[Atlanta]] |
|||
|[[Atlanta]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Hawaii]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/həˈwaɪ.iː/}}, Hw: {{IPA|[mokuˈʔaːinɐ oː hɐˈvɛiʔi]}} |
|||
|align=center|HI |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Hawaii.svg|border|49px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1959|8|21}} |
|||
|align=right|1,295,178 |
|||
|[[Honolulu]] |
|||
|[[Honolulu]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Idaho]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈaɪdəhoʊ/}} |
|||
|align=center|ID |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Idaho.svg|border|39px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1890|7|03}} |
|||
|align=right|1,545,801 |
|||
|[[Boise, Idaho|Boise]] |
|||
|[[Boise, Idaho|Boise]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Illinois]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ɪl<s>ɪ</s>ˈnɔɪ/}} |
|||
|align=center|IL |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Illinois.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1818|12|03}} |
|||
|align=right|12,910,409 |
|||
|[[Springfield, Illinois|Springfield]] |
|||
|[[Chicago]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Indiana]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌɪndiˈænə/}} |
|||
|align=center|IN |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Indiana.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1816|12|11}} |
|||
|align=right|6,423,113 |
|||
|[[Indianapolis]] |
|||
|[[Indianapolis]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Iowa]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈaɪ.ɵwə/}} |
|||
|align=center|IA |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Iowa.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1846|12|28}} |
|||
|align=right|3,007,856 |
|||
|[[Des Moines, Iowa|Des Moines]] |
|||
|[[Des Moines, Iowa|Des Moines]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Kansas]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈkænzəs/}} |
|||
|align=center|KS |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Kansas.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1861|1|29}} |
|||
|align=right|2,818,747 |
|||
|[[Topeka, Kansas|Topeka]] |
|||
|[[Wichita, Kansas|Wichita]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Kentucky]]<ref name=commonwealth>Official name calls it a commonwealth</ref> |
|||
|{{IPA|/k<s>ɪ</s>nˈtʌki/}} |
|||
|align=center|KY |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Kentucky.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1792|6|01}} |
|||
|align=right|4,314,113 |
|||
|[[Frankfort, Kentucky|Frankfort]] |
|||
|[[Louisville, Kentucky|Louisville]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Louisiana]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/luːˌiːziˈænə/}}, Fr: {{IPA|[lwizjan]}} |
|||
|align=center|LA |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Louisiana.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1812|4|30}} |
|||
|align=right|4,492,076 |
|||
|[[Baton Rouge, Louisiana|Baton Rouge]] |
|||
|[[New Orleans]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Maine]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈmeɪn/}}, Fr: {{IPA|[mɛn]}} |
|||
|align=center|ME |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Maine.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1820|3|15}} |
|||
|align=right|1,318,301 |
|||
|[[Augusta, Maine|Augusta]] |
|||
|[[Portland, Maine|Portland]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Maryland]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈmɛrələnd/}} |
|||
|align=center|MD |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Maryland.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1788|4|28}} |
|||
|align=right|5,699,478 |
|||
|[[Annapolis, Maryland|Annapolis]] |
|||
|[[Baltimore]]<ref name=Maryland>[[Baltimore|Baltimore City]] and the 12 [[Maryland]] [[county (United States)|counties]] of the [[Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area|Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia Combined Statistical Area]] form the most populous metropolitan region in Maryland.</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Massachusetts]]<ref name=commonwealth/> |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌmæsəˈtʃuːs<s>ɪ</s>ts/}} |
|||
|align=center|MA |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Massachusetts.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1788|2|06}} |
|||
|align=right|6,593,587 |
|||
|[[Boston]] |
|||
|[[Boston]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Michigan]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈmɪʃ<s>ɪ</s>ɡən/}} |
|||
|align=center|MI |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Michigan.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1837|1|26}} |
|||
|align=right|9,969,727 |
|||
|[[Lansing, Michigan|Lansing]] |
|||
|[[Detroit]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Minnesota]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌmɪn<s>ɪ</s>ˈsoʊtə/}} |
|||
|align=center|MN |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Minnesota.svg|border|43px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1858|5|11}} |
|||
|align=right|5,266,214 |
|||
|[[Saint Paul, Minnesota|Saint Paul]] |
|||
|[[Minneapolis]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Mississippi]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌmɪs<s>ɪ</s>ˈsɪpi/}} |
|||
|align=center|MS |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Mississippi.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1817|12|10}} |
|||
|align=right|2,951,996 |
|||
|[[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]] |
|||
|[[Jackson, Mississippi|Jackson]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Missouri]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/m<s>ɪ</s>ˈzʊəri, m<s>ɪ</s>ˈzʊərə/}} |
|||
|align=center|MO |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Missouri.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1821|8|10}} |
|||
|align=right|5,987,580 |
|||
|[[Jefferson City, Missouri|Jefferson City]] |
|||
