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Template:Infobox medical condition/testcases

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23:31, 19 January 2022 (UTC)
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Avulsion fracture
ALTi1
i1:Avulsion frac 1111
ALTi2
cap2Avulsion frac prox middle phal palm
Avulsion fracture
ALTi1
i1:Avulsion frac 1111
ALTi2
cap2Avulsion frac prox middle phal palm


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Avulsion fracture-B
ALTi1
i1:Avulsion frac 1111
ALTi2
cap2Avulsion frac prox middle phal palm
Avulsion fracture-B
ALTi1
i1:Avulsion frac 1111
ALTi2
cap2Avulsion frac prox middle phal palm
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Avulsion fracture-C
Avulsion fracture-C
Bisalbuminemia (Q4917184) health specialty (P1995)
clinical chemistry
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Bisalbuminemia
Bisalbuminemia
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Pneumonia
Other namespneumonitis, bronchopneumonia[1]
A black and white X-ray picture showing a triangular white area on the left side. A circle highlights the area.
A chest X-ray showing a very prominent wedge-shape area of airspace consolidation in the right lung characteristic of bacterial pneumonia.
Pronunciation
SpecialtySomething-with-ref[2]
Symptomscough, difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, fever
Durationfew weeks
Causesbacteria, virus, aspiration
Differential diagnosisCOPD, asthma, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism
Medicationantibiotics, steroids, antivirals
Prevalence450 million (7%) per year
Deaths4 million per year
Named afterP. Namony (ficticious)
Pneumonia
Other namespneumonitis, bronchopneumonia[1]
A black and white X-ray picture showing a triangular white area on the left side. A circle highlights the area.
A chest X-ray showing a very prominent wedge-shape area of airspace consolidation in the right lung characteristic of bacterial pneumonia.
Pronunciation
SpecialtySomething-with-ref[2]
Symptomscough, difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, fever
Durationfew weeks
Causesbacteria, virus, aspiration
Differential diagnosisCOPD, asthma, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism
Medicationantibiotics, steroids, antivirals
Prevalence450 million (7%) per year
Deaths4 million per year
Named afterP. Namony (ficticious)
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Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Other namesLandouzy–Dejerine muscular dystrophy, FSHMD, FSH
Timelapse of DUX4 being expressed in FSHD Muscle Cells[3]
SpecialtyNeurology
SymptomsFacial weakness, scapular winging, foot drop
Usual onsetAdolescence
DurationLong term
TypesFSHD1, FSHD2
CausesGenetic (inherited or new mutation)
Diagnostic methodGenetic testing
Differential diagnosisLimb-girdle muscular dystrophy (especially LGMD2A), Pompe disease, Mitochondrial myopathy, Polymyositis
ManagementPhysical therapy, bracing, orthopedic surgery
Frequency1 in 8333 to 1 in 15000
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Other namesLandouzy–Dejerine muscular dystrophy, FSHMD, FSH
Timelapse of DUX4 being expressed in FSHD Muscle Cells[3]
SpecialtyNeurology
SymptomsFacial weakness, scapular winging, foot drop
Usual onsetAdolescence
DurationLong term
TypesFSHD1, FSHD2
CausesGenetic (inherited or new mutation)
Diagnostic methodGenetic testing
Differential diagnosisLimb-girdle muscular dystrophy (especially LGMD2A), Pompe disease, Mitochondrial myopathy, Polymyositis
ManagementPhysical therapy, bracing, orthopedic surgery
Frequency1 in 8333 to 1 in 15000

