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== Appearances ==
== Appearances ==
Goku first appears in the [[manga]] chapter {{nihongo|''Bulma and Son Goku''|ブルマと孫悟空|Buruma to Son Gokū}} first published in Japan's ''[[Weekly Shōnen Jump]]'' magazine on December 3, 1984.<ref name="firstsj">{{Cite comic |cartoonist = [[Akira Toriyama|Toriyama, Akira]]|story = ブルマと孫悟空|volume= 17|title = Weekly Shonen Jump|issue = 51|date = December 3, 1984 |publisher = [[Shueisha]]|location = Japan|page = 2}}</ref> In the beginning of the ''Dragon Ball'' series, Goku is a strong, monkey-tailed child who was adopted by the hermit [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Grandpa Gohan|Son Gohan]]. Prior to the series' beginning, he accidentally killed Gohan during a full-moon night when he transformed into a giant ape-like creature. Living alone, Goku befriends a teenage girl named [[Bulma]], and joins her on her quest to find the seven magic Dragon Balls, which, when gathered together, summon the wish-granting dragon [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Shenron|Shenron]]. Along their journey, they encounter the desert bandit [[Yamcha]], and two [[Shapeshifting|shapeshifters]] named [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Oolong|Oolong]] and [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Puar|Puar]], who also join them on their quest. Goku later trains under the martial artist [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Master Roshi|Master Roshi]] on his island while his maid [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Launch|Launch]] does housework. Goku also trains along with a fellow student named [[Krillin]], who becomes his best friend. Participating in various martial arts tournaments, Goku battles various foes-turned-allies such as [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Tien Shinhan|Tien Shinhan]] and [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Chiaotzu|Chiaotzu]], as well as the Namekian [[Piccolo (Dragon Ball)|Piccolo]]. With the defeat of Piccolo, Goku becomes the World Martial Arts Champion.
Goku first appears in the [[manga]] chapter {{nihongo|''Bulma and Son Goku''|ブルマと孫悟空|Buruma to Son Gokū}} first published in Japan's ''[[Weekly Shōnen Jump]]'' magazine on December 3, 1984.<ref name="firstsj">{{Cite comic |cartoonist = [[Akira Toriyama|Toriyama, Akira]]|story = ブルマと孫悟空|volume= 17|title = Weekly Shonen Jump|issue = 51|date = December 3, 1984 |publisher = [[Shueisha]]|location = Japan|page = 2}}</ref> In the beginning of the ''Dragon Ball'' series, Goku is a strong, monkey-tailed child who was adopted by the hermit [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Grandpa Gohan|Son Gohan]]. Prior to the series' beginning, he accidentally killed Gohan during a full-moon night when he transformed into a giant ape-like creature. Living alone, Goku befriends a teenage girl named [[Bulma]], and joins her on her quest to find the seven magic Dragon Balls, which, when gathered together, summon the wish-granting dragon [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Shenron|Shenron]]. Bulma is only the second human Goku has seen in his life, so he is fascinated by modern technology and female anatomy. Along their journey, they encounter the desert bandit [[Yamcha]], and two [[Shapeshifting|shapeshifters]] named [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Oolong|Oolong]] and [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Puar|Puar]], who also join them on their quest. Goku later trains under the martial artist [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Master Roshi|Master Roshi]] on his island while his maid [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Launch|Launch]] does housework. Goku also trains along with a fellow student named [[Krillin]], who becomes his best friend. Participating in various martial arts tournaments, Goku battles various foes-turned-allies such as [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Tien Shinhan|Tien Shinhan]] and [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Chiaotzu|Chiaotzu]], as well as the Namekian [[Piccolo (Dragon Ball)|Piccolo]]. With the defeat of Piccolo, Goku becomes the World Martial Arts Champion.


