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Ganesan played supporting role to [[Rajendra Kumar]] in the Hindi film ''Dharti'' in 1970 which was a remake of his film ''Sivandha Mann'', in which he played the lead role. In the Hindi version, Ganesan played the role which [[R. Muthuraman|Muthuraman]] had essayed in the original. Several directors like Krishnan-Panju, T. R. Sundaram, [[A. P. Nagarajan]], [[L. V. Prasad]], [[B. Ramakrishnaiah Panthulu|B. R. Panthulu]], [[T. Prakash Rao]], [[A. Bhim Singh]], K. Shankar, [[A. C. Tirulokchandar]], [[C. V. Sridhar]], [[P. Madhavan]], [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan]] and [[K. Vijayan]] directed Ganesan in different roles.<ref name="doyen">{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1816/18161130.htm |title=A doyen among actors |publisher=Hindu.com |date=1928-10-01 |accessdate=2011-06-02}}</ref>
Ganesan played supporting role to [[Rajendra Kumar]] in the Hindi film ''Dharti'' in 1970 which was a remake of his film ''Sivandha Mann'', in which he played the lead role. In the Hindi version, Ganesan played the role which [[R. Muthuraman|Muthuraman]] had essayed in the original. Several directors like Krishnan-Panju, T. R. Sundaram, [[A. P. Nagarajan]], [[L. V. Prasad]], [[B. Ramakrishnaiah Panthulu|B. R. Panthulu]], [[T. Prakash Rao]], [[A. Bhim Singh]], K. Shankar, [[A. C. Tirulokchandar]], [[C. V. Sridhar]], [[P. Madhavan]], [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan]] and [[K. Vijayan]] directed Ganesan in different roles.<ref name="doyen">{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1816/18161130.htm |title=A doyen among actors |publisher=Hindu.com |date=1928-10-01 |accessdate=2011-06-02}}</ref>


Though he accumulated awards throughout the 1950s and 1960s, it was in 1972 that Ganesan delivered his first blockbuster ''[[Vasantha Maligai]]''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Shankar's weekly|year=1974|publisher=INFA Publications|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=4AEdAQAAMAAJ}}</ref> Other films like ''Gauravam'', ''Raja Raja Chozhan'', ''Thri Soolam'', ''Thankappathakkam'' and ''[[Satyam (1976 film)|Sathyam]]'', released during this period were highly successful.<ref>{{cite book|title=India who's who|year=1990|publisher=INFA Publications|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=aLAZAAAAYAAJ}}</ref> Many of his films were inspired and remade in [[Sinhalese language|Sinhalese]]. Films like ''Pilot Premnath'' and ''Mohana Punnagai'' were shot in [[Sri Lanka]] with Srilankan actors such as [[Malini Fonseka]] and [[Geetha Kumarasinghe]] playing the female lead.<ref name="doyen"/> In 1979, he appeared in his second and final all-time blockbuster ''Thirisoolam'', adapted from the [[Kannada language|Kannada]] film ''Shankar Guru'' in which [[Dr. Rajkumar]] had played the lead role.
Though he accumulated awards throughout the 1950s and 1960s, it was in 1972 that Ganesan delivered his first blockbuster ''[[Vasantha Maligai]]''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Shankar's weekly|year=1974|publisher=INFA Publications|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=4AEdAQAAMAAJ}}</ref> Other films like ''Gauravam'', ''Raja Raja Chozhan'', ''Thri Soolam'', ''Thankappathakkam'' and ''[[Satyam (1976 film)|Sathyam]]'', released during this period were highly successful.<ref>{{cite book|title=India who's who|year=1990|publisher=INFA Publications|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=aLAZAAAAYAAJ}}</ref> Many of his films were inspired and remade in [[Sinhalese language|Sinhalese]]. Films like ''Pilot Premnath'' and ''Mohana Punnagai'' were shot in [[Sri Lanka]] with Srilankan actors such as [[Malini Fonseka]] and [[Geetha Kumarasinghe]] playing the female lead.<ref name="doyen"/> In 1979, he appeared in his second and final all-time blockbuster ''Thirisoolam'',


