Superior cerebellar artery
| Superior cerebellar artery | |
|---|---|
 The three major arteries of the cerebellum: the SCA, AICA, and PICA. | |
 Diagram of the arterial circulation at the base of the brain (inferior view). (Superior cerebellar artery labeled at center right.) | |
| Details | |
| Source | Basilar artery |
| Vein | Superior cerebellar veins |
| Supplies | Cerebellum |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | arteria cerebelli superior |
| TA98 | A12.2.08.025 |
| TA2 | 4563 |
| FMA | 50573 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) is an artery of the head. It arises near the end of the basilar artery. It is a branch of the basilar artery. It supplies parts of the cerebellum, the midbrain, and other nearby structures. It is the cause of trigeminal neuralgia in some patients.
Structure
[edit]The superior cerebellar artery arises near the end of the basilar artery.[1] It passes laterally around the brainstem.[1] This is immediately below the oculomotor nerve,[1] which separates it from the posterior cerebral artery. It then winds around the cerebral peduncle, close to the trochlear nerve. It also lies close to the cerebellar tentorium.[1] When it arrives at the upper surface of the cerebellum, it divides into branches which ramify in the pia mater and anastomose with those of the anterior inferior cerebellar arteries and the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries.
Several branches are given to the pineal body, the anterior medullary velum, and the tela chorioidea of the third ventricle.
Function
[edit]
The superior cerebellar artery supplies deep parts and superior parts of the cerebellum.[1][2] It supplies parts of the midbrain (tectum, including the cerebral crus).[1] It also supplies superior medullary velum, the superior cerebellar peduncle, the middle cerebellar peduncle, and the interpeduncular region.[1]
Clinical significance
[edit]Trigeminal neuralgia
[edit]The superior cerebellar artery is frequently the cause of trigeminal neuralgia. It compresses the trigeminal nerve (CN V), causing pain on the patient's face (the distribution of the nerve). This may be treated with vascular microsurgery to decompress the trigeminal nerve.[2] At autopsy, 50% of people without trigeminal neuralgia will also be noted to have vascular compression of the nerve.[3]
Stroke
[edit]An infarction of the superior cerebellar artery can cause a cerebellar stroke.[4] This can cause a headache and ataxia (with problems walking).[4]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 580 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ a b c d e f g Miyawaki, Edison; Statland, Jeffrey (2003). "Cerebral Blood Vessels: Arteries". Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences. Academic Press. pp. 584–591. doi:10.1016/B0-12-226870-9/02167-5. ISBN 978-0-12-226870-0.
- ^ a b DeMyer, William (2009). "2 - Applied Anatomy of the Brain Arteries". Stroke in Children and Young Adults (2nd ed.). Saunders. pp. 15–68. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7506-7418-8.00002-1. ISBN 978-0-7506-7418-8.
- ^ Handbook of Neurosurgery, Greenberg, M.D., Thieme 2006
- ^ a b Sarikaya, Hakan; Steinlin, Maja (2018). "20 - Cerebellar stroke in adults and children". Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 155. Elsevier. pp. 301–312. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64189-2.00020-2. ISBN 978-0-444-64189-2. ISSN 0072-9752. PMID 29891068.
- Handbook of Neurosurgery, Greenberg, M.D., Thieme 2006
External links
[edit]- Anatomy figure: 28:02-07 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
- http://neuroangio.org/anatomy-and-variants/superior-cerebellar-artery/
- "Anatomy diagram: 13048.000-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2014-01-01.