Five years later, Goku meets his older brother, [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Raditz|Raditz]], an encounter that results in his death after he learns about his own heritage. Originally named {{nihongo|Kakarrot|カカロット|Kakarotto|spelled as "Kakarot" in [[Funimation Entertainment|Funimation]]'s anime dub<!-- Funimation's dub includes both the original Ocean dub, which they and Saban were involved with, and their own in-house dub. -->}},<ref>{{cite book |last1= Toriyama|first1= Akira|authorlink1= Akira Toriyama|title= かつてない恐怖|series= Dragon Ball|volume= 17|date= May 15, 1989|publisher= [[Shueisha]]|language= Japanese|isbn= 4-08-851614-1|page= |pages= |chapter= 195-204}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1= Toriyama|first1= Akira|authorlink1= Akira Toriyama|title= 孫悟空とピッコロ大魔王|series= Dragon Ball|volume= 18|date= July 15, 1989|publisher= [[Shueisha]]|language= Japanese|isbn= 4-08-851615-X|page= |pages= |chapter= 205 あの世でファイト！！}}</ref> Goku was born a member of a fictional race of extraterrestrials called Saiyans. Shortly following his birth, Goku was sent from his home, a fictional planet named Vegeta, to prepare Earth for sale on the intergalactic market by destroying all its life.<ref name=a>{{cite book |last1= Toriyama|first1= Akira|authorlink1= Akira Toriyama|title= Dragon Ball Daizenshu 7: Dragon Ball Encyclopedia|series= Dragon Ball|date= February 25, 1996|publisher= [[Shueisha]]|language= Japanese|isbn= 4-08-782756-9|page= |pages= |chapter= }}</ref> While Gohan was taking care of him, an injury to his head caused him severe [[amnesia]] and Goku forgot his mission to conquer Earth.<ref name=a/> Following the wish for his revival from the Dragon Balls, Goku continues to face other enemies linked to his heritage, such as the Saiyan prince [[Vegeta]], who eventually becomes his ally, and the galactic tyrant [[Frieza]], whose actions cause Goku to transform into a Super Saiyan. After his epic battle with Frieza, the focus on Goku's past is shifted away, as new enemies are introduced. When the androids appear, Goku contracts a heart virus that the time-traveler [[Trunks (Dragon Ball)|Trunks]] warned him about earlier, but is able to recover thanks to the medicine that Trunks had given him. Later on, Goku trains his first child, [[Son Gohan]] (named after his late adoptive grandfather), to be his successor and sacrifices himself for a second time during the battle against the evil life form [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Cell|Cell]]. Goku returns to Earth from the afterlife seven years later and meets his second child, [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Son Goten|Son Goten]]. Shortly after, he participates in the next martial arts tournament, however he is drawn into a battle for the universe against the deadly monster [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Majin Buu|Majin Buu]]. Goku also battles Vegeta after he is taken under control by the wizard [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Babidi|Babidi]]. Later on, Goku destroys Buu with his ''Spirit Bomb'' technique. During the martial arts tournament held ten years after Buu's defeat, Goku meets Buu's human reincarnation, [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Uub|Uub]], and takes off with him, intending to train him as another successor.<ref>{{cite episode|title=Even Stronger!! Goku's Dream is Super-Huge|airdate=January 31, 1996|number=291|series=Dragon Ball Z}}</ref>
Five years later, Goku meets his older brother, [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Raditz|Raditz]], an encounter that results in his death after he learns about his own heritage. Originally named {{nihongo|Kakarrot|カカロット|Kakarotto|spelled as "Kakarot" in [[Funimation Entertainment|Funimation]]'s anime dub<!-- Funimation's dub includes both the original Ocean dub, which they and Saban were involved with, and their own in-house dub. -->}},<ref>{{cite book |last1= Toriyama|first1= Akira|authorlink1= Akira Toriyama|title= かつてない恐怖|series= Dragon Ball|volume= 17|date= May 15, 1989|publisher= [[Shueisha]]|language= Japanese|isbn= 4-08-851614-1|page= |pages= |chapter= 195-204}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1= Toriyama|first1= Akira|authorlink1= Akira Toriyama|title= 孫悟空とピッコロ大魔王|series= Dragon Ball|volume= 18|date= July 15, 1989|publisher= [[Shueisha]]|language= Japanese|isbn= 4-08-851615-X|page= |pages= |chapter= 205 あの世でファイト！！}}</ref> Goku was born a member of a fictional race of extraterrestrials called Saiyans. Shortly following his birth, Goku was sent from his home, a fictional planet named Vegeta, to prepare Earth for sale on the intergalactic market by destroying all its life.<ref name=a>{{cite book |last1= Toriyama|first1= Akira|authorlink1= Akira Toriyama|title= Dragon Ball Daizenshu 7: Dragon Ball Encyclopedia|series= Dragon Ball|date= February 25, 1996|publisher= [[Shueisha]]|language= Japanese|isbn= 4-08-782756-9|page= |pages= |chapter= }}</ref> While Gohan was taking care of him, an injury to his head caused him severe [[amnesia]] and Goku forgot his mission to conquer Earth.<ref name=a/> Following the wish for his revival from the Dragon Balls, Goku continues to face other enemies linked to his heritage, such as the Saiyan prince [[Vegeta]], who eventually becomes his ally, and the galactic tyrant [[Frieza]], whose actions cause Goku to transform into a Super Saiyan. After his epic battle with Frieza, the focus on Goku's past is shifted away, as new enemies are introduced. When the androids appear, Goku contracts a heart virus that the time-traveler [[Trunks (Dragon Ball)|Trunks]] warned him about earlier, but is able to recover thanks to the medicine that Trunks had given him. Later on, Goku trains his first child, [[Son Gohan]] (named after his late adoptive grandfather), to be his successor and sacrifices himself for a second time during the battle against the evil life form [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Cell|Cell]]. Goku returns to Earth from the afterlife seven years later and meets his second child, [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Son Goten|Son Goten]]. Shortly after, he participates in the next martial arts tournament, however he is drawn into a battle for the universe against the deadly monster [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Majin Buu|Majin Buu]]. Goku also battles Vegeta after he is taken under control by the wizard [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Babidi|Babidi]]. Later on, Goku destroys Buu with his ''Spirit Bomb'' technique. During the martial arts tournament held ten years after Buu's defeat, Goku meets Buu's human reincarnation, [[List of Dragon Ball characters#Uub|Uub]], and takes off with him, intending to train him as another successor.<ref>{{cite episode|title=Even Stronger!! Goku's Dream is Super-Huge|airdate=January 31, 1996|number=291|series=Dragon Ball Z}}</ref>