===Matured roles: 1980-1999===
===Matured roles: 1980-1999===

Revision as of 09:19, 29 November 2011

In this Indian name, the name Viluppuram Chinnaiahpillai is a patronymic, and the person should be referred to by the given name, Ganesan.
Sivaji Ganesan
சிவாஜி கணேசன்
File:SivajiGanesan 19620824.jpg
Portrait of Sivaji Ganesan by the Filmfare magazine on August 24, 1962
Born
Villuppuram Chinnaiahpillai Ganesan

(1927-10-01) 1 October 1927 (age 96)
Villuppuram, Tamil Nadu, India
Died21 July 2001(2001-07-21) (aged 73)
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Other namesNadigar Thilagam
Years active1952–1999
SpouseKamala Ganesan

Viluppuram Chinnaiahpillai Ganesan Manrayar[1] (Tamil: விழுப்புரம் சின்னையாபிள்ளை கணேசன் மன்றாயர்), commonly known by his stage name Sivaji Ganesan (Tamil: சிவாஜி கணேசன்; 1 October 1927 – 21 July 2001),[2][1][3] was an Indian stage and film actor active during the latter half of the 20th century.[4] He is one of the most respected film actors in India.[5] He is well known for his versatility and acting skills with numerous roles depicted on screen.[6] He progressed from a stage actor since his childhood to the filmdom with such an authority that the Tamil cinema considered as the golden era. In a career spanning close to five decades he has acted in nearly 300 films in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi.[7]

Ganesan was the first Indian film actor to win a "Best Actor" award in an International film festival, the Afro-Asian Film Festival held in Cairo, Egypt in 1960. Many leading South Indian film actors have stated that their acting was influenced by Ganesan.[8][9][10] He was also the first Indian actor to be made a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.[11]

Ganesan is remembered as the iconic figure of Tamil cinema.[12][13] He is referred to as "The Marlon Brando of Indian Cinema".[14][15] From Parasakthi onwards, he has won the President's Award for more than 12 times.[16] During end of his career, Ganesan was conferred the highest and the most prestigious Dadasaheb Phalke Award for his contribution to Indian cinema in 1997.[17][18] In spite of his celebrated film career, his short stint in politics became a futile attempt.[19]

Early life

Ganesan was born on October 1, 1928[2][1][3] to Chinnaiya Manrayar and Rajamani in a Tamil middle-class Kallar family in Villupuram. His ancestors were from a village called Surakottai in the Thanjavur District.[20] His father was arrested on the day Ganesan was born for taking part in an anti-British campaign in Viluppuram.[1][21]

Ganesan's inspiration for acting was inborn; when he got a chance to act on stage for a touring drama company he took it without his father's consent at the age of seven.[7] At the age of 10, he moved to Tiruchirappalli and joined a drama troupe in Sangiliyandapuram and began to perform in stage plays.[22] From the drama troupe trainers he was very lucky enough to learn acting and dancing skills. He was trained in Bharatanatyam, Kathak and Manipuri.

Ganesan was an intellectual boy who could remember lengthy lines easily and could present them to the audience brilliantly with perfection. This made him hero of the troupe in the long run. His outstanding portrayal of the character of Chhatrapati Shivaji in the stage play Shivaji Kanda Hindu Rajyam earned him the title "Sivaji"[7] which was conferred on him at a public function presided over by E. V. Ramasamy, a social reformer. Since then, he was referred by the name "Sivaji".[23]

Film career

Early career: 1952-1959

File:Arignar Anna and Sivaji Ganesan at a stage play in chennai.jpg
Ganesan and C. N. Annadurai in the play Sivaji Kanda Hindu Rajyam in Chennai in 1945

Two factors can be attributed the entry of Ganesan into films: The principal artists in Tamil films during the 1940s and 1950s were Telugus, whose acting was not matched by their dialogue delivery in Tamil. (In fact, Sivaji Ganesan lent his voice to Mukkamala Krishna Murthy, a Telugu actor, for a Tamil film, Niraparathi. The film was well-received by the Tamil audience.) Secondly, the 1950s saw the growth of the Dravidian movement in Tamil Nadu, under the leadership of C. N. Annadurai and M. Karunanidhi. Their transformation of language skills to films through script writing, ensured their instant acceptance.[19] Gansesan's entry in to films at this stage of popularity was easy and inevitable, and he could establish himself in a better position.

