St. Boniface Indian School
St. Boniface Indian School was a Roman Catholic American Indian School in Banning, California.
It belonged to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Monterey-Los Angeles.[1] It opened in 1890, providing vocational education to Cahuilla, Serrano, Luiseño, Kumeyaay, and other American Indians.[2][3]
The school had a forced Americanization program that was to make students follow Euro-American culture. There is a cemetery that has graves of deceased students.[4]
History
[edit]It began operations in 1890.[5] Bishop Francisco Mora y Borrell authorized the school and Mother Katharine Drexel provided funding to the Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions for purchase of the land, construction, and operations.[6][7] Over its history, about 8,000 students attended the school.[6] Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet provided the teaching staff.[8]
The inspiration for the school's main building was the facility of the St. Joseph's Indian Normal School in Rensselaer, Indiana.[9]
St. Anthony's Industrial School in San Diego in 1907, with students sent to St. Boniface.[8]
Its role as an Indian school ended in 1952. The replacement institution, New Hope USA, was for adjudicated delinquents and students from low income backgrounds.[5]
The building was demolished in 1974.[6] A small abandoned cemetery remains.[10]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Harley, R. Bruce (1999). "The Founding of St. Boniface Indian School, 1888-1890". Southern California Quarterly. 81 (4). The Historical Society of Southern California: 449–466. doi:10.2307/41171974. JSTOR 41171974.
Notes
[edit]- ^ Harley, "The Founding of St. Boniface Indian School, 1888-1890," p. 449.
- ^ Murkland, Pat (May 10, 2009). "Inside St. Boniface". Ahunika'. Dorothy Ramon Learning Center.
- 33°56′18″N 116°53′19″W / 33.93835°N 116.88863°W: U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Saint Boniface School
- And see: Precious Blood Catholic Church and St. Boniface Indian School, Banning, California: 1890–1990, the first hundred years. Chattanooga, TN: Olan Mills. 1990. OCLC 31345410.
- ^ Harley, Bruce (1994). Readings in Diocesan Heritage. Vol. 8, Seek and ye shall find: St. Boniface Indian Industrial School, 1888–1978. San Bernardino, CA: Diocese of San Bernardino. pp. i–137. OCLC 29934736.
- ^ "Federal probe of American Indian boarding schools reflects dark chapter in U.S. history". The Mercury News. July 5, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
They were forbidden to speak their language and practice their culture.
- ^ a b "Former St. Boniface School under scrutiny after Canadian revelations". Inland Catholic Byte. Roman Catholic Diocese of San Bernardino. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
- ^ a b c "The St. Boniface Indian/Industrial School" (PDF). Banning Record Gazette. Banning Public Library. September 9, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 6, 2014. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
- ^ Rathbun, Tanya L. (2006). "6. Hail Mary: The Catholic Experience at St. Boniface Indian School". In Clifford E. Trafzer; Jean A. Keller; Lorene Sisquoc (eds.). Boarding House Blues: Revisiting American Indian Educational Experiences. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0803244467. OCLC 63703921.
- ^ a b McNeil, Teresa Baksh (Summer 1988). "St. Anthony's Indian School in San Diego, 1886-1907". The Journal of San Diego History. San Diego Historical Society.
- ^ Harley, "The Founding of St. Boniface Indian School, 1888-1890," p. 450.
- ^ Holtzclaw, Kenneth M. (2006). Banning. Arcadia Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 978-0738529929.
Further reading
[edit]- Harley, Bruce (1994). Seek and ye shall find: St. Boniface Indian Industrial School, 1888–1978. Readings in Diocesan Heritage. Vol. 8. San Bernardino, Calif.: Diocese of San Bernardino. pp. i–137. OCLC 29934736.