Revision as of 23:20, 28 August 2011

Template:Chinese name

Son Goku
Dragon Ball character
File:Son Goku YoungAdult.PNG
Son Goku by Akira Toriyama
First appearanceDragon Ball chapter 1
Created byAkira Toriyama
In-universe information
AliasKakarrot (birth name)
Zero (Harmony Gold dub)
RelativesBardock (father)
Raditz (brother)
Chi Chi (wife)
Son Gohan (son)
Son Goten (son)

Son Goku (孫 悟空, Son Gokū, addressed only as Goku in most English adaptations) is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the Dragon Ball franchise created by Akira Toriyama. He is loosely based on Sun Wukong, a central character in Journey to the West. However, Toriyama changed some of his characteristics to be more original. Goku is introduced as an odd, monkey-tailed boy who practices martial arts and possesses superhuman strength.[1] Though initially believed to be an Earthling, it is later revealed that Goku is part of an extraterrestrial warrior race known as the Saiyans.[2]

Dragon Ball follows Goku as he trains in various martial arts and searches the planet for the mythical Dragon Balls. Through his adventures he meets many others who share similar goals, such as Bulma who travels with him to find the Dragon Balls. As Goku matures, he becomes one of Earth's strongest warriors and protects it from villains who wish to harm his adopted home planet. Goku is depicted as being carefree and aloof when at ease but is quick to become serious in a fight. Like other characters in the series, Goku is able to concentrate his chi in order to use various energy based attacks, the most prominent being his signature Kamehameha, an attack that launches a blue energy wave from his hands.

As the franchise's main protagonist, Goku has starred in most of the episodes, films, TV specials, and OVAs of the anime series Dragon Ball, Dragon Ball Z, Dragon Ball GT, and Dragon Ball Z Kai, as well as many of the spin-off video games. Due to the series' widespread popularity in many countries, he has become one of the most recognizable and iconic anime characters worldwide. Outside of the Dragon Ball franchise, Goku has had cameo appearances in Toriyama's self-parody series Neko Majin Z. He has also been the subject of other parodies and has appeared in various special events. Goku's critical reception has been largely positive, with many praising him as one of the greatest manga/anime characters of all time.