|[[Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City]]<ref name=Saint_Louis>The [[St. Louis, Missouri|City of Saint Louis]] and the 8 [[Missouri]] [[county (United States)|counties]] of the [[Greater St. Louis|St. Louis-St. Charles-Farmington Combined Statistical Area]] form the most populous metropolitan region in Missouri.</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Montana]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/mɒnˈtænə/}} |
|||
|align=center|MT |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Montana.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1889|11|08}} |
|||
|align=right|974,989 |
|||
|[[Helena, Montana|Helena]] |
|||
|[[Billings, Montana|Billings]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Nebraska]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/nəˈbræskə/}} |
|||
|align=center|NE |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Nebraska.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1867|3|01}} |
|||
|align=right|1,796,619 |
|||
|[[Lincoln, Nebraska|Lincoln]] |
|||
|[[Omaha, Nebraska|Omaha]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Nevada]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/nəˈvædə/}} |
|||
|align=center|NV |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Nevada.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1864|10|31}} |
|||
|align=right|2,643,085 |
|||
|[[Carson City, Nevada|Carson City]] |
|||
|[[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[New Hampshire]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/nuː ˈhæmpʃər/}} |
|||
|align=center|NH |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of New Hampshire.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1788|6|21}} |
|||
|align=right|1,324,575 |
|||
|[[Concord, New Hampshire|Concord]] |
|||
|[[Manchester, New Hampshire|Manchester]]<ref name=Rockingham>The 5 southeastern [[New Hampshire]] [[county (United States)|counties]] of the [[Greater Boston|Boston-Worcester-Manchester Combined Statistical Area]] form the most populous metropolitan region in New Hampshire.</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[New Jersey]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/nuː ˈdʒɜrzi/}} |
|||
|align=center|NJ |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of New Jersey.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1787|12|18}} |
|||
|align=right|8,707,739 |
|||
|[[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]] |
|||
|[[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]]<ref name=New_Jersey>The 13 northern [[New Jersey]] [[county (United States)|counties]] of the [[New York metropolitan area|New York-Newark-Bridgeport Combined Statistical Area]] form the most populous metropolitan region in New Jersey.</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[New Mexico]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/nuː ˈmɛks<s>ɪ</s>koʊ/}}, Sp: {{IPA|[ˈnweβo ˈmexiko]}} |
|||
|align=center|NM |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of New Mexico.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1912|1|06}} |
|||
|align=right|2,009,671 |
|||
|[[Santa Fe, New Mexico|Santa Fe]] |
|||
|[[Albuquerque, New Mexico|Albuquerque]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[New York]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/nuː ˈjɔrk/}} |
|||
|align=center|NY |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of New York.svg|border|49px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1788|7|26}} |
|||
|align=right|19,541,453 |
|||
|[[Albany, New York|Albany]] |
|||
|[[New York City|New York]]<ref>[[New York City]] is the [[List of United States cities by population|most populous city]] in the United States.</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[North Carolina]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌnɔrθ kærəˈlaɪnə/}} |
|||
|align=center|NC |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of North Carolina.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1789|11|21}} |
|||
|align=right|9,380,884 |
|||
|[[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh]] |
|||
|[[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[North Dakota]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌnɔrθ dəˈkoʊtə/}} |
|||
|align=center|ND |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of North Dakota.svg|border|39px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1889|11|02}} |
|||
|align=right|646,844 |
|||
|[[Bismarck, North Dakota|Bismarck]] |
|||
|[[Fargo, North Dakota|Fargo]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Ohio]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ɵˈhaɪ.oʊ/}} |
|||
|align=center|OH |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Ohio.svg|44px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1803|3|01}} |
|||
|align=right|11,542,645 |
|||
|[[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]] |
|||
|[[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]]<ref name=Cleveland>The [[Greater Cleveland|Cleveland-Akron-Elyria Combined Statistical Area]] is the most populous metropolitan area in [[Ohio]].</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Oklahoma]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə/}} |
|||
|align=center|OK |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Oklahoma.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1907|11|16}} |
|||
|align=right|3,687,050 |
|||
|[[Oklahoma City]] |
|||
|[[Oklahoma City]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Oregon]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈɒr<s>ɪ</s>ɡən/}} |
|||
|align=center|OR |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Oregon.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1859|2|14}} |
|||
|align=right|3,825,657 |
|||
|[[Salem, Oregon|Salem]] |
|||
|[[Portland, Oregon|Portland]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Pennsylvania]]<ref name=commonwealth/> |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌpɛns<s>ɪ</s>lˈveɪnjə/}} |
|||
|align=center|PA |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Pennsylvania.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1787|12|12}} |