Named after

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Parkinson's disease
Other namesParkinson disease, idiopathic or primary parkinsonism, hypokinetic rigid syndrome, paralysis agitans, shaking palsy
Two sketches (one from the front and one from the right side) of a man, with an expressionless face. He is stooped forward and is presumably having difficulty walking.
Illustration of Parkinson's disease by William Richard Gowers, first published in A Manual of Diseases of the Nervous System (1886), and based on 1879 photographs attributed to Albert Londe[4][5]
SpecialtyNeurology
SymptomsTremor, rigidity, slowness of movement, difficulty walking[6]
ComplicationsDementia, depression, anxiety,[7] eating problems, and sleep problems[8]
Usual onsetAge over 60[6][9]
CausesUnknown[10]
Risk factorsPesticide exposure, head injuries[10]
Diagnostic methodBased on symptoms[6]
Differential diagnosisDementia with Lewy bodies, progressive supranuclear palsy, essential tremor, antipsychotic use[11]
TreatmentMedications, surgery[6]
MedicationL-DOPA, dopamine agonists[7]
PrognosisLife expectancy about 7–15 years[12]
Frequency6.2 million (2015)[13]
Deaths117,400 (2015)[14]
Named afterJames Parkinson
Parkinson's disease
Other namesParkinson disease, idiopathic or primary parkinsonism, hypokinetic rigid syndrome, paralysis agitans, shaking palsy
Two sketches (one from the front and one from the right side) of a man, with an expressionless face. He is stooped forward and is presumably having difficulty walking.
Illustration of Parkinson's disease by William Richard Gowers, first published in A Manual of Diseases of the Nervous System (1886), and based on 1879 photographs attributed to Albert Londe[4][5]
SpecialtyNeurology
SymptomsTremor, rigidity, slowness of movement, difficulty walking[6]
ComplicationsDementia, depression, anxiety,[7] eating problems, and sleep problems[8]
Usual onsetAge over 60[6][9]
CausesUnknown[10]
Risk factorsPesticide exposure, head injuries[10]
Diagnostic methodBased on symptoms[6]
Differential diagnosisDementia with Lewy bodies, progressive supranuclear palsy, essential tremor, antipsychotic use[11]
TreatmentMedications, surgery[6]
MedicationL-DOPA, dopamine agonists[7]
PrognosisLife expectancy about 7–15 years[12]
Frequency6.2 million (2015)[13]
Deaths117,400 (2015)[14]
Named afterJames Parkinson

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Other Names for Pneumonia". NHLBI. March 1, 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2016.
  2. ^ "Something". AAA. March 1, 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2016.
  3. ^ Rickard, Amanda; Petek, Lisa; Miller, Daniel (August 5, 2015). "Endogenous DUX4 expression in FSHD myotubes is sufficient to cause cell death and disrupts RNA splicing and cell migration pathways". Hum. Mol. Genet. 24 (20): 5901–14. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddv315. PMC 4581613. PMID 26246499. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  4. ^ "Art and Medicine Bibliography, Paul de Saint-Léger". Art and Medicine. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  5. ^ Lewis PA, Plun-Favreau H, Rowley M, Spillane J (March 2020). "Pierre D. and the First Photographs of Parkinson's Disease". Movement Disorders. 35 (3): 389–391. doi:10.1002/MDS.27965. PMC 7155099. PMID 31975439.
  6. ^ a b c d "Parkinson's Disease Information Page". NINDS. 30 June 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  7. ^ a b Sveinbjornsdottir S (October 2016). "The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease". Journal of Neurochemistry. 139 (Suppl 1): 318–324. doi:10.1111/jnc.13691. PMID 27401947.
  8. ^ "Parkinson's disease – Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic.
  9. ^ Carroll WM (2016). International Neurology. John Wiley & Sons. p. 188. ISBN 978-1118777367. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  10. ^ a b Kalia LV, Lang AE (August 2015). "Parkinson's disease". Lancet. 386 (9996): 896–912. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61393-3. PMID 25904081. S2CID 5502904.
  11. ^ Ferri FF (2010). "Chapter P". Ferri's differential diagnosis: a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Mosby. ISBN 978-0323076999.
  12. ^ Macleod AD, Taylor KS, Counsell CE (November 2014). "Mortality in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Movement Disorders. 29 (13): 1615–1622. doi:10.1002/mds.25898. PMID 24821648.
  13. ^ Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
  14. ^ Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, et al. (GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.