Conception and creation

Goku was based on one of Akira Toriyama's earlier characters named Tanton, a fictional protagonist who appeared in a one-shot series called Dragon Boy.[3] In this story, Tanton's odd physical characteristic was a pair of wings. When Toriyama decided to create Dragon Ball, he used Chinese author Wu Cheng'en's 16th century classic novel Journey to the West as inspiration for his own series. The name Toriyama adopted for the character is the Japanese romanization of 孫悟空 (Sun Wukong), who is the central character of the novel. To be creative with the character, Toriyama stated that he designed Goku to be a human boy and girl with a monkey tail and Cat ear and a cat tail, instead of being a complete simian like Sun Wukong. He decided to do this because the tail would be visible even when Goku was trying to hide;[3] similarly, in Journey to the West, Sun Wukong is able to assume human form except that he retains his tail. Though Goku is treated as a person from another planet, Toriyama initially had the idea to make him an Earthling, but, with the introduction of new fighters from other planets, it was later established that Goku is a Saiyan. In order to advance the story faster, Toriyama gave Goku the ability to teleport to any planet in just a few seconds.[4]

Toriyama explained that Goku's gi martial arts uniform is modeled after the robes worn by the Shaolin monks of China, being that he wanted Dragon Ball to take on a Chinese feel.[5] During early developments of the manga, various readers commented that Goku was rather plain, so the author changed his appearance and added several characters like Master Roshi and Krillin, then created martial arts tournaments to make the manga more fighting based. Since it was commented that Goku would surely win the tournaments, Toriyama made him lose in the first two tournaments that he participated in, however made him the victor in the third. With the conclusion of the Cell arc, Son Gohan was meant to replace his father as the main protagonist; Toriyama later decided that Gohan was unsuitable for that part so he avoided doing that.[3]

Design

Goku is usually recognized by his unique hairstyle, which never changes its length throughout the series except in his Super Saiyan forms (in which his hair changes color and length based on the form he ascends to). This is explained by Vegeta to be a common characteristic of full-blooded Saiyans.[6] Aside from his Super Saiyan 4 state, Goku's hair turns from black to blonde after ascending to a Super Saiyan and there irises turn from black to green. Due to his devotion to Earth, Goku prefers dressing in a gi uniform, and has refused offers to adorn the Saiyan battle fatigues, being that he considers himself an Earthling.[7] However,he is seen donning Saiyan battle fatigues designed by Bulma, during the time he trains with Gohan in the Room of Spirit and Time at Kami's Palace, prior to the Cell Games.[8] In his early childhood, Goku was first introduced wearing a blue gi uniform with red wristbands and a white belt tied in a bow.[9] Throughout Dragon Ball Z, Goku is most commonly seen wearing an orange gi uniform with a blue undershirt, blue wristbands, a blue belt tied in a knot, and striped boots. Goku is also often seen to wear the encircled kanji of his training masters on the front and back of this uniform; the first kanji being Master Roshi's, "kame" (亀, meaning "turtle"),[10] the second kanji being King Kai's, "kaio" (界王, meaning "world king")[11] and the third being his own kanji "Go" (悟, meaning "wisdom" or "enlightenment").[12] Eventually he stops wearing a kanji[13] and also replaces his knot-tied belt with a blue obi.[13] In Dragon Ball GT, Goku's entire appearance was revamped, featuring him wearing a blue fold-over shirt, yellow pants, pink wristbands, and white shinguards, as well as a more tan skin complexion.[14]

Voice actors

In the Japanese version of the entire Dragon Ball anime series (and all subsequent spin-offs in the franchise), Goku has been voiced by Masako Nozawa.[15] In the numerous English productions of the anime, however, the voice actor for Goku has changed as a result of different companies producing the dub, switching ADR companies and recording studios, or due to actors quitting. In most non-Japanese languages, the actors for Goku's child and adult forms have been kept separate.

Child Goku alone has had several different English voice actors. In Harmony Gold's dub of Dragon Ball, Goku (renamed "Zero") was voiced by Barbara Goodson.[16] In Funimation's various dubs, child Goku was voiced by Saffron Henderson in the first 13 episodes of Dragon Ball and the movie Curse of the Blood Rubies (produced in association with BLT Productions),[17] Ceyli Delgadillo in the movies Sleeping Princess in Devil's Castle and Mystical Adventure,[17] Stephanie Nadolny in their re-dub of Dragon Ball, as well as all other Dragon Ball media from 2001–2010,[17] and Colleen Clinkenbeard in Dragon Ball Z Kai and in their re-dub of Curse of the Blood Rubies.[18] In Chinook Animation's dub of Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball GT (produced in association with Blue Water Studios), child Goku was voiced by Zoe Slusar.[19] In Bandai's English release of the video game Dragon Ball GT: Final Bout, Brianne Siddall was the voice of child Goku.[20]

