Timeline of geopolitical changes (1900–1999): Difference between revisions
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| align=center rowspan=2 | [[2009]] || align=center | [[January 2]] || '''British United States''' supersede the [[United States]]. The name of the capital was changed from [[Washington DC]] to [[Washington DC|Windsor DC]]. |
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| align=center rowspan=3 | [[2008]] || align=center | [[August 27]] || [[Russia]] recognizes the independence of [[South Ossetia]] and [[Abkhazia]], although [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] maintains that they remain integral regions of Georgia. [[Tskhinval]] and [[Sukhum]] are the capitals. |
| align=center rowspan=3 | [[2008]] || align=center | [[August 27]] || [[Russia]] recognizes the independence of [[South Ossetia]] and [[Abkhazia]], although [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] maintains that they remain integral regions of Georgia. [[Tskhinval]] and [[Sukhum]] are the capitals. |
Revision as of 19:33, 30 September 2008
This is a timeline of country and capital changes around the world. It includes dates of independence, changes in country name, changes in capital city and changes in territory.
2000s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
2009 | January 2 | British United States supersede the United States. The name of the capital was changed from Washington DC to Windsor DC. |
2008 | August 27 | Russia recognizes the independence of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, although Georgia maintains that they remain integral regions of Georgia. Tskhinval and Sukhum are the capitals. |
May 28 | The Kingdom of Nepal changes its name to the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Kathmandu remains the capital. | |
February 17 | The Republic of Kosovo declares its independence from the Republic of Serbia, although Serbia does not recognise it. Priština is the capital. | |
2006 | October 7 | The Republic of Palau moves its capital from Koror to Melekeok. |
August 14 | The Federal Republic of Nigeria yields sovereignty of Bakassi to the Republic of Cameroon. | |
June 5 | The Republic of Serbia supersedes the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. Belgrade remains the capital. | |
June 3 | Montenegro secedes from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. Podgorica is the capital. | |
2005 | November 6 | The Union of Myanmar moves its capital from Yangon to Naypyidaw. |
2003 | February 4 | The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia changes its name to the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. Belgrade remains the capital. |
2002 | May 20 | The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste becomes independent from the Portuguese Republic. Timor-Leste was occupied by Indonesia in 1975, and was placed under United Nations administration in 1999. Dili is the capital. |
February 14 | The State of Bahrain changes its name to the Kingdom of Bahrain. Manama remains the capital. |
1990s
1980s
1970s
1960s
1950s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1958 | October 15 | The Malagasy Republic (Madagascar) gains autonomy within the French Community. Antananarivo is the capital. |
October 2 | The Republic of Guinea becomes independent from the French Republic. Conakry is the capital. | |
July 14 | The Republic of Iraq and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan are created from the dissolution of the Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan. Baghdad remains the capital of Iraq. Amman is again the capital of Jordan. | |
February 14 | The Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan unite to form the Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan. Amman yields to Baghdad as the capital. | |
February 1 | The Egyptian Republic and the Syrian Arab Republic unite to form the United Arab Republic. Damascus yields to Cairo as the capital. | |
1957 | August 31 | The Federation of Malaya becomes independent from the United Kingdom. Kuala Lumpur is the capital. |
March 6 | The Republic of Ghana becomes independent from the United Kingdom. Accra is the capital. | |
1956 | June 18 | The Egyptian Republic declares its complete independence from the United Kingdom. Cairo remains the capital. |
March 23 | The Dominion of Pakistan declares its complete independence from the United Kingdom and declare Islamic republic. And changes its name to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Karachi remains the capital. | |
March 20 | The Tunisian Republic becomes independent from the French Republic. Tunis is the capital. | |
March 2 | The Kingdom of Morocco becomes independent from the French Republic. Rabat is the capital. | |
January 1 | The Republic of Sudan becomes independent from the United Kingdom. Khartoum is the capital. Egypt relinquishes its claim over Sudan. | |
1955 | The Kingdom of Bhutan makes Thimphu the sole capital. | |
May 15 | The Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich) regains its independence. Allied occupation ends. Vienna (German: Wien) is the capital. | |
1954 | December 20 | The French Republic recognizes the independence of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Phnom Penh remains the capital. |
July 20 | The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) and the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) become independent from the French Republic. Hanoi and Saigon are the respective capitals. | |
1953 | November 9 | The Kingdom of Cambodia declares its independence from the French Republic. Phnom Penh is the capital. |
June 13 | The Egyptian Republic supersedes the Kingdom of Egypt. Cairo remains the capital. | |
1952 | July 22 | The Republic of Poland changes its name to the Polish People's Republic. Warsaw remains the capital. |
1951 | December 24 | The United Kingdom of Libya becomes independent from a United Nations trusteeship, having been jointly administered by the French Republic and the United Kingdom. Tripoli is the capital. |
May 23 | The People's Republic of China annexes Tibet. | |
February 15 | The Republic of Poland and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics exchange territory along their common border. | |
