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Typhoon Bebinca (2024)

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This article is about the 2024 typhoon. For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Bebinca and List of storms named Ferdie.
Typhoon Bebinca (Ferdie)
Bebinca approaching China near peak intensity on September 15
Meteorological history
FormedSeptember 9, 2024
DissipatedSeptember 17, 2024
Typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds140 km/h (85 mph)
Lowest pressure965 hPa (mbar); 28.50 inHg
Category 1-equivalent typhoon
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds140 km/h (85 mph)
Lowest pressure963 hPa (mbar); 28.44 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities8+
Injuries12+
Missing2+
Damage$4,061 (2024 USD)
Areas affectedGuam, Northern Mariana Islands, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Eastern China
Part of the 2024 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Bebinca, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Ferdie, was a strong tropical cyclone that affected East China, Guam, Philippines and the Ryukyu Islands in early September 2024. Bebinca made landfall in Shanghai, China, becoming the strongest typhoon to hit the city since Typhoon Gloria in 1949. The thirteenth named storm and sixth typhoon of the annual typhoon season, Bebinca formed from atmospheric convection 385 km (239 mi) east-northeast of Kosrae, was upgraded to a tropical storm by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) on September 10, and was named Bebinca, before turning west-northwest due to interaction with an upper vortex; by September 13, as it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration named it Ferdie, and it eventually moved across the Ryukyu Islands, where both the Joint Typhoon Warning Center and the JMA upgraded it to a minimal typhoon. Inland, Bebinca quickly weakened to a severe tropical storm due to land interaction as it moved west-northwest under the steering influence of the subtropical high. The JMA tracked the system until it was last noted on September 17.

Although Bebinca did not make landfall in the Philippines, its associated trough and the southwest monsoon caused heavy rains across many regions, resulting in nearly 97 homes being damaged or destroyed, displacing more than 36,626 people, and causing infrastructure damage valued at ₱200,000 (US$4,060.91). At least six fatalities and two missing persons have been reported in the Philippines, along with eleven injuries. Two fatalities and one death have also been recorded in China. The storm has significantly impacted Guam, prompting the issuance of storm warnings. In Japan, thousands of houses lost power in Amami, and high winds were recorded in Okinawa Prefecture.

Meteorological history

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Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

Typhoon Bebinca emerged from an area of atmospheric convection 385 km (239 mi) east-northeast of Kosrae on September 5.[1] The system, characterized by a disorganized wave in the easterlies, featured intense deep convection over a large area, supported by favorable conditions for tropical cyclogenesis,[2] such as warm sea surface temperatures of 28–29 °C (82–84 °F), moderate vertical wind shear and good poleward outflow.[3] At 02:30 UTC on September 9, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert, noting that the system had become well-defined with formative banding in the eastern quadrants.[4] A few hours later, both the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the JTWC followed suit and upgraded the tropical depression, with the latter designating the system as 14W.[5][6] On September 10, the depression intensified into a tropical storm and was named Bebinca by the JMA,[7] as it consolidated with a central dense overcast (CDO) feature obscuring its circulation center while tracking near Guam,[7] and subsequently turned west-northwestward due to interaction with an upper vortex.[8] Guam radar imagery showed a well-defined surface circulation, with curved convective bands extending southward from the circulation center and wrapping around the northern part of the system into its western periphery.[9]

Typhoon Bebinca making landfall over Shanghai, China on September 16

Around 00:00 UTC on September 11, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm, citing Dvorak technique—a method of determining a tropical cyclone's intensity based on satellite appearance.[10] On September 13, the JMA reported that the storm had weakened to a tropical storm due to its near-surface circulation being fully exposed and its banding being fragmented along the northern edge,[11] with a broad tail of deep monsoonal flow and a tropical upper tropospheric trough cell to the west continuing to infuse dry air into the storm's mid-level core.[12] By 06:00 PHT (10:00 UTC), Bebinca had entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) and was subsequently named Ferdie by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA),[13] but just a few hours later, it exited the PAR.[14] Bebinca then shifted northwestward along the northern edge of a deep subtropical high,[15] and the JMA reported that the storm had regained severe tropical storm status.[16] Satellite imagery revealed a compact, circular system with enhanced radial outflow and flaring convection in the northwest quadrant,[17] leading both the JMA and JTWC to upgrade it to a minimal typhoon the next day as it moved across the Ryukyu Islands;[18][19] meanwhile, Bebinca developed a ragged eye feature and maintained a symmetrical and impressive CDO over the past six hours.[20] The JMA reported that Bebinca reached its peak intensity at 00:00 UTC on September 15 with 10-minute sustained winds of 140 km/h (85 mph) and a central pressure of 965 hPa (28.50 inHg),[21] before eventually peaking at Category 1-equivalent intensity on the Saffir-Simpson scale with 1-minute sustained winds of 140 km/h (85 mph).[20] On September 16, at around 07:30 CST,[22] Bebinca made landfall in Lingang New City, Shanghai, China,[23] becoming the strongest typhoon to hit the area since Typhoon Gloria in 1949,[24][25] with a microwave eye feature spanning 29 miles (46 km) and convective bands extending south-southwestward as it moved west-northwestward under the steering influence of the subtropical high.[26] Shortly after landfall, the JTWC discontinued warnings on the system.[27] Inland, Bebinca quickly diminished to a severe tropical storm due to land interaction,[28] with the JMA tracking the system until it was last noted on September 17.[29]