Ganesan made his acting debut in the 1952 Tamil film Parasakthi, co-starring actress Pandari Bai.[24] The script was written by the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, M. Karunanidhi.[23][24][25] Since actors who are well-trained in classical dance can effectively showcase expressions called Nava Rasa on their faces, Ganesan went on to become one of the popular actors in Tamil cinema in the 1950s. His unique voice had a greater appeal. His style of dialogue delivery with a long spell of dialogues — like a poetry recitation with much clarity — earned him critical recognition.

Andha Naal (1954) was a trendsetter in Tamil cinema because had no songs[26] and Ganesan played an anti-hero. The film won the president's silver medal the following year. The same year he co-starred with his rival M. G. Ramachandran in Koondukkili where he played the antagonist.[27]

Donning versatile roles: 1959-1964

His role in the film Veerapaandiya Kattabomman won him the Best Actor Award at the Afro-Asian Film Festival held in March 1960 at Cairo.[23][28] Incidentally, Ganesan was also the first Indian actor to get an award for Best Actor abroad.[29] He has worked with many actresses, including Bhanumathi Ramakrishna, Pandaribai, Vyjayanthimala, Savithri, Padmini, Devika, B. Sarojadevi, K. R. Vijaya, Vanisri and J. Jayalalitha of his time. He also co-starred with other actors such as Gemini Ganesan, S.S.Rajendran, Muthuraman, M. R. Radha and S. V. Ranga Rao in numerous films in which he played the main lead.

1965-1969

His portrayal of Lord Shiva in the movie Thiruvilayadal won him lot of accolades.[30][31] In the film Navarathiri (1964), Ganesan played nine different roles that represented the nine emotional states of a person.[32] Sanjeev Kumar and Akkineni Nageswara Rao were inspired by this film and reprised the nine roles in Naya Din Nayi Raat in 1974 and Navarathri in 1966 respectively.[23] Ganesan could strike a balance between commercial cinema, Mythological cinema and experimental cinema. His epical portrayals in films like Thiruvilayaadal, Thiruvarutselvar, Saraswati Sabatham, Harichandran, Thirumal Perumai, Karnan and Thillana Mohanaambal won him critical acclaim.[33] He played a variety of roles such as freedom fighters like Kappalottiya Thamizhan,[30] Vanchinathan, Tiruppur Kumaran, Bhagat Singh[23] and epic characters like Harichandra, Karna, Bharatha, Narada, Appar, Nayanmars and Alwars.[23] Spanning genres like epics to Crime thrillers; from romantic escapades to comic flicks and action flicks, Ganesan has spanned it all.

1970-1979

Ganesan played supporting role to Rajendra Kumar in the Hindi film Dharti in 1970 which was a remake of his film Sivandha Mann, in which he played the lead role. In the Hindi version, Ganesan played the role which Muthuraman had essayed in the original. Several directors like Krishnan-Panju, T. R. Sundaram, A. P. Nagarajan, L. V. Prasad, B. R. Panthulu, T. Prakash Rao, A. Bhim Singh, K. Shankar, A. C. Tirulokchandar, C. V. Sridhar, P. Madhavan, K. S. Gopalakrishnan and K. Vijayan directed Ganesan in different roles.[33]

Though he accumulated awards throughout the 1950s and 1960s, it was in 1972 that Ganesan delivered his first blockbuster Vasantha Maligai.[34] Other films like Gauravam, Raja Raja Chozhan, Thri Soolam, Thankappathakkam and Sathyam, released during this period were highly successful.[35] Many of his films were inspired and remade in Sinhalese. Films like Pilot Premnath and Mohana Punnagai were shot in Sri Lanka with Srilankan actors such as Malini Fonseka and Geetha Kumarasinghe playing the female lead.[33] In 1979, he appeared in his second and final all-time blockbuster Thirisoolam,