1950 | January 26 | The Union of India declares its complete independence from the United Kingdom and declare Republic. And changes its name to the Republic of India. New Delhi remains the capital. |
1940s
1930s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1939 | July 10 | The third German Empire changes its name to the Greater German Empire. Berlin remains as the capital. |
April 1 | The second Spanish Republic is superseded by the Spanish State. Madrid remains the capital. | |
1938 | March 13 | The third German Empire absorbs the Federal State of Austria in Anschluss. Vienna yields to Berlin as the capital. |
1937 | The Irish Free State changes its name to Ireland. Dublin remains the capital. | |
1934 | The third German Empire supersedes the second German Empire. Berlin remains the capital. | |
1932 | October 3 | The Iraqi Kingdom (Iraq) becomes independent from the United Kingdom. Baghdad is the capital. |
September 13 | The Socialist Republic of Chile changes its name back to the Republic of Chile. Santiago remains the capital. | |
June 4 | The Republic of Chile changes its name to the Socialist Republic of Chile. Santiago remains the capital. | |
1931 | December 11 | Canada becomes independent from the United Kingdom. Ottawa is the capital. |
April 14 | The Kingdom of Spain is superseded by the second Spanish Republic. Madrid remains the capital. |
1920s
1910s
1900s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1908 | August 5 | The Republic of Bulgaria becomes independent from the Ottoman Empire. Sofia is the capital. |
1907 | December 17 | Ugyen Wangchuck establishes the Kingdom of Bhutan. Punakha is the winter capital and Thimphu is the summer capital. |
September 26 | New Zealand becomes independent from the United Kingdom. Wellington is the capital. | |
1905 | October 26 | The Kingdom of Sweden recognises the independence of the Kingdom of Norway. |
June 7 | The Kingdom of Norway declares independence from the Kingdom of Sweden through dissolution of the personal union. Kristiania is the capital. | |
1903 | November 11 | The Republic of Bolivia and the Republic of the United States of Brazil sign the Treaty of Petrópolis. Bolivia receives land in Mato Grosso from Brazil, and Brazil receives the State of Acre from Bolivia. |
November 3 | The Republic of Panama becomes independent from Colombia. Panama City is the capital. | |
1902 | May 20 | The Republic of Cuba becomes independent from the Kingdom of Spain. Havana is the capital. |
1901 | January 1 | The Commonwealth of Australia becomes independent from the United Kingdom. Melbourne is the capital until 1927. |
1890s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1898 | The Republic of Bolivia moves its administrative capital from Sucre to La Paz. Sucre remains the constitutional and judicial capital. | |
July 7 | The United States of America annexes the Republic of Hawaiʻi as the U.S. Territory of Hawaii. | |
1895 | October 23 | The Republic of Taiwan is conquered by the Empire of Japan. |
June | The Republic of Taiwan moves its capital from Taipei to Tainan. | |
May 23 | The Republic of Taiwan declares independence from the Qing Dynasty of China. Taipei is its capital. | |
1894 | July 4 | The Republic of Hawaiʻi supersedes the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. Honolulu remains the capital. |
1880s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1889 | November 15 | The Republic of the United States of Brazil supersedes the Empire of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro remains the capital. |
1888 | The Republic of Honduras moves its capital from Comayagua to Tegucigalpa, ending a century of indecision as to the country's capital. | |
1882 | March 6 | The Kingdom of Serbia supersedes the Principality of Serbia. Belgrade remains the capital. |
1870s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1879 | July 9 | The Tsardom of Bulgaria supersedes the Principality of Bulgaria. Veliko Turnovo remains the capital. |
1878 | May 21 | The Principality of Romania becomes independent from the Ottoman Empire. Bucharest is the capital. |
March 3 | The Principality of Bulgaria is established by the Treaty of San Stefano. Veliko Turnovo is the capital. | |
1874 | December 29 | The restored Kingdom of Spain supersedes the first Spanish Republic. Madrid remains the capital. |
1873 | February 11 | The first Spanish Republic supersedes the Kingdom of Spain. Madrid remains the capital. |
1871 | January 1 | The second German Empire supersedes the North German Confederation. Berlin remains the capital. |
1870 | September 4 | The third French Republic supersedes the second French Empire. Paris remains the capital. |
1860s
1850s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1853 | March | The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom establishes its capital at Tianjing. |
1852 | December 2 | The second French Empire supersedes the second French Republic. Paris remains the capital. |
September 11 | The Province of Buenos Aires secedes from the Argentine Confederation. The confederation moves its capital to Paraná. | |
1851 | January 11 | The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom becomes independent from the Qing Dynasty of China. |
1840s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1848 | February 24 | The second French Republic supersedes the Kingdom of France. Paris remains the capital. |
1847 | July 26 | The Republic of Liberia becomes independent from the United States of America. Monrovia is the capital. |
1844 | April 25 | The Republic of Chile becomes independent from the Kingdom of Spain. Santiago is the capital. |
February 27 | The Dominican Republic becomes independent from Haiti. Santo Domingo is the capital. | |
1845 | December 29 | The Republic of Texas joins the United States of America as the State of Texas. |
The Kingdom of Hawaiʻi moves its capital from Lāhainā to Honolulu. |
1830s
1820s
1810s
1800s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1808 | March 7 | The Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves moves the capital from Lisbon to exile in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. |
1806 | August 6 | Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, dissolves the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. |
