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Outline of economics

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Economics classes make extensive use of supply and demand graphs like this one to teach about markets. In this graph, S and D refer to supply and demand and P and Q refer to the price and quantity.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to economics:

Economics – analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It aims to explain how economies work and how economic agents interact.

Description of economics

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Economics can be described as all of the following:

  • Academic discipline – body of knowledge given to, or received by, a disciple (student); a branch or sphere of knowledge, or field of study, that an individual has chosen to specialize in.
  • Field of science – widely recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. Such a field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer-reviewed research is published. There are many economics-related scientific journals.
  • Social science – field of academic scholarship that explores aspects of human society.

Branches of economics

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  • Macroeconomics – branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole, rather than individual markets.
  • Microeconomics – branch of economics that studies the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions regarding the allocation of limited resources.
  • Mesoeconomics In-between macroeconomics and microeconomics with a focus on the intermediate level of analysis.

Subdisciplines of economics

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Methodologies or approaches

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Interdisciplinary fields involving economics

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Types of economies

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Part of a series on
Economic systems
Major types
By ideology
By coordination
By regional model
Sectors
Property types
Transition
Coordination
Other types
Main articles: Economy and Economic system

Economy – system of human activities related to the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services of a country or other area.

Economies, by political & social ideological structure

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See also: Schools of economic thought

Economies, by scope

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Economies, by regulation

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Economic elements

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Economic activities

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Economic forces

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Economic problems

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Economic measures

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Economic participants

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Economic politics

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Economic policy

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Economic policy

Infrastructure

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Infrastructure

Markets

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Market

Types of markets

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Aspects of markets

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Market forms

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Market form

  • Perfect competition, in which the market consists of a very large number of firms producing a homogeneous product.
  • Monopolistic competition, also called competitive market, where there are a large number of independent firms which have a very small proportion of the market share.
  • Monopoly, where there is only one provider of a product or service.
  • Monopsony, when there is only one buyer in a market.
  • Natural monopoly, a monopoly in which economies of scale cause efficiency to increase continuously with the size of the firm.
  • Oligopoly, in which a market is dominated by a small number of firms which own more than 40% of the market share.
  • Oligopsony, a market dominated by many sellers and a few buyers.

Market-oriented activities

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Money

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Money

Resources

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Resource

Resource management

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Resource management

Factors of production

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Factors of production

Land
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Land

Labor
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Capital
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Capital

Economic theory

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Economic ideologies

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History of economics

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History of economic thought

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History of economic thought

Economic history

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Economic history

General economic concepts

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Economics organizations

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Economics publications

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Persons influential in the field of economics

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Nobel Memorial Prize–winning economic historians

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Other notable economic historians

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See also

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Wikiversity has learning resources about School:Economics
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