Cenchrus echinatus

Cenchrus echinatus
	On Kure Atoll
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Panicoideae
Genus:	Cenchrus
Species:	C. echinatus
Binomial name
	Cenchrus echinatus; L.
Synonyms
	Cenchrus cavanillesii Tausch ; Panicastrella muricata Moench ; Cenchrus brevisetus E.Fourn. ex Hemsl. ; Cenchrus crinitus Mez ; Cenchrus hillebrandianus Hitchc. ; Cenchrus insularis Scribn. ; Cenchrus pungens Kunth ;

Cenchrus echinatus is a species of grass known by the common names southern sandbur,^[3] spiny sandbur,^[4] southern sandspur, and in Australia, Mossman River grass.^[5]^[6] It is native to North and South America. It is a clump-forming annual grass growing up to 80 cm (31 in) tall. The leaves occur with or without hairs and measure up to 12 mm (0.47 in) wide. The ligule is a fringe of hairs. The grass has barbed burrs of 4–10 mm (0.16–0.39 in) long.

In Australia it forms an invasive weed in coastal situations.^[6]

Ecology

The species is invasive in New Caledonia,^[7] Tahiti, and Rarotonga.^[8]

Gallery

In Brazil
In the Florida Keys

References

^ Bárrios, S. & Copeland, A. (2021). "Cenchrus echinatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T13506981A192150221. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Cenchrus echinatus". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
^ NRCS. "Cenchrus echinatus". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 13 January 2016.
^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
^ "University of Florida IFAS Extension Southern Sandspur (Southern Sandbur), Cenchrus echinatus L." Archived from the original on 2008-06-20. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
^ ^a ^b Cenchrus echinatus. Archived September 18, 2009, at the Wayback Machine National Weeds Strategy.
^ Hequet, Vanessa (2009). LES ESPÈCES EXOTIQUES ENVAHISSANTES DE NOUVELLE-CALÉDONIE (PDF) (in French). p. 17.
^ "Piri-Piri ~ Piripiri". Te Māra Reo: The Language Garden. Benton Family Trust. 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.

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[IUCN-1] Bárrios, S. & Copeland, A. (2021). "Cenchrus echinatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T13506981A192150221. Retrieved 24 November 2023.

[POWO-2] "Cenchrus echinatus". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 25 November 2023.

[3] NRCS. "Cenchrus echinatus". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 13 January 2016.

[BSBI07-4] BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.

[5] "University of Florida IFAS Extension Southern Sandspur (Southern Sandbur), Cenchrus echinatus L." Archived from the original on 2008-06-20. Retrieved 2008-06-15.

[au-6] Cenchrus echinatus. Archived September 18, 2009, at the Wayback Machine National Weeds Strategy.

[7] Hequet, Vanessa (2009). LES ESPÈCES EXOTIQUES ENVAHISSANTES DE NOUVELLE-CALÉDONIE (PDF) (in French). p. 17.

[8] "Piri-Piri ~ Piripiri". Te Māra Reo: The Language Garden. Benton Family Trust. 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.

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