As an adult, Goku has another large set of English voice actors. In Creative Products Corporation's dub of Dragon Ball Z (produced in association with Animation International), he was voiced by Nesty Calvo Ramirez.[21] In Funimation's dub of Dragon Ball Z produced in association with Saban and Ocean Productions, adult Goku was voiced by Ian James Corlett in episodes 1-49 (1-37 in edited episode numbering) and the movie The Tree of Might, and by Peter Kelamis in episodes 50-67 (38-53 edited).[22] In Geneon's dub of the movies Dead Zone, The World's Strongest and The Tree of Might (produced in association with Funimation and Ocean Productions), Peter Kelamis again voiced adult Goku.[23] In Westwood Media's dub of Dragon Ball Z (produced in association with Ocean Productions), adult Goku was voiced by Peter Kelamis in episodes 108-158 and by Kirby Morrow in episodes 159-291.[24] In Chinook Animation's dub of Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball GT (produced in association with Blue Water Studios), adult Goku was voiced by Jeffrey Watson in Dragon Ball and Jeremiah Yurk in Dragon Ball GT.[19] In Bandai's English version of Dragon Ball GT: Final Bout, Steven Blum provided the voice of teen Goku.[20] In Funimation's in-house dub of the entire Dragon Ball franchise, adult Goku has been voiced consistently by Sean Schemmel.[25]

Abilities

Goku in his regular state, and in several of his Super Saiyan forms.

Through constant training, Goku has achieved many extraordinary abilities; aside from his extreme strength and incredible durability, he also possesses super speed,[26] reflexes and can perform energy blasts which are formed from chi. As a child, Goku wielded the Nyoi-bo (如意棒, lit. "Mind Stick", renamed "Power Pole" in Funimation's anime dub), a magic staff that extends and retracts on command, which was given to him by his adoptive grandfather.[9] Originally Goku's main means of conveyance was on a magic cloud called Kinto-un (筋斗雲, lit. "Somersault Cloud", renamed "Nimbus" in Funimation's dub), which was given to him as a child by Master Roshi for saving his pet sea turtle.[27] After his training with Kami he learns to fly through the technique Bukū-jutsu (舞空術, lit. "Air Dance Technique") and uses the cloud less and less as the series progresses.

Goku's signature move is the Kamehameha (かめはめ波, lit. "Kamehame Wave"), an energy blast technique, which he learned empirically from Master Roshi.[28] Another notable technique of Goku's is the Kaiō-ken (界王拳, lit. "World King Fist"), an attack that multiplies his chi and strength for an instant, but can also put a strain on his body afterwards; this was taught to him by King Kai.[29] However, Goku's most powerful attack is the Genki Dama (元気玉, lit. "Good Spirit Ball", renamed "Spirit Bomb" in Funimation's dub), an energy sphere created by gathering chi from surrounding life forms, which he also learned from King Kai.[11] Goku also learns a teleportation skill called Shunkan Idō (瞬間移動, lit. "Instant Teleport", renamed "Instant Transmission" in Funimation's dub), which he learned from the inhabitants of a fictional planet called Yardrat.[30]

Goku is also the only Saiyan in the series to achieve all the Saiyan transformations seen in the manga and in the anime. In Dragon Ball, he is able to transform into a gigantic ape creature called an Ōzaru (大猿, lit. "Great Monkey", renamed "Great Ape" or "Giant Ape" in Funimation's dub) when he stares at a full moon whilst possessing a Saiyan tail. Goku loses the ability to make this transformation when Yamcha and Puar cut off his tail,[31] and though it grows back again, the tail is later permanently removed by Kami.[32] However, in Dragon Ball GT, Goku is able to use this transformation once more after regrowing his tail with the Elder Kai's help.[33] In Dragon Ball Z, Goku becomes the first Super Saiyan in a millennium after being overcome with rage over the murder of Krillin at the hands of Frieza during their battle on Planet Namek.[34] As the series progresses, he achieves every single advanced form of Super Saiyan. Each transformation changes Goku's appearance and enhances his abilities by an incredible amount.