Preparations and impact

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Philippines

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The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) stated that the southwest monsoon, locally called Habagat, will happen when the storm enters the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), and will continue after the storm exits the PAR. Bebinca is also predicted to bring heavy rains across the northern portion of the Philippines. Thunderstorms are also expected in the rest of Luzon and Metro Manila.[30] PAGASA also predicts that the storm will intensify into a typhoon, bringing flash floods into the country.[31] PAGASA stated that the storm will bring 1.5–3.5 metres (1.6–3.8 yards) high flash floods to Palawan, Western Visayas, Negros Island Region, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Caraga, Northern Mindanao, Zamboanga Peninsula and the Davao Region. Small waterborne vehicles, like Motor bancas were advised to take precautionary measures because of the storm.[32] The province of Antique evacuated 545 families because of the storm, also suspending classes, in all levels in the province. The province provided food packs for the evacuees.[33]

Typhoon Bebinca and rainfall affecting trees in Jiading, Shanghai
Heavy rains from Typhoon Bebinca caused a lot of water to accumulate on Shanghai's roads

The heavy rains brought by the storm-associated trough and southwest monsoon have damaged or destroyed nearly 97 homes in the Philippines, displacing over 36,626 people and causing infrastructure damage estimated at ₱200,000 (US$4,060.91). In total, 203,197 people have been affected, with at least six fatalities, two missing persons, and eleven injuries reported. Additionally, power outages occurred in 18 cities and municipalities, while 40 roads were blocked and six bridges were rendered impassable.[34] All fatalities were killed by falling trees, including four children aboard a tricycle in Malabang, Lanao del Sur and two in the Zamboanga Peninsula.[35] According to the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, 1,381 individuals were preemptively evacuated, while classes were suspended in 244 areas, including nine municipalities that also ceased work operations.[34]

China

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A rebook policy was made by Delta Air Lines, which suspended all flights coming from Shanghai from September 14 to 16.[36] Trains were cancelled in Shanghai.[37] By September 14, the Zhejiang provincial government declared increased alertness, dispatched humanitarian employees,[38] and ordered the relocation of anchored boats, construction netting and tourists.[39] On September 15, the China Meteorological Administration issued a red alert for a typhoon, forecasting intense gales and heavy rainfall in eastern China.[40] State media reported that 414,000 people were evacuated across Shanghai.[41] Due to Bebinca, Shanghai Pudong International Airport and Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport cancelled all flights, and Shanghai Disneyland closed on September 16.[42] All highways inside the city were closed, while driving speeds were limited to 40 kilometres per hour.[41]

Bebinca became the second storm to hit China within a few weeks, following Typhoon Yagi's landfall on Hainan Island in the southern part of the country.[43] At least 30,000 households lost power.[41] Four homes were damaged, over 10,000 trees were damaged or uprooted, and 53 hectares (132 acres) of farmland were flooded.[44] Two people were killed after they were electrocuted by a fallen power line in Kunshan, while a falling tree injured one person in Chongming Island.[45]