|||
|align=right|12,604,767 |
|||
|[[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]] |
|||
|[[Philadelphia]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Rhode Island]]<ref>Full name is State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations</ref> |
|||
|{{IPA|/rɵˈdaɪlənd/}} |
|||
|align=center|RI |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Rhode Island.svg|border|35px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1790|5|29}} |
|||
|align=right|1,053,209 |
|||
|[[Providence, Rhode Island|Providence]] |
|||
|[[Providence, Rhode Island|Providence]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[South Carolina]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌsaʊθ kærəˈlaɪnə/}} |
|||
|align=center|SC |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of South Carolina.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1788|5|23}} |
|||
|align=right|4,561,242 |
|||
|[[Columbia, South Carolina|Columbia]] |
|||
|[[Columbia, South Carolina|Columbia]]<ref name=Greenville>The [[Upstate South Carolina|Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson Combined Statistical Area]] is the most populous metropolitan area in [[South Carolina]].</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[South Dakota]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌsaʊθ dəˈkoʊtə/}} |
|||
|align=center|SD |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of South Dakota.svg|border|44px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1889|11|02}} |
|||
|align=right|812,383 |
|||
|[[Pierre, South Dakota|Pierre]] |
|||
|[[Sioux Falls, South Dakota|Sioux Falls]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Tennessee]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌtɛn<s>ɪ</s>ˈsiː/}} |
|||
|align=center|TN |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Tennessee.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1796|6|01}} |
|||
|align=right|6,296,254 |
|||
|[[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]] |
|||
|[[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]]<ref name=Nashville>The [[Nashville Metropolitan Statistical Area|Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Columbia Combined Statistical Area]] is the most populous metropolitan area in [[Tennessee]].</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Texas]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈtɛksəs/}} |
|||
|align=center|TX |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Texas.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1845|12|29}} |
|||
|align=right|24,782,302 |
|||
|[[Austin, Texas|Austin]] |
|||
|[[Houston]]<ref name=Dallas>The [[Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex|Dallas-Fort Worth Combined Statistical Area]] is the most populous metropolitan area in [[Texas]].</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Utah]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈjuːtɔː/}} |
|||
|align=center|UT |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Utah.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1896|1|04}} |
|||
|align=right|2,784,572 |
|||
|[[Salt Lake City]] |
|||
|[[Salt Lake City]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Vermont]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/vərˈmɒnt/}} |
|||
|align=center|VT |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Vermont.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1791|3|04}} |
|||
|align=right|621,760 |
|||
|[[Montpelier, Vermont|Montpelier]] |
|||
|[[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Virginia]]<ref name=commonwealth/> |
|||
|{{IPA|/vərˈdʒɪnjə/}} |
|||
|align=center|VA |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Virginia.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1788|6|25}} |
|||
|align=right|7,882,590 |
|||
|[[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond]] |
|||
|[[Virginia Beach, Virginia|Virginia Beach]]<ref name=Virginia>The 10 [[Virginia]] [[county (United States)|counties]] and 6 [[independent cities#Virginia|Virginia cities]] of the [[Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area|Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia Combined Statistical Area]] form the most populous metropolitan region in Virginia.</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Washington]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˈwɒʃɪŋtən/}} |
|||
|align=center|WA |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Washington.svg|border|45px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1889|11|11}} |
|||
|align=right|6,664,195 |
|||
|[[Olympia, Washington|Olympia]] |
|||
|[[Seattle]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[West Virginia]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/ˌwɛst vərˈdʒɪnjə/}} |
|||
|align=center|WV |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of West Virginia.svg|border|48px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1863|6|20}} |
|||
|align=right|1,819,777 |
|||
|[[Charleston, West Virginia|Charleston]] |
|||
|[[Charleston, West Virginia|Charleston]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Wisconsin]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/wɪsˈkɒns<s>ɪ</s>n/}} |
|||
|align=center|WI |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Wisconsin.svg|border|42px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1848|5|29}} |
|||
|align=right|5,654,774 |
|||
|[[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]] |
|||
|[[Milwaukee]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Wyoming]] |
|||
|{{IPA|/waɪˈoʊmɪŋ/}} |
|||
|align=center|WY |
|||
|align=center|[[Image:Flag of Wyoming.svg|border|41px]] |
|||
|{{dts|link=off|1890|7|10}} |
|||
|align=right|544,270 |
|||
|[[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]] |
|||
|[[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]] |
|||
|- |
|||
|} |
|||
<!-- THE PRECEDING TABLE CONTAINS DATA FROM THE UNITED STATES CENSUS BUREAU. DO NOT ALTER U.S. CENSUS DATA. --> |
|||