Goku can also fuse with Vegeta and thus, create a warrior who has the combined power and skills of both Saiyans. One method is by using the Potara Earrings, presented to Goku by the Elder Kai, which results in a 'perfect fusion', creating Vegito ("Vegerot" in Viz Media's manga translation).[35] The other method is by performing the Metamorese Fusion Dance, which creates Gogeta. If the dance is performed incorrectly, it forms the obese Veku.[36]

Appearances

Goku first appears in the manga chapter Bulma and Son Goku (ブルマと孫悟空, Buruma to Son Gokū) first published in Japan's Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine on December 3, 1984.[9] In the beginning of the Dragon Ball series, Goku is a strong, monkey-tailed child who was adopted by the hermit Son Gohan. Prior to the series' beginning, he accidentally killed Gohan during a full-moon night when he transformed into a giant ape-like creature. Living alone, Goku befriends a teenage girl named Bulma, and joins her on her quest to find the seven magic Dragon Balls, which, when gathered together, summon the wish-granting dragon Shenron. Bulma is only the second human Goku has seen in his life, so he is fascinated by modern technology and female anatomy. Along their journey, they encounter the desert bandit Yamcha, and two shapeshifters named Oolong and Puar, who also join them on their quest. Goku later trains under the martial artist Master Roshi on his island while his maid Launch does housework. Goku also trains along with a fellow student named Krillin, who becomes his best friend. Participating in various martial arts tournaments, Goku battles various foes-turned-allies such as Tien Shinhan and Chiaotzu, as well as the Namekian Piccolo. With the defeat of Piccolo, Goku becomes the World Martial Arts Champion.

Five years later, Goku meets his older brother, Raditz, an encounter that results in his death after he learns about his own heritage. Originally named Kakarrot (カカロット, Kakarotto, spelled as "Kakarot" in Funimation's anime dub),[37][38] Goku was born a member of a fictional race of extraterrestrials called Saiyans. Shortly following his birth, Goku was sent from his home, a fictional planet named Vegeta, to prepare Earth for sale on the intergalactic market by destroying all its life.[39] While Gohan was taking care of him, an injury to his head caused him severe amnesia and Goku forgot his mission to conquer Earth.[39] Following the wish for his revival from the Dragon Balls, Goku continues to face other enemies linked to his heritage, such as the Saiyan prince Vegeta, who eventually becomes his ally, and the galactic tyrant Frieza, whose actions cause Goku to transform into a Super Saiyan. After his epic battle with Frieza, the focus on Goku's past is shifted away, as new enemies are introduced. When the androids appear, Goku contracts a heart virus that the time-traveler Trunks warned him about earlier, but is able to recover thanks to the medicine that Trunks had given him. Later on, Goku trains his first child, Son Gohan (named after his late adoptive grandfather), to be his successor and sacrifices himself for a second time during the battle against the evil life form Cell. Goku returns to Earth from the afterlife seven years later and meets his second child, Son Goten. Shortly after, he participates in the next martial arts tournament, however he is drawn into a battle for the universe against the deadly monster Majin Buu. Goku also battles Vegeta after he is taken under control by the wizard Babidi. Later on, Goku destroys Buu with his Spirit Bomb technique. During the martial arts tournament held ten years after Buu's defeat, Goku meets Buu's human reincarnation, Uub, and takes off with him, intending to train him as another successor.[40]

In the anime sequel, Dragon Ball GT, Goku is transformed back into a child by an accidental wish made by his old enemy Emperor Pilaf using the Black Star Dragon Balls.[41] Shortly after he, Trunks, and his granddaughter Pan travel around the universe to locate the Black Star Dragon Balls and return them to Earth. Goku later battles the evil Tuffle Baby, Super Android 17 and the evil shadow dragons. His final challenge is against Omega Shenron, who he eventually destroys using the Spirit Bomb.[42] Goku leaves with the original form of Shenron, only to appear 100 years later at the next martial arts tournament as an adult once more, where he is seen observing the battle between his descendant, Goku Jr., and Vegeta's descendant. An elderly Pan spots her grandfather, but he quickly departs.[43]