July 25 | Napoleon I of France establishes the Confederation of the Rhine. Frankfurt is the capital. | |
June 5 | The Kingdom of Holland (Netherlands) supersedes the Batavian Republic. Amsterdam remains the capital. | |
1804 | August 11 | Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, establishes the Austrian Empire. Vienna is the capital. |
May 18 | The first French Empire supersedes the first French Republic. Paris remains the capital. | |
1801 | January 1 | Haiti becomes independent from the French Republic. Port-au-Prince is the capital. |
The Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland unite to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Dublin yields to London as the capital. | ||
1800 | November 17 | The United States of America establishes its permanent capital at Washington City. |
1790s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1797 | April 17 | The House of Habsburg annexes the Republic of Venice. |
1795 | January 19 | The Batavian Republic supersedes the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. Amsterdam remains the capital. |
1792 | September 21 | The first French Republic supersedes the Kingdom of France. Paris remains the capital. |
1791 | March 4 | The Vermont Republic joins the United States of America as the State of Vermont. |
1790 | December 7 | The United States of Belgium capitulates to the House of Habsburg. |
January 11 | The United States of Belgium declares its independence from the House of Habsburg. Brussels is the capital. |
1780s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1783 | September 3 | The Kingdom of Great Britain recognizes the independence of the United States of America. Princeton is the temporary capital. |
1770s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1777 | July 8 | The Republic of New Connecticut changes its name to the Vermont Republic. Windsor remains the capital. |
June 4 | The Republic of New Connecticut moves its capital to Windsor. | |
January 15 | The Republic of New Connecticut declares its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain. Westminster is the temporary capital. | |
1776 | July 4 | The United States of America declares its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain. Philadelphia is the first of eight cities that will serve as temporary capital until 1800. |
1760s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1768 | December 21 | Prithvi Narayan Shah founds the Kingdom of Nepal. Kathmandu is the capital. |
1700s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1707 | May 1 | The Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland unite to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. Edinburgh yields to London as the capital. |
1660s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1660 | May 27 | The Kingdom of Sweden cedes Trøndelag to the Kingdom of Denmark and Norway, the Wends and the Goths as part of the Treaty of Copenhagen. |
April 4 | The restored Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland supersede the republican Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. London, Edinburgh, and Dublin are the respective capitals. |
1650s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1658 | February 26 | The Kingdom of Denmark and Norway, the Wends and the Goths cedes Skåne, Blekinge, Halland, Bornholm, Båhus and Trøndelag to the Kingdom of Sweden as part of the Treaty of Roskilde. |
December 16 | The Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland supersedes the Commonwealth of England, Kingdom of Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland. Edinburgh and Dublin yield to London as the capital. |
1640s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1649 | May 19 | The republican Commonwealth of England supersedes the Kingdom of England. London remains the capital. |
1645 | August 13 | The Kingdom of Denmark and Norway, the Wends and the Goths cedes Jämtland, Härjedalen, Idre & Särna, Gotland, Ösel and Halland, the latter for a period of 30 years, to the Kingdom of Sweden as part of the Treaty of Brömsebro. |
1644 | October 30 | The Qing Dynasty of China supersedes the Ming Dynasty. Beijing remains the capital. |
1580s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1581 | July 26 | The Republic of the Seven United Netherlands declares its independence from the Kingdom of Spain. Amsterdam is the capital. |
1560s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1569 | July 1 | The Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania unite to form the Commonwealth of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Vilnius yields to Kraków as the capital. |
1540s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1542 | The Kingdom of Ireland supersedes the feudal Lordship of Ireland. Dublin remains the capital. | |
The Kingdom of England annexes the Principality of Wales. |
1530s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1532 | The Kingdom of France annexes the Duchy of Brittany. |
1420s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1421 | The Ming Dynasty of China moves its capital from Nanjing to Beijing. |
1360s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1368 | The Ming Dynasty supersedes the Yuan Dynasty of China. Nanjing is the capital. |
1270s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1279 | March 19 | The Song Dynasty is conquered by the Yuan Dynasty of China. |
1272 | The Yuan Dynasty of China moves its capital from Karakorum to Khanbaliq. | |
1271 | The Yuan Dynasty of China is established from the Mongol Empire. Karakorum remains the capital. |
1210s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1216 | Llywelyn the Great establishes the Principality of Wales. Garth Celyn remains the capital. |
1130s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1139 | The Kingdom of Portugal becomes independent from the Kingdom of León. |
1120s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1127 | The Song Dynasty of China moves its capital from Bianjing to Lin'an. |
1090s
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1097 | King William II moves the capital of the Kingdom of England to London. |
Before 1001
See the Timeline of ancient country changes for country and capital changes prior to 1001 AD.
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