<blockquote>[[United States Census Bureau]] estimates of city population for 2009 will be available about July 31, 2010. Census Bureau estimates of state population for 2010 will be available about December 31, 2010.</blockquote> |
|||
==Federal power== |
|||
Since the 1930s the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] has interpreted the [[Commerce Clause]] of the [[Constitution of the United States]] in an expansive way that has dramatically expanded the scope of [[federal power]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2009}} For example, Congress can regulate railway traffic across state lines, but it may also regulate rail traffic solely within a state, based on the theory that wholly intrastate traffic can still have an impact on interstate commerce. |
|||
Another source of Congressional power is its "spending power"—the ability of Congress to impose uniform taxes across the nation and then distribute the resulting revenue back to the states (subject to conditions set by Congress). A classic example of this is the system of "federal-aid highways", which includes the [[Interstate Highway System]]. The system is mandated and largely funded by the federal government, but also serves the interests of the states. By threatening to withhold [[United States Numbered Highways|federal highway]] funds, Congress has been able to pressure state legislatures to pass a variety of laws. Although some object that this infringes on states' rights, the Supreme Court has upheld the practice as a permissible use of the Constitution's Spending Clause. |
|||
==Governments== |
|||
States are free to organize their [[State governments of the United States|state governments]] any way they like, as long as they conform to the sole requirement of the U.S. Constitution that they have "a [[Republic]]an Form of Government". In practice, each state has adopted a three branch [[Form of government|system of government]] generally along the same lines as that of the federal government—though this is not a requirement. |
|||
Despite the fact that each state has chosen to follow the federal model, there are significant differences in some states. One of the most notable is that of the [[unicameral]] [[Nebraska Legislature]], which, unlike the legislatures of the other 49 states, has only one house. While there is only one federal president, who then selects a Cabinet responsible to him, most states have a plural executive, with members of the [[Executive (government)|executive branch]] elected directly by the people and serving as equal members of the state cabinet alongside the governor. And only a few states choose to have their judicial branch leaders—their judges on the state's courts—serve for life terms. |
|||
A key difference between states is that many rural states have [[Part time|part-time]] legislatures, while the states with the highest populations tend to have [[Full time|full-time]] legislatures. Texas, the second largest state in population, is a notable exception to this: excepting special sessions, the [[Texas Legislature]] is limited by law to 140 calendar days out of every two years. In ''[[Baker v. Carr]]'', the U.S. Supreme Court held that all states are required to have legislative districts which are proportional in terms of population. |
|||
States can also organize their judicial systems differently from the [[United States federal courts|federal judiciary]], as long as they protect the constitutional right of their citizens to procedural [[due process]]. See [[state court]] and [[state supreme court]] for more information. Most have a trial level court, generally called a [[District court|District Court]] or [[Superior court|Superior Court]], a first-level [[Court of Appeals|appellate court]], generally called a Court of Appeal (or Appeals), and a Supreme Court. However, Oklahoma and Texas have separate highest courts for criminal appeals. New York state is notorious for its unusual terminology, in that the trial court is called the Supreme Court. Appeals are then taken to the Supreme Court, Appellate Division, and from there to the Court of Appeals. Most states base their legal system on English [[common law]] (with substantial indigenous changes and incorporation of certain civil law innovations), with the notable exception of Louisiana, which draws large parts of its legal system from French [[Civil law (legal system)|civil law]]. |
|||
==Relationships== |
|||
Under [[Article Four of the United States Constitution|Article IV of the Constitution]], which outlines the relationship between the states, the [[United States Congress]] has the power to admit new states to the union. The states are required to give "[[Full Faith and Credit Clause|full faith and credit]]" to the acts of each other's legislatures and courts, which is generally held to include the recognition of legal contracts, marriages, criminal judgments, and—at the time—slave status. States are prohibited from discriminating against citizens of other states with respect to their [[Human rights|basic rights]], under the [[Privileges and Immunities Clause]]. The states are guaranteed military and [[civil defense]] by the federal government, which is also required to ensure that the government of each state remains a republic. |
|||
==Admission into the union== |
|||
{{Refimprovesect|date=January 2009}} |
|||
{{Main|List of U.S. states by date of statehood}} |
|||
[[Image:US states by date of statehood RWB dates.svg|thumb|220px|U.S. states by [[List of U.S. states by date of statehood|date of statehood]] |
|||
{{legend|#FF0000|1776–1790}}{{legend|#FF6666|1791–1799}}{{legend|#FF9999|1800–1819}}{{legend|#FFCCCC|1820–1839}}{{legend|#CCCCCC|1840–1859}}{{legend|#CCCCFF|1860–1879}}{{legend|#9999FF|1880–1899}}{{legend|#6666FF|1900–1950}}{{legend|#0000FF|1950-}}]] |
|||
[[Image:US states by date of statehood3.gif|thumb|220px|The order in which the original 13 states ratified the constitution, then the order in which the others were admitted to the union.]] |
|||
