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Toyota New Global Architecture

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Toyota New Global Architecture
Fourth-generation Toyota Prius, the first vehicle to use the Toyota New Global Architecture platform
Overview
ManufacturerToyota
Also calledTNGA
Production2015–present
Body and chassis
Platform
  • TNGA-B
  • TNGA-C
  • TNGA-F
  • TNGA-K
  • TNGA-L
  • e-TNGA
Chronology
Predecessor

The Toyota New Global Architecture (abbreviated as TNGA) is a modular automobile platform that underpins various Toyota and Lexus models, starting with the fourth-generation Prius in late 2015.[1] TNGA platforms accommodate different vehicle sizes and also front-, rear-, and all-wheel drive configurations.[2]

The platforms were developed as part of a company-wide effort to simplify the vehicles being produced by Toyota. Before the introduction of the TNGA, Toyota was building roughly 100 different platform variants.[3] As of 2020, the five TNGA platforms underpin more than 50% of Toyota vehicles sold worldwide and is expected to underpin about 80% by 2023.[4]

Each platform is based on a standardized seat height that allows for sharing of key interior components such as steering systems, shifters, pedals, seat frames and airbags.[5] These components are often less visible, allowing for cars that share platforms to have unique interiors. Compared to Toyota's older platforms, TNGA costs 20 percent less to produce while offering increased chassis stiffness, lower centers of gravity for better handling and lower hood cowls for better forward visibility.[3]

The TNGA platform was developed alongside the Dynamic Force engine, which similarly is replacing more than 800 engine variants with a much simpler lineup of 17 versions of nine engines.[3] Toyota is also simplifying its lineup of transmissions, hybrid systems, and all-wheel drive systems.

TNGA-B (GA-B)

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The TNGA-B platform underpins unibody vehicles in the A-segment or city car, B-segment or subcompact car, subcompact crossover SUV, and mini MPV categories. Developed by the internal "Toyota Compact Car Company",[6][7][8] the platform is offered in both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive variants and is paired with a transverse engine.[9][10] The platform also supports a wheelbase length of 2,430–2,750 mm (95.7–108.3 in), while only supports three-cylinder engines.[11] The TNGA-B replaces the older B platform.

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Aqua
    Toyota Aqua
  • Toyota Aygo X
    Toyota Aygo X
  • Toyota Sienta
    Toyota Sienta
  • Toyota Yaris
    Toyota Yaris
  • Toyota GR Yaris
    Toyota GR Yaris
  • Toyota Yaris Cross
    Toyota Yaris Cross
  • Lexus LBX
    Lexus LBX

TNGA-C (GA-C)

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The TNGA-C platform underpins unibody vehicles in the C-segment or compact car, subcompact/compact crossover SUV, and compact/mid-size MPV categories. The platform is offered in both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive variants and is paired with a transverse engine. The platform also supports a wheelbase length of 2,640–2,850 mm (103.9–112.2 in). The TNGA-C replaces the older MC/New MC platforms.

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Corolla
    Toyota Corolla
  • Toyota GR Corolla
    Toyota GR Corolla
  • Toyota Corolla Cross
    Toyota Corolla Cross
  • Toyota C-HR (AX10/AX50)
    Toyota C-HR (AX10/AX50)
  • Toyota C-HR (AX20)
    Toyota C-HR (AX20)
  • Toyota Innova
    Toyota Innova
  • Toyota Noah
    Toyota Noah
  • Toyota Prius (XW50)
    Toyota Prius (XW50)
  • Toyota Prius (XW60)
    Toyota Prius (XW60)
  • Lexus UX
    Lexus UX

TNGA-F (GA-F)

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The TNGA-F platform underpins body-on-frame vehicles in the mid- and full-size SUV and mid- and full-size pickup truck categories.[31] It supports a wheelbase length of 2,850–4,180 mm (112.2–164.6 in).

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota 4Runner
    Toyota 4Runner
  • Toyota Land Cruiser
    Toyota Land Cruiser
  • Lexus LX
    Lexus LX
  • Toyota Land Cruiser Prado
    Toyota Land Cruiser Prado
  • Lexus GX
    Lexus GX
  • Toyota Sequoia
    Toyota Sequoia
  • Toyota Tacoma
    Toyota Tacoma
  • Toyota Tundra
    Toyota Tundra

TNGA-K (GA-K)

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The TNGA-K platform underpins unibody vehicles in the D-segment or mid-size car, E-segment or full-size car, compact/mid-size crossover SUV, and large MPV categories. The platform is offered in both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive variants and is paired with a transverse engine. The platform also supports a wheelbase length of 2,690–3,060 mm (105.9–120.5 in). The TNGA-K replaces the older K platform.

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Alphard
    Toyota Alphard
  • Toyota Avalon
    Toyota Avalon
  • Toyota Camry (XV70)
    Toyota Camry (XV70)
  • Toyota Camry (XV80)
    Toyota Camry (XV80)
  • Toyota Century SUV
    Toyota Century SUV
  • Toyota Crown Crossover
    Toyota Crown Crossover
  • Toyota Crown Estate/Signia
    Toyota Crown Estate/Signia
  • Toyota Crown Sport
    Toyota Crown Sport
  • Toyota Harrier
    Toyota Harrier
  • Toyota Highlander
    Toyota Highlander
  • Toyota Grand Highlander
    Toyota Grand Highlander
  • Toyota RAV4
    Toyota RAV4
  • Toyota Sienna
    Toyota Sienna
  • Lexus ES
    Lexus ES
  • Lexus NX
    Lexus NX
  • Lexus RX
    Lexus RX
  • Lexus LM
    Lexus LM
  • Lexus TX
    Lexus TX

TNGA-L (GA-L)

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The TNGA-L platform underpins unibody vehicles in the E-segment or executive car, F-segment or full-size luxury car, and S-segment or grand tourer categories. The platform is offered in both rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive variants and is paired with a longitudinal engine. The platform also supports a wheelbase length of 2,870–3,125 mm (113.0–123.0 in). The Crown was also produced with a narrow version at 1,800 mm (70.9 in) wide. The TNGA-L replaces the older N platform.

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Crown Sedan (S220)
    Toyota Crown Sedan (S220)
  • Toyota Crown Sedan (S230)
    Toyota Crown Sedan (S230)
  • Toyota Mirai
    Toyota Mirai
  • Lexus LC
    Lexus LC
  • Lexus LS
    Lexus LS

e-TNGA

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e-TNGA is a modular platform dedicated to battery electric vehicles, which was announced in October 2019.[57] Internally known as the 40PL platform,[58] the platform will enable offering various type and size of vehicles, different battery capacity and with front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive or dual motor all-wheel drive. This vehicle architecture is partitioned into five modules. These are the front module, center module, rear module, battery and motor. Up to three versions of each module are in development, including three capacities for the lithium-ion battery.[59][60][61] The first e-TNGA-based model is the bZ4X crossover, which was presented for the first time in April 2021.[62] Other vehicles planned by 2025 include a medium SUV, a medium minivan, a medium sedan, and a large SUV.[63] For Subaru-badged models, the platform is also known as the e-Subaru Global Platform (e-SGP).[64][65]

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota bZ3
    Toyota bZ3
  • Toyota bZ4X
    Toyota bZ4X
  • Lexus RZ
    Lexus RZ

See also

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References

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  2. ^ Akita, Masahiro (11 March 2013). "Opportunities and risks related to parts sourcing for next-gen Prius". Credit Suisse. pp. 1–3. Archived from the original on 17 July 2014.
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