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Thomas Ewing (Australian politician)

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Sir Thomas Ewing
Minister for Defence
In office
24 January 1907 – 13 November 1908
Prime MinisterAlfred Deakin
Preceded byThomas Playford
Succeeded byGeorge Pearce
Minister for Home Affairs
In office
12 October 1906 – 24 January 1907
Prime MinisterAlfred Deakin
Preceded byLittleton Groom
Succeeded byJohn Keating
Member of the Australian Parliament
for Richmond
In office
29 March 1901 – 19 February 1910
Preceded byNew seat
Succeeded byWalter Massy-Greene
Personal details
Born(1856-10-09)9 October 1856
Pitt Town, New South Wales, Australia
Died15 September 1920(1920-09-15) (aged 63)
Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
Political partyProtectionist (to 1909)
Liberal (from 1909)
SpouseMargaret Russell McCabe
RelationsNorman Ewing (brother)
John Ewing (brother)
OccupationSurveyor

Sir Thomas Thomson Ewing KCMG (9 October 1856 – 15 September 1920) was an Australian politician. He began his career in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (1885–1901) before winning election to the Division of Richmond at the inaugural 1901 federal election. He held ministerial office in the second Deakin government as Vice-President of the Executive Council (1905–1906), Minister for Home Affairs (1906–1907), and Minister for Defence (1907–1908).

Early life

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Ewing was born at Pitt Town, New South Wales to clergyman Thomas Campbell Ewing and Elizabeth, née Thomson. Despite an intention to study for the Bar, he joined a surveyor's party at the age of 17, and became a licensed surveyor with the New South Wales Department of Lands in 1877. He married Margaret Russell MacCabe on 1 October 1879 at Wollongong, with whom he had three sons and two daughters, known as, Francis Peter Ewing born 1880, olive Margaret Ewing born in 1882, Thomas Campbell Ewing born in 1884, Helen M Ewing born in 1892, Colin Ewing born in 1894.[1]

State politics

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In 1885 Ewing left the Lands Department to stand, successfully, for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, representing the seat of Richmond. Although he was a "theoretical" supporter of free trade, he became a supporter of moderate protectionism, and, while a supporter of female suffrage, was an opponent of non-European immigration. In 1894 he transferred to the seat of Lismore, and became known as an independently minded member. A popular member, he became involved in Sydney's hydro-electricity scheme, fiscal policy and Federation, where he was a supporter of Sir Henry Parkes, Sir George Dibbs and Sir Patrick Jennings.[1][2]

Federal politics

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Sir Thomas Ewing

Ewing moved to federal politics in 1901, entering the Australian House of Representatives as the Protectionist member for Richmond. In the second administration of Alfred Deakin he was Vice-President of the Executive Council (1905–06), Minister for Home Affairs (1906–07), and Minister for Defence (1907–08). A strong supporter of the White Australia Policy and of compulsory military training, Ewing organised a scheme for such compulsory training, which was the basis of the 1909 Defence Act. Ewing retired from politics in 1910 due to ill health, and began farming on the Tweed River.

Ewing was an amiable and well-liked politician who had a gift for telling stories, of which he wrote many. He also wrote scholarly works and published Progress of Australasia During the Nineteenth Century with Sir Timothy Coghlan in 1903, and Review of the Rival Railway Schemes for the Connection of the Tableland of New England with a Deep Sea Port on the North Coast in 1913. Often scornful of the "titled mediocrities" of parliament, he was nonetheless knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1908; this was said to have been recommended by Alfred Deakin as a joke, and, according to colleague Richard Crouch, Ewing took it as such.

Later life

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Ewing had little part in public life after his 1910 retirement. He died of heart and kidney disease in a Darlinghurst hospital on 15 September 1920. His younger brothers John and Norman also had distinguished political careers.

References

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  1. ^ a b Walsh, G. P. (1981). "Ewing, Sir Thomas Thomson (1856–1920)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 14 August 2022.
  2. ^ "Sir Thomas Thomson Ewing, KCMG (1856–1920)". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 1 May 2019.

 

Political offices
Preceded by Vice-President of the Executive Council
1905–1906
Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for Home Affairs
1906–1907
Preceded by Minister for Defence
1907–1908
Succeeded by
New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Preceded by Member for Richmond
1885–1894
Served alongside: Hogan/Crouch/Nicoll, None/Perry
Succeeded by
Preceded by
New seat
Member for Lismore
1894–1901
Succeeded by
Parliament of Australia
New title Member for Richmond
1901–1910
Succeeded by