Since the establishment of the United States, the number of states has expanded from 13 to 50. [[Constitution|The Constitution]] is rather laconic on the process by which new states can be added, noting only that "New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union", and forbidding a new state to be created out of the territory of an existing state or the merging of two or more states as one without the consent of both Congress and all the state legislatures involved. |
|||
In practice, nearly all states admitted to the union after the original thirteen have been formed from [[United States territories|U.S. territories]] (that is, land under the sovereignty of the United States federal government but not part of any state) that were [[Organized territory|organized]] (given a measure of [[Self-governance|self-rule]] by Congress). Generally speaking, the organized government of a territory made known the sentiment of its population in favor of statehood; Congress then directed that government to organize a [[Constitutional convention (political meeting)|constitutional convention]] to write a state constitution. Upon acceptance of that Constitution, Congress then admitted that territory as a state. The broad outlines in this process were established by the [[Northwest Ordinance]], which predated the ratification of the Constitution. |
|||
However, Congress has ultimate authority over the admission of new states, and is not bound to follow this procedure. A few U.S. states (outside of the original 13) that were never organized territories of the federal government have been admitted: |
|||
* '''[[Vermont]]''', an unrecognized but de facto [[Vermont Republic|independent republic]] until its admission in 1791 |
|||
* '''[[Kentucky]]''', a part of Virginia until its admission in 1792 |
|||
* '''[[Maine]]''', a part of Massachusetts until its admission in 1820 following the [[Missouri Compromise]] |
|||
* '''[[Texas]]''', a recognized independent republic until its admission in 1845 |
|||
* '''[[California]]''', created as a state (as part of the [[Compromise of 1850]]) out of the [[unorganized territory]] of the [[Mexican Cession]] in 1850 without ever having been a separate organized territory itself |
|||
* '''[[West Virginia]]''', created from areas of Virginia that rejoined the union in 1863, after the 1861 secession of Virginia to the [[Confederate States of America]] |
|||
Congress is also under no obligation to admit states even in those areas whose population expresses a desire for statehood. For instance, the Republic of Texas requested annexation to the United States in 1836, but fears about the conflict with Mexico that would result delayed admission for nine years.{{Citation needed|date=January 2009}} The [[Utah Territory]] was denied admission to the union as a state for decades because of discomfort with [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]' dominance in the territory, its desire to name the region [[Deseret (Book of Mormon)|Deseret]] due to its ties to [[Mormonism]], and particularly with the [[Mormon]]s' then-practice of [[polygamy]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2009}} Once established, state borders have been largely stable. There have been exceptions, such as the cession by Maryland and Virginia of land to create the [[District of Columbia]] (Virginia's portion was later [[District of Columbia retrocession|returned]]) and the creation of states from other states, including the creation of Kentucky and West Virginia from Virginia, Maine from Massachusetts, and Tennessee from North Carolina. |
|||
===Possible new states=== |
|||
{{See also|51st state|Politics of Puerto Rico|Political status of Puerto Rico|District of Columbia voting rights}} |
|||
Today, there are very few U.S. territories left that might potentially become new states. The most likely candidate may be [[Puerto Rico]]. Puerto Rico has been under U.S. sovereignty for over a century, and Puerto Ricans have been [[U.S. citizens]] since 1917. Puerto Rico currently has limited representation in the [[U.S. Congress]] in the form of a [[Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico|Resident Commissioner]], a nonvoting delegate.<ref name="rhg">[http://www.rules.house.gov/ruleprec/110th.pdf Rules of the House of Representatives]</ref> President [[George H. W. Bush]] issued a memorandum on November 30, 1992 to heads of executive departments and agencies establishing the current administrative relationship between the federal government and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. This memorandum directs all federal departments, agencies, and officials to treat Puerto Rico administratively as if it were a state, insofar as doing so would not disrupt federal programs or operations.<ref>{{cite web |
|||
|url=http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32933_20090804.pdf |
|||
|title=Political Status of Puerto Rico: Options for Congress |
|||
|publisher=Congressional Research Service |
|||
|accessdate=2009-12-19}} |
|||
</ref> |
|||
The commonwealth's government has organized several [[referendum]]s on the question of status over the past several decades, though Congress has not recognized these as binding; all shown resulted in narrow victories for the [[status quo]] over statehood, with independence supported by only a small number of voters. On December 23, 2000, President [[Bill Clinton]] signed executive Order 13183, which established the [[President's Task Force on Puerto Rico's Status]] and the rules for its membership. Section 4 of executive Order 13183 (as amended by executive Order 13319) directs the task force to "report on its actions to the President ... on progress made in the determination of Puerto Rico’s ultimate status".<ref name="usdoj.gov">[http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/documents/2007-report-by-the-president-task-force-on-puerto-rico-status.pdf''Report By the President's Task Force On Puerto Rico's Status (December 2007)'']</ref> |
|||