In other media

Goku has made several appearances in other media including, but not limited to, an unofficial Chinese live-action film[44] and an unofficial Korean live-action film[45] Goku also appears in the 2009 20th Century Fox feature Dragonball Evolution, portrayed by actor Justin Chatwin.[46] In addition to his film appearances, Goku appears in virtually every Dragon Ball licensed electronic game to date including crossover games such as Jump Super Stars and Jump Ultimate Stars. In 1992, Goku would be featured in the interactive Videkko game Dragon Ball Z: Get Together! Goku World.[47] Here, Goku and gang would travel back in time to review events in the Dragon Ball timeline, even interacting with his younger self. In 2006, he is featured in the Dragon Ball Z/One Piece/Naruto crossover game Battle Stadium D.O.N. In December 2007, Goku, along with Naruto Uzumaki and Monkey D. Luffy, made guest appearances in avatar form in the MMORPG Second Life for a Jump Festa promotion titled Jumpland@Second Life.[48] Goku also makes an appearance in the Dr. Slump and Arale-chan video game for the Nintendo DS.[49] Goku has also been featured and mentioned in various songs. "Son Goku Song"[50] and "Gokū no Gokigen Jānī"[51] feature Goku as a child singing happily about himself. During his adult years the song "Aitsu wa Son Gokū" by Hironobu Kageyama, where Kageyama praises everything about Goku,[52] and the duet "Ore-tachi no Energy"[53] feature spoken words by the character. For the release of single to the Dragonball Evolution international theme song "Rule" Toriyama supplied CD artwork of singer Ayumi Hamasaki dressed as Goku.[54]

Goku has often been deemed a positive role model for children throughout Japan. In June 1988, Goku and other Dragon Ball characters were featured in two PSA shorts. The first short was entitled The Goku Traffic Safety (悟空の交通安全, Gokū no Kōtsū Anzen) where Goku is taught the importance of obeying traffic safety by others.[55] The second was called The Goku Fire Fighting Regiment (悟空の消防隊, Gokū no Shōbō-tai) where he teaches two children the importance of fire safety.[55]

File:Son Goku and Kuniko Yamada.PNG
Goku's appearance on Yamada Katsute-nai Wink.

Goku has made guest appearances in various Japanese television shows and manga. In 2005, Goku appears in the Toriyama parody manga Neko Majin Z where he is the sensei of the main character Z.[56] On September 15, 2006, Goku, Vegeta, and Frieza made a guest appearance in a chapter of the Kochikame manga Super Kochikame entitled Kochira Namek-Sei Dragon Kōen-mae Hashutsujo (こちらナメック星ドラゴン公園前派出所). Here Ryotsu Kankichi travels to Namek and tries to issue Frieza a citation and later scolds Goku for parking their ships illegally.[57] Goku with the other Dragon Ball characters would teamup with the cast of One Piece in a crossover manga titled Cross Epoch.[58]

Goku has often been the subject of various parodies over the years. In the episode Career Day of Takeshi's Castle, known in the United States as MXC, the hosts Beat Takeshi and Sonomanma Higashi were dressed as popular anime characters one was Kid Goku and the other was Doraemon.[59] Shonen Jump's Gag Special 2005 issue released on November 12, 2004, featured a Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo one-shot Dragon Ball parody manga. The manga was a humorous retelling of the battle between Goku and Vegeta in the Saiyan Saga.[60] In chapter #179 of the Yakitate!! Japan manga Kawachi would execute a Genki Dama parody called a Shinrai Dama (信頼玉, lit. "Trust Ball") on the character Katsuo.[61]

File:Son Goku and Masaharu Miyake.PNG
Goku's appearance as a commentator at the 2007 Nippon Ijin Taishō.

Goku is also a regular commodity for Fuji TV. In 2003, Goku appeared in the interactive feature Kyutai Panic Adventure! (球体パニックアドベンチャー!, Kyūtai Panikku Adobenchā!, Orb Panic Adventure!) which was featured exclusively at the Fuji TV headquarters in the Kyutai or orb section. Here Frieza attacks the visiting tourist by blasting the orb section free from the rest of the Fuji TV building, prompting Goku to do battle with Frieza over the real life aqua city of Odaiba.[62][63] This would be followed up with 2004's Kyūtai Panic Adventure Returns! (球体パニックアドベンチャーリターンズ!, Kyūtai Panikku Adobenchā Ritānzu!, Orb Panic Adventure Returns!).[64] On March 25, 2006, Goku and Frieza both appeared in an original animated short in the IQ Mirror Mistake 7 (ＩＱミラーまちがい７, Aikyū Mirā Machigai Nana) segment of the Japanese game show IQ Supplement (IQサプリ, IQ Sapuri, or IQ Supli).[65] On April 7, 2007, Goku and Fuji TV announcer Masaharu Miyake were commentators to the anime segment in Nippon Ijin Taishō (日本偉人大賞, Japan Great Man Awards) titled Saikyō no Ijin ha Dare? (最強の偉人は誰？, Who is the Strongest Hero?). The segment featured a special tournament that would decide who was the greatest person in Japanese history. During the intermission, Goku managed to plug the then soon be released copies of the R2 Dragon Ball DVDs.[66]