Matured roles: 1980-1999

The 1980s was a period in which Ganesan started enacting more matured roles. But still films like Rishi Moolam, Yamanukku Yaman, Chiranjeevi had Ganesan portraying lead roles. Muthal Mariyathai (1985) won him a Filmfare Award and Tamil Nadu State film Award under Best Actor category. In 1992 he acted in with Kamal Haasan in the critically acclaimed Thevar Magan which won him a Special Mention Award at the 40th National Film Awards.[30] His other films released during this period are Pasumpon, En Aasai Raasaave and Once More where he was cast in prominent roles. His worked in Poopparikka Varugirom which released as his last film before his death, however the last film he worked in before his death was Padayappa (1999).

Political career

Until 1955, Ganesan was a staunch sympathizer of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. In 1961, he become a strong supporter of the Indian National Congress. Due to his popularity and his rival MGR's success in politics Ganesan entered politics and had to face big setback as he lost consecutive elections. But due to his proximity with the then prime minister Indira Gandhi he was made the member of Rajya Sabha in 1983. Indira Gandhi's death in 1984 also brought Ganesan's political career to an end.[36] In 1982, Indira Gandhi made him a Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha. After 1987, he left Congress and floated his own political party (Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani). He became the president of the Tamil Nadu faction of the Janata Dal in 1989. Unlike his successful acting career, his political career was rather unsuccessful.[19]

Family

Ganesan was the second son of his family. He had two brothers.[37] Ganesan married Kamala in 1952 and had four children.[37] His younger son Prabhu is a notable Tamil actor.[38] Ganesan established a film production company in the late 1950s, (now called as) Sivaji Productions, which is now being looked after by his eldest son Ramkumar.[39]. He has two daughters Shanthi and Thenmozhi.

Death

Suffering from respiratory problems, Ganesan was admitted to the Apollo Hospital in Chennai on July 21, 2001.[7] He also had been suffering from a prolonged heart ailment for about 10 years.[40] He died at 7:45pm (IST) on July 21, 2001 at the age of 72. A documentary, Parasakthi Muthal Padayappa Varai was made to commemorate Sivaji Ganesan's legacy. His funeral was attended by thousands of viewers, politicians and personalities from the South Indian film fraternity.[41]

Popularity

File:Sivaji Ganesan with Marlon Brando.jpg
Ganesan with American actor Marlon Brando

When president Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt visited India, Sivaji Ganesan was the only individual, granted permission by the Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru, to host a party for Nasser. Nasser was given a number of valuable mementos depicting the civilization and culture of South India.[42] Sivaji Ganesan was the first artist from India to visit the United States of America, in the cultural exchange programme of the US Government, in 1962, where he established a good impression as Indian cultural ambassador. During his visit there, he was honored by being made the 'honorary mayor' of Niagara Falls City for one day and was presented the golden key to the city. The only other Indian who has had this honour before Ganesan was Jawaharlal Nehru.[43] On March 12, 1976 he went over to Mauritius on an invitation from prime minister Ramagoolam and took part in their independence day celebration and stayed as their government guest for four days.[42]

During his visit to the USA in June 1995, he visited Columbus, the capital of Ohio. Participating in the dinner hosted to honor Ganesan, the mayor of the city, Greg Lashutka, honored him by announcing him as a 'Honorary Citizen' of Columbus City . On the same occasion the mayor of Mount Vernon read out and gave him a special welcome citation. The 'Columbus Tamil Sangam' was formulated on that day, and Ganesan was made the honorary president of that association.[42]

Ganesan has remained as one of the popular Tamil actors with a large fan base. At the peak of his career, Ganesan had 3000 registered fan clubs, which worked at promoting his image and films.[44]

Acclaim and criticism

Ganesan was considered to be one of the finest method actors in India of his time.[7] He was also acknowledged as a consummate actor and one of the most imitated ones. He was praised for his body language and his resounding voice and over-drawn dialogue delivery. However, as far as the masses were concerned, Tamil cinema has not seen finer acting or stirring performances. Sivaji is known for his versatility and has acted as a blind man, a physically handicapped person in Bhaagapirivinai, a man with a scarred face as in Deiva Magan a murderer in Puthiya Paravai, or a traitor as in Andha Naal which film had no songs at all.[26] However, Sivaji's critics have also accused him of overacting.[19]

Awards and honours

Ganesan has won the President's Award for more than 12 times for his performance in various films.[16] He was also honoured with civilian awards such as Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan and Dada Saheb Palke Award, the highest award in India for people involved in film industry.