President [[George W. Bush]] signed an additional amendment to Executive Order 13183 on December 3, 2003, which established the current co-chairs and instructed the task force to issue reports as needed, but no less than once every two years. In December 2005, the presidential task force proposed a new set of referendums on the issue; if Congress votes in line with the task force's recommendation, it would pave the way for the first congressionally mandated votes on status in the island, and (potentially) statehood by 2010. The task force's December 2007 status report reiterated and confirmed the proposals made in 2005.<ref name="usdoj.gov"/><ref>[http://charma.uprm.edu/~angel/Puerto_Rico/reporte_status.pdf'' Report By the President's Task Force On Puerto Rico's Status (December 2005)'']</ref><ref>[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/D?d111:170:./temp/~bdadu6::|/bss/d111query.html H.R. 2499] - [[Puerto Rico Democracy Act of 2009]] H.R. 2499</ref> |
|||
The intention of the [[Founding Fathers of the United States|Founding Fathers]] was that the United States capital should be at a neutral site, not giving favor to any existing state; as a result, the [[District of Columbia]] was created in 1800 to serve as the [[seat of government]]. The inhabitants of the District do not have [[Proportional representation|full representation]] in Congress or a sovereign elected government (they were allotted presidential electors by the [[Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution|23rd amendment]], and have a [[Delegate (United States Congress)|non-voting delegate]] in [[U.S. Congress|Congress]]). Some residents of the District support [[D.C. statehood movement#History|statehood]] of some form for that jurisdiction—either statehood for the whole district or for the inhabited part, with the remainder remaining under [[federal jurisdiction (United States)|federal jurisdiction]]. While statehood is always a live [[political question]] in the District, the prospects for any movement in that direction in the immediate future seem dim. Instead, an emphasis on continuing [[Devolution|home rule]] in the District while also giving the District a vote in Congress is gaining support.{{Citation needed|date=July 2009}} |
|||
Constitutionally, a state may only be divided into more states with the approval of both Congress and of the state's legislature, as was the case when Maine was split off from Massachusetts. When [[Texas]] was admitted to the union in 1845, it was much larger than any other state and was specifically granted the right to divide itself into as many as five separate states. However, according to Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, "New states may be admitted by the Congress into this union; but no new states shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the Congress."<ref>http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/constitution.articleiv.html#section3</ref><ref>http://www.snopes.com/history/american/texas.asp</ref> |
|||
===Unrecognized entities=== |
|||
: ''See also: [[Historical regions of the United States#Unrecognized or self-declared entities|Historical regions of the United States]]'' |
|||
* The [[State of Franklin]] existed for four years not long after the end of the American Revolution, but was never recognized by the union, which ultimately recognized [[North Carolina]]'s claim of sovereignty over the area. A majority of the states were willing to recognize Franklin, but the number of states in favor fell short of the two-thirds majority required to admit a territory to statehood under the [[Articles of Confederation]]. The territory comprising Franklin later became part of the state of Tennessee. |
|||
* [[State of Jefferson]] |
|||
** On July 24, 1859, voters defeated the formation of the proposed [[Jefferson Territory|State of Jefferson]] in the Southern Rocky Mountains. On October 24, 1859, voters instead approved the formation of the [[Territory of Jefferson]], which was superseded by the [[Territory of Colorado]] on February 28, 1861. |
|||
** In 1915, a second State of Jefferson was proposed for northern third of [[Texas]] but failed to obtain majority approval by Congress. |
|||
** In 1941, a third State of Jefferson was proposed in the mostly rural area of southern [[Oregon]] and northern [[California]], but was cancelled as a result of the Japanese [[attack on Pearl Harbor]]. This proposal has been raised several times since. |
|||
* [[State of Lincoln]] |
|||
** State of Lincoln is another state that has been proposed multiple times. It generally consists of the eastern portion of [[Washington]] state and the panhandle or northern portion of [[Idaho]]. It was originally proposed by Idaho in 1864 to include just the panhandle of Idaho, and again in 1901 to include eastern Washington. Proposals have come up in 1996, 1999, and 2005. |
|||
** Lincoln is also the name of a failed state proposal after the [[American Civil War|U.S. Civil War]] in 1869. The southwestern section of Texas was proposed to Congress during the Reconstruction period of the federal government after the Civil War.{{Citation needed|date=July 2009}} |
|||
* [[State of Muskogee]] (in [[Florida]], 1800), an unrecognized state with large [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] populations.{{Citation needed|date=June 2009}} |
|||
* [[Superior (proposed state)|State of Superior]] |
|||
** Several prominent legislators including local politician Dominic Jacobetti formally attempted this legislation in the 1970s, with no success. As a state, it would have, by far, the smallest population; its 320,000 residents would represent only 60% of Wyoming's population, and less than 50% of Alaska's. It would rank 40th in land area, larger than Maryland.{{Citation needed|date=July 2009}} |
|||
==Secession== |
|||