Since the U.S. debut of Dragon Ball Z in 1996, Goku has also struck a chord in American pop culture. He was featured in an issue of Wizard magazine where he was matched up in a hypothetical battle against Superman.[67] In the Codename: Kids Next Door episode "Operation: R.E.P.O.R.T", Numbuh Four's version of the story is a spoof of the Goku and Frieza battle from Dragon Ball Z.[68] Goku made an appearance in Robot Chicken. In a sketch entitled A Very Dragon Ball Z Christmas, Goku and Gohan fight an evil Mrs. Claus alongside Santa's reindeer, in an attempt to save Christmas.[69] The SNL sketch TV Funhouse titled Kobayashi depicts real life hot dog eating champion Takeru Kobayashi with the ability to transform into a Super Saiyan as he prepares to eat hot dogs. Goku himself makes a brief cameo near the end.[70]

Reception

Goku has been very well received by publications for manga, anime and other media. Anime News Network noted Goku to be a good source of comedy for the series and remarked that after all the events that happen to him he is still the same naive character.[71] THEM Anime Reviews noted that Goku is not the omnipowerful one in the first series unlike Dragon Ball Z, nor does he randomly disappear for long stretches of time between sagas. They also liked how the series depict all of his adventures, making him a good main character.[72] Rationalmagic.com praised Goku's innocence as one of the funniest parts of the series.[73] According to Julius Weideman, Goku's journey and ever growing strength resulted in the character winning "the admiration of young boys everywhere."[74] Goku was even featured as #1 in IGN's Top 25 Anime Characters of All Time.[75] He also had the same place in Mania Entertainment's 10 Most Iconic Anime Heroes written by Thomas Zoth who commented that "Goku and Dragon Ball completely revolutionized the shonen genre."[76] In a Newtype poll from March 2010, Goku was voted as the fourth most popular male character from the 1980s.[77]

Several pieces of merchandising based on Goku has also been released including action figures,[78][79] plushes,[80][81] and keychains.[82] In 2005, The Daily Reader printed an article entitled "The Greatest Geek Movie Heroes of All Time". Goku is the only animated character on the list, coming in nine places after the winner.[83] Goku has also been featured various time in the Animage's Anime Grand Prix polls taking ranking once as the second most popular male anime character in 1989.[84][85] Other manga artists, One Piece creator Eiichiro Oda and Naruto creator Masashi Kishimoto, have stated that Goku inspired their series' main protagonists.[86][87] In 2000, Goku placed third in an Animax poll of favorite anime characters.[88] In a survey conducted by Oricon in 2007 between 1,000 people, Goku ranked first place as the "Strongest Manga character of all time."[89] In the survey "friendship" developed by rankingjapan.com in which people had to choose what anime character they would like to have as a friend, Goku ranked fifth.[90] Masako Nozawa, the Japanese voice actor of Goku, has commented she liked when he lost his tail because that made him more normal but liked that the character was still the same in the end of the series.[91] Jackie Chan has gone on record stating that Goku is his favorite Dragon Ball character.[92]

The German rock band Son Goku takes their name from Goku. The band's front man Thomas D specifically chose the name as Goku embodies the band's philosophy. Stating he was "fascinated by Goku's naïveté and cheerfulness, yet, at the same time, a great warrior saving the world."[93]

In 2010, a fiberglass statue of Goku was created by Chinese artist Edison Chen as a part of his "I Hate You For Looking!" collection that was displayed at the "Treacherous Treis" exhibition. This statue features Chen's facial features instead of Goku's.[94]

References

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  51. ^ (Media notes). {{cite AV media notes}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |Last= and |First= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |Artist= ignored (|others= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Format= ignored (|format= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Language= ignored (|language= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Location= ignored (|location= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Name= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |PID= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |Publisher= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Title= ignored (|title= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Type= ignored (|type= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Year= ignored (|year= suggested) (help)
  52. ^ (Media notes). {{cite AV media notes}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |Last= and |First= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |Artist= ignored (|others= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Format= ignored (|format= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Language= ignored (|language= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Location= ignored (|location= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Name= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |PID= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |Publisher= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Title= ignored (|title= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Type= ignored (|type= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Year= ignored (|year= suggested) (help)
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