Elsewhere

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When the storm passed the Pacific Ocean, Guam was affected, leading to a storm warning all across the territory. After the storm passed the territory, the Government of Guam declared Condition of Readiness Three, a small warning which allows people to go to work, not affecting businesses and the territorial government.[46] In Taiwan, as a way of preparation, weather researchers used artificial intelligence to predict the storm path. The program was also used for Typhoon Gaemi, successfully working a week before the hit.[47] The storm was predicted to bring heavy rains to Taiwan, with possible thunderstorms occurring.[48] The storm was forecast to pass through Okinawa.[49] Power outages affected 7,240 households in Amami.[50] High winds were recorded at Kadena Air Base and parts of Okinawa Prefecture.[51]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 23Z 5 September 2024 Reissued (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 5 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 5, 2024. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
  2. ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 23Z 6 September 2024 Reissued (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 6 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 6, 2024. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
  3. ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 02Z 9 September 2024 Reissued (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 9 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
  4. ^ Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 95W) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 9 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
  5. ^ Warning and Summary 091200 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 9, 2024. Archived from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  6. ^ Tropical Depression 14W (Fourteen) Warning No. 1 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 10 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 10, 2024. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
  7. ^ a b Prognostic Reasoning No. 4 for TS Bebinca (2413) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 10, 2024. Archived from the original on September 10, 2024. Retrieved September 10, 2024.
  8. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 3 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 10 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 10, 2024. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
  9. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 4 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 10 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 10, 2024. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
  10. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 6 for STS Bebinca (2413) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 11, 2024. Archived from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 10, 2024.
  11. ^ Tropical Cyclone Advisory for TS Bebinca (2413) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 13, 2024. Archived from the original on September 13, 2024. Retrieved September 13, 2024.
  12. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 13 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 13 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 13, 2024. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
  13. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #1 for Tropical Storm 'Ferdie' (Bebinca)" (PDF). PAGASA. 13 September 2024. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2024. Retrieved 13 September 2024.
  14. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #2F for Tropical Storm 'Ferdie' (Bebinca)" (PDF). PAGASA. 13 September 2024. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2024. Retrieved 13 September 2024.
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  16. ^ Tropical Cyclone Advisory for STS Bebinca (2413) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 13, 2024. Archived from the original on September 15, 2024. Retrieved September 15, 2024.
  17. ^ Tropical Cyclone Advisory for TY Bebinca (2413) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 14, 2024. Archived from the original on September 15, 2024. Retrieved September 15, 2024.
  18. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 18 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 14 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 14, 2024. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
  19. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 19 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 14 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 14, 2024. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
  20. ^ a b Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 22 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 15 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 15, 2024. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
  21. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 22 for TY Bebinca (2413) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 15, 2024. Archived from the original on September 15, 2024. Retrieved September 15, 2024.
  22. ^ Tianchi, Zhang. "暴风雨圈直击！"贝碧嘉"或为1949年以来登陆上海最强台风" [Storm circle hits! "Bebejia" may be the strongest typhoon to land in Shanghai since 1949]. MSN. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  23. ^ "Shanghai hit by strongest typhoon in more than 70 years as Bebinca makes landfall". France 24. 16 September 2024. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  24. ^ Hall, Casey; Woo, Ryan (16 September 2024). "Typhoon Bebinca lands in Shanghai, strongest storm to hit city since 1949". Reuters. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  25. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 23 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 15 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 15, 2024. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
  26. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 24 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 15 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 15, 2024. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
  27. ^ Typhoon 14W (Bebinca) Warning No. 25 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 15 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
  28. ^ Tropical Cyclone Advisory for STS Bebinca (2413) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 16, 2024. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  29. ^ Warning and Summary 170600 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 17, 2024. Archived from the original on September 17, 2024. Retrieved September 17, 2024.
  30. ^ Calalo, Arlie O. (2024-09-13). "'Bebinca' expected to enter PH but may exit within the day — Pagasa". The Manila Times. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  31. ^ Dizon, David (11 September 2024). "Bebinca's trough affects eastern part of PH". ABS-CBN. Retrieved 13 September 2024.
  32. ^ Mangaluz, Jean. "'Bebinca' weakens into tropical storm". Philstar. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  33. ^ Capuyan, Leah (2024-09-13). "Antique evacuates 545 families, suspends classes due to 'Bebinca'". SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  34. ^ a b SitRep No. 5 for the Effects of Trough of TC Ferdie (Bebinca) and Enhanced Southwest Monsoon (2024) (PDF) (Report). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. September 15, 2024. Retrieved September 15, 2024.
  35. ^ "Trees felled by Tropical Storm Bebinca kill six in Philippines". France 24. 2024-09-15. Retrieved 2024-09-15.
  36. ^ "Typhoon Bebinca - Bulletin 1". pro.delta.com. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  37. ^ "Several train services halted as Shanghai braces for Typhoon Bebinca". SHINE. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  38. ^ "China braces for major tropical storm, days after Typhoon Yagi". Aletihad Newspaper. 2024-09-14. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  39. ^ "Zhejiang prepares for typhoon Bebinca". Bastille Post. 2024-09-14. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  40. ^ "Shanghai braces for direct hit from Typhoon Bebinca". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 2024-09-15.
  41. ^ a b c "Strongest typhoon to hit Shanghai since 1949 shuts down megacity". France 24. 2024-09-16. Retrieved 2024-09-16.
  42. ^ Gan, Nectar (16 September 2024). "Shanghai slammed by what China says is the city's strongest storm in seven decades". CNN. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  43. ^ "Shanghai slammed by biggest typhoon to hit city since 1949". The Japan Times. 2024-09-16. Retrieved 2024-09-16.
  44. ^ "Typhoon knocks out power to some homes in Shanghai". Shropshire Star. 2024-09-16. Retrieved 2024-09-16.
  45. ^ "2 people reported dead in China as Typhoon Bebinca is downgraded to a tropical storm". Associated Press. 2024-09-17. Retrieved 2024-09-17.
  46. ^ "Bebinca now tropical storm but moves further from Guam; island remains in COR 3". guampdn.com. 2024-09-11. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  47. ^ "As Bebinca approaches, Taiwan uses AI to predict tropical cyclone paths". GMA News Online. 2024-09-13. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  48. ^ "Tropical Storm Bebinca to bring showers to north Taiwan Saturday". Taiwan News. 2024-09-13. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  49. ^ "Typhoon Bebinca may approach Japan's Okinawa, Amami over weekend". The Star. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  50. ^ "鹿児島県内で約７２４０戸停電（１５日午前４時４５分現在）台風１３号　奄美地方中心に停電続く" (in Japanese). Goo. 14 September 2024. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
  51. ^ "Tropical Storm 14W (Bebinca), # 11". Stars and Stripes. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
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