The Constitution is silent on the issue of the [[secession]] of a state from the union. However, its predecessor document, the Articles of Confederation, stated that the United States of America "shall be perpetual." The question of whether or not individual states held the right to unilateral secession remained a difficult and divisive one until the American Civil War. In 1860 and 1861, eleven southern states seceded, but following their defeat in the American Civil War were brought back into the Union during the [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction Era]]. Following the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], the United States Supreme Court, in ''[[Texas v. White]]'', held that states did not have the right to secede and that any act of secession was legally void. Drawing on the [[Preamble to the United States Constitution|Preamble to the Constitution]], which states that the Constitution was intended to "form a more perfect union" and speaks of the people of the United States of America in effect as a single body politic, as well as the language of the Articles of Confederation, the Supreme Court maintained that states did not have a right to secede. However, the court's reference in the same decision to the possibility of such changes occuring "through revolution, or through consent of the States," essentially means that this decision holds that no state has a right to unilaterally decide to leave the Union.<ref>Aleksandar Pavković, Peter Radan, [http://books.google.com/books?id=-IjHbPvp1W0C Creating New States: Theory and Practice of Secession], p. 222, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0074_0700_ZO.html ''Texas v. White''], 74 U.S. 700 (1868) at [[Cornell University Law School]] Supreme Court collection.</ref> |
|||
==Commonwealths== |
|||
{{Main|Commonwealth (U.S. state)}} |
|||
Four of the states bear the formal title of [[Commonwealth (U.S. state)|commonwealth]]: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. In these cases, this is merely a historically based name and has no legal effect. Somewhat confusingly, two U.S. territories — [[Puerto Rico]] and the [[Northern Marianas]] — are also referred to as [[Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)|commonwealths]], and do have a [[legal status]] different from the states (both are [[unincorporated territories]]). |
|||
==Origin of states' names== |
|||
State names speak to the circumstances of their creation. See the lists of [[list of U.S. state name etymologies|U.S. state name etymologies]] and [[lists of U.S. county name etymologies|U.S. county name etymologies]]. |
|||
==Regional grouping== |
|||
[[Image:Map of USA showing regions.png|thumb|250px|right|U.S. Census Bureau regions:<br />[[Western United States|The West]], [[Midwestern United States|The Midwest]], [[Southern United States|The South]] and [[Northeastern United States|The Northeast]]. Note that Alaska and Hawaii are shown at different scales, and that the [[Aleutian Islands]] and the [[uninhabited island|uninhabited]] [[Northwestern Hawaiian Islands]] are omitted from this map.]] |
|||
States may be grouped in regions; there are endless variations and possible groupings, as most states are not defined by obvious geographic or cultural borders. For further discussion of regions of the U.S., see the [[list of regions of the United States]]. |
|||
{{Clear}} |
|||
==Lists== |
|||
{{United States Labelled Map|float=center}} |
|||
* [[List of capitals in the United States]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. state constitutions]] |
|||
* [[List of state legislatures in the United States|List of U.S. state legislatures]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. state name etymologies]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. state residents names]] |
|||
* [[State tax levels in the United States|List of U.S. state tax levels]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by area]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by date of statehood]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by elevation]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by GDP (nominal)]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by GDP per capita (nominal)]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by population]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by population density]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by time zone]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by traditional abbreviation]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states by unemployment rate]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states that were never territories]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. states' largest cities]] |
|||
* [[U.S. postal abbreviations]] |
|||
* [[U.S. state temperature extremes]] |
|||
* Codes: [[FIPS state code]], [[ISO 3166-2:US]] |
|||
* [[Lists of U.S. state insignia]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state amphibians]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state beverages]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state birds]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state butterflies]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state colors]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state crustaceans]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state dances]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state dinosaurs]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state fish]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state flags]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state flowers]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state foods]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state fossils]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state grasses]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state insects]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state instruments]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state license plates]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state mammals]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state mottos]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state nicknames]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state poems]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state Poet Laureates]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state reptiles]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state seals]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state shells]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state ships]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state slogans]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state soils]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state songs]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state sports]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state tartans]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state toys]] |