Civilian honors

International awards

National Film Awards

Filmfare Awards South

Other honors

Posthumous honors

A statue of Ganesan was erected on Kamarajar Road in Chennai, Tamil Nadu to honour the actor and was unveiled by the then Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi on 2006.[25][42] The South Indian Film Artistes' Association as a tribute to Ganesan, declared that 1 October, the birth day of Ganesan, would be observed as Actors' Day by the association Chennai film industry.[50] The Government of Maharashtra has instituted a state award, in the name of Ganesan, which is given under the Best Actor category every year entited "Sivaji Ganesan Award".[17]

Notable filmography

Main article: Sivaji Ganesan filmography
Year Film Role Language Notes
1952 Parasakthi Gunasekaran Tamil Debut film
1953 Pardesi / Poongothai'' Tamil/Telugu
1955 Mudhal Thethi Tamil
1956 Amara Deepam Tamil
1956 Tenali Raman Tamil
1956 Rangoon Radha Tamil
1958 School Master
Kannada,Tamil
1959 Veerapandiya Kattabomman Tamil Best Actor at Afro-Asian Film Festival
1960 Irumbu Thirai Tamil
1961 Kappalotiya Thamizhan Tamil
1961 Pasamalar Tamil
1963 Karnan Tamil
1964 Navarathri Tamil Portrayed nine different roles
1966 Motor Sundaram Pillai Tamil
1967 Kandan Karunai Tamil
1969 Thillana Mohanambal Tamil
1969 Deiva Magan Tamil Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor
1970 Vietnam Veedu Tamil Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor
1972 Gnana Oli Tamil Filmfare Award for Best Actor in Tamil
1972 Vasantha Maligai Tamil
1973 Gauravam Rajinikanth,
(Dual roles) 		Tamil Filmfare Award for Best Actor in Tamil
Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor
1979 Thiri Soolam Tamil
1985 Muthal Mariyathai Tamil Filmfare Award for Best Actor in Tamil
Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor
1992 Thevar Magan Periya Thevar Tamil National Film Award (Special Jury)
1999 Padayappa Tamil Sivaji's last completed film