|||
** [[List of U.S. state trees]] |
|||
==See also== |
|||
{{United States portal}} |
|||
{{US Census Labelled Map|float=right}} |
|||
* [[50 State Quarters]] |
|||
* [[51st state]] |
|||
* [[Extreme points of the United States]] |
|||
* [[Geography of the United States]] |
|||
* [[List of fictional U.S. states]] |
|||
* [[List of regions of the United States]] |
|||
* [[List of U.S. counties that share names with U.S. states]] |
|||
* [[Wikipedia:List of U.S. state portals|List of U.S. state portals]] |
|||
* [[Wikipedia:List of U.S. state portals|List of U.S. state WikiProjects]] |
|||
* [[Organized incorporated territories of the United States]] |
|||
* [[Political divisions of the United States]] |
|||
* [[States' rights]] |
|||
* [[United States Constitution]] |
|||
* [[United States Declaration of Independence]] |
|||
** [[wikisource:United States Declaration of Independence|United States Declaration of Independence (text)]] |
|||
* [[United States territorial acquisitions]] |
|||
* [[Territorial evolution of the United States]] |
|||
* [[United States territory]] |
|||
* [[Territories of the United States]] |
|||
{{clear}} |
|||
==References== |
|||
{{reflist|2}} |
|||
==Further reading== |
|||
* Stein, Mark, ''How the States Got Their Shapes'', New York : Smithsonian Books/Collins, 2008. ISBN 9780061431388 |
|||
==External links== |
|||
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/st/allstate.htm Information about All States] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' |
|||
* [http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/states/ State Resource Guides, from the Library of Congress] |
|||
* [http://factfinder.census.gov/bf/_lang=en_vt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US9S_geo_id=01000US.html Tables with areas, populations, densities and more (in order of population)] |
|||
* [http://factfinder.census.gov/bf/_lang=en_vt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1_US9_geo_id=01000US.html Tables with areas, populations, densities and more (alphabetical)] |
|||
* [http://www.usa.gov/Agencies/State_and_Territories.shtml State and Territorial Governments on USA.gov] |
|||
* [http://www.statemaster.com/index.php StateMaster - statistical database for US States.] |
|||
* [http://www.top50states.com/ U.S. States: Comparisons, rankings, demographics] |
|||
{{USPoliticalDivisions}} |
|||
{{United States topics}} |
|||
{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of North American countries}} |
|||
{{Link FL|no}} |
|||
{{DEFAULTSORT:U.S. State}} |
|||
[[Category:States of the United States| ]] |
|||
[[Category:Subdivisions of the United States]] |
|||
[[Category:Lists of country subdivisions|United States, States]] |
|||
[[Category:Country subdivisions of the Americas|United States 1]] |
|||
[[Category:First-level administrative country subdivisions|States, United States]] |
|||
[[ar:ولاية أمريكية]] |
|||
[[arc:ܐܬܪܘܬܐ ܕܐܬܪܘܬܐ ܡܚܝܕܐ ܕܐܡܪܝܟܐ]] |
|||
[[frp:Ètats des Ètats-Unis d’Amèrica]] |
|||
[[ast:Estaos d'Estaos Xuníos]] |
|||
[[az:Ştat (ABŞ)]] |
|||
[[zh-min-nan:Bí-kok ê hêng-chèng-khu]] |
|||
[[be:Штаты ЗША]] |
|||
[[be-x-old:Штат ЗША]] |
|||
[[br:Stadoù ar Stadoù-Unanet]] |
|||
[[ca:Estats dels Estats Units]] |
|||
[[cs:Státy USA]] |
|||
[[cy:Taleithiau'r Unol Daleithiau]] |
|||
[[da:USA's delstater]] |
|||
[[de:Bundesstaat der Vereinigten Staaten]] |
|||
[[el:Πολιτείες των ΗΠΑ]] |
|||
[[es:Estado de los Estados Unidos de América]] |
|||
[[eo:Usona ŝtato]] |
|||
[[eu:Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako estatu]] |
|||
[[fr:États des États-Unis]] |
|||
[[fy:List mei alle Amerikaanske steaten]] |
|||
[[ga:Stáit Mheiriceá]] |
|||
[[gl:Estados dos Estados Unidos de América]] |
|||
[[ko:미국의 주]] |
|||
[[haw:Nā mokuʻāina o ʻAmelika Hui]] |
|||
[[io:Stati di Usa]] |
|||
[[id:Daftar negara bagian di Amerika Serikat]] |
|||
[[is:Fylki Bandaríkjanna]] |
|||
[[it:Stato federato degli USA]] |
|||
[[he:מדינות ארצות הברית]] |
|||
[[kn:ಅಮೇರಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ ಸಂಸ್ಥಾನದ ರಾಜ್ಯಗಳು]] |
|||
[[pam:U.S. state]] |
|||
[[ka:აშშ-ის ადმინისტრაციული დაყოფა]] |
|||
[[ku:Eyaletên DYE'yê]] |
|||
[[la:Civitatum Foederatarum civitas]] |
|||
[[lv:ASV administratīvais iedalījums]] |
|||
[[lb:Bundesstaate vun den USA]] |
|||
[[lt:JAV valstijos]] |
|||
[[jbo:mergu'e vipygu'e]] |
|||
[[hu:Az Amerikai Egyesült Államok államai]] |
|||
[[mk:Сојузни држави во САД]] |
|||
[[ms:Negeri Amerika Syarikat]] |
|||
[[nl:Staten van de Verenigde Staten]] |
|||
[[ja:アメリカ合衆国の州]] |
|||
[[no:Amerikas forente staters delstater]] |
|||
[[oc:Estats dels Estats Units]] |
|||
[[pl:Podział terytorialny Stanów Zjednoczonych]] |
|||
[[pt:Anexo:Lista de estados dos Estados Unidos da América]] |
|||
[[ro:Stat al Statelor Unite ale Americii]] |
|||
[[ru:Административное деление США]] |
|||
[[se:Amerihká ovttastuvvan stáhtaid oassestáhtat]] |
|||
[[stq:Buundesstoat fon do Fereende Stoaten]] |
|||
[[sq:Shtetet Federale të Amerikës]] |
|||
[[simple:List of U.S. states]] |
|||
[[sk:Štát USA]] |
|||
[[sl:Zvezna država Združenih držav Amerike]] |
|||
[[fi:Yhdysvaltain osavaltiot]] |
|||
[[sv:Lista över USA:s delstater och territorier]] |
|||
[[tl:Estado ng Estados Unidos]] |
|||
[[tt:АКШ административ бүленеше]] |
|||
[[th:รัฐ (สหรัฐอเมริกา)]] |
|||
[[tr:ABD'nin eyaletleri]] |
|||
[[uk:Список штатів США]] |
|||
[[ur:امریکہ کی ریاستیں]] |
|||
[[vi:Tiểu bang Hoa Kỳ]] |
|||
[[wuu:美国个州]] |
|||
[[yi:יו. עס. שטאט]] |
|||
[[yo:Àwọn Ìpínlẹ̀ Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] |
|||
[[bat-smg:JAV valstėjės]] |
|||
[[zh:美国州份]] |
|||
Revision as of 18:19, 7 February 2010
BRAIN TINTING