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Autobiography of Actor". www.sangam.org.
  2. ^ a b "Biography for Shivaji Ganesan". The Internet Movie Database (IMDb).
  3. ^ a b "Sivaji Ganesan". http://www.britannica.com. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  4. ^ "Tamil Nadu / Tiruchi News : Thespian 'Sivaji' Ganesan remembered". The Hindu. 2010-10-05. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  5. ^ "Tamil Nadu / Madurai News : Sivaji Ganesan showcased". The Hindu. 2009-10-04. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  6. ^ "Business Line : Home Page News & Features". Blonnet.com. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  7. ^ a b c d e "An actor and a gentleman". The Hindu. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  8. ^ "Shivaji Ganesan Biography - Sivaji Ganesan Childhood, Profile & Filmography". Lifestyle.iloveindia.com. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  9. ^ "Forever Sivaji - Tamil Movie News". IndiaGlitz. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  10. ^ "Tamil Nadu News : "Stage artistes don't get due regard"". The Hindu. 2010-07-20. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  11. ^ "Tamil Film Actor Sivaji Ganesan Dead". rediff.com. 2001-07-21. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  12. ^ "India's first and finest music e-zine". The Music Magazine. 2001-07-23. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  13. ^ "Sivaji Ganesan - Nadigar Thilakam". Sivaji.org. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  14. ^ "Marlon Brando Sivaji Ganesan | Sivaji Ganesan; the Brando of South India - Los Angeles Times". Articles.latimes.com. 2001-07-23. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  15. ^ "Did Sivaji Ganesan overact? - Behindwoods.com - Andha Naal negative role Uthama Puthiran Rajnikanth Thiruvilayaadal Kamal Thevar Magan Marlon Brando M.G.R Column". Behindwoods.com. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  16. ^ a b R. L, Hardgrave (1979). Essays in the political sociology of South India. Usha. Retrieved 11 June 2011.
  17. ^ a b c "Padmabushan Chevalier Sivaji V.C.Ganesan". Sivajiprabhu.com. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  18. ^ "Nadigar Thilagam Sivaji Ganesan, South Indian Cinema Photo, Nadigar Thilagam Sivaji Ganesa". Timescontent.com. 1997-07-19. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  19. ^ a b c d "Tamil cinema's lodestar". Hinduonnet.com. Retrieved 2011-05-07.
  20. ^ "Tamil Nadu / Thanjavur News: Sivaji Ganesan's family continues 'sweet' tradition". The Hindu. 2008-01-17. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  21. ^ "Nadigarthilagam". www.nadigarthilagamsivaji.com.
  22. ^ "Friday Review Chennai / Interview: Into realms of the past". The Hindu. 2007-01-19. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Sivaji: The curtain drops - Times Of India". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 2001-07-24. Retrieved 2011-05-07. Cite error: The named reference "characters" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  24. ^ a b "Literary Review / Book Review: The making of an actor". The Hindu. 2008-08-03. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  25. ^ a b "Tamil movies : CM inspects the Sivaji statue! To be unveiled on July 21st!!". Behindwoods.com. 2006-06-30. Retrieved 2011-05-07.
  26. ^ a b "Talent, charisma and much more". The Hindu. 2001-07-27. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  27. ^ "Friday Review Thiruvananthapuram / Cinema : Dancing attendance on cinema". The Hindu. 2009-09-18. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  28. ^ The making of an actor, THE HINDU Sunday, Aug 04, 2008
  29. ^ "Afro-Asain film festival". Nadigarthilagam.com. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  30. ^ a b c d http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm40thNFAAward.aspx?PdfName=40NFA.pdf
  31. ^ "Metro Plus Chennai / Columns : Movie hall crosses a milestone". The Hindu. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  32. ^ http://www.hindu.com/cp/2007/09/07/stories/2007090750451600.htm
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i "A doyen among actors". Hindu.com. 1928-10-01. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  34. ^ Shankar's weekly. INFA Publications. 1974.
  35. ^ India who's who. INFA Publications. 1990.
  36. ^ "Book Review: The Legends Of Indian Cinema - Sivaji Ganesan | Bollywood.com : Entertainment news, movie, music and fashion reviews". Bollywood.com. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  37. ^ a b "The Hindu : Montage of images". Thehindujobs.com. 2001-08-09. Retrieved 2011-05-07.
  38. ^ "Chip off the old block". The Hindu. 2002-11-27. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  39. ^ "Life Chennai : The making of a Rajnikant-starrer". The Hindu. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  40. ^ The Times Of India http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sivaji-Ganesan-dead/articleshow/1980808844.cms. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  41. ^ Sivaji: The legend lives on, Business Line, Tue July 24, 2001
  42. ^ a b c d Padmabushan Chevalier Dr.'Sivaji' V.C. Ganesan, sivajiprabhu.com
  43. ^ Sivaji Ganeshan, telugucinema.com, Sep 9, 2002 - 10:25:00 AM
  44. ^ Outlook. Hathway Investments Pvt Ltd. 2005. pp. 17–25.
  45. ^ a b c d "'Sivaji' Ganesan dead". The Hindu. 2001-07-22. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  46. ^ The Imagined Universe. "Of I-day pride and I-days past | The Imagined Universe". Elekhni.com. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  47. ^ a b The Times of India directory and year book including who's who. Times of India Press. 1984.
  48. ^ Collections. Update Video Publication. 1991.
  49. ^ "Stars light up awards gala". The Hindu. 2004-02-19. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  50. ^ "All awards but the national award". Archives.chennaionline.com. Retrieved 2011-05-05.

Padayappa 1999

Further reading


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