Sand Island (Hawaii)

	Looking over Sand Island
Geography
Coordinates	21°18′25″N 157°52′45″W / 21.30694°N 157.87917°W
Administration
	United States

Sand Island, formerly known as Quarantine Island, is a small island within the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, United States. The island lies at the entrance to Honolulu Harbor.

History

The island was known as Quarantine Island during the 19th century, when it was used to quarantine ships believed to carry contagious passengers.

During World War II, Sand Island was used as an Army internment camp to house Japanese Americans as well as expatriates from Germany, Italy, and other Axis countries living in Hawaii. The camp opened in December 1941, soon after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the subsequent mass arrests of civilians accused—often without evidence—of espionage or other fifth column activity. Over 600 Hawaiian residents, many of them U.S. citizens, would pass through Sand Island before it was closed in March 1943. Most of the internees had been transferred to Army and Department of Justice internment camps on the mainland beginning in February 1942; the remaining 149 were moved to the newly constructed Honouliuli Internment Camp.^[1]^[2]

During the 1970s, over 100 homeless native Hawaiians cleaned up the garbage that filled the island, built homes and took up residence. In the early 1980s, 180 acres (73 hectares) of the island was reclaimed by the State of Hawaii for industrial and recreational development. Those who had taken up residence were evicted without compensation.^[3] Today Sand Island is home to a state recreation area, a U.S. Coast Guard base, a wastewater treatment facility, and an assortment of industrial facilities.

Sand Island is experiencing an issue with homelessness. Residents and city leaders have proposed the creation of a homeless camp. This has been an ongoing issue for several years. Even though there is much opposition, the city has disclosed plans on how it hopes to handle controversial public behaviors by some of the homeless population on the island. Their next step is to approach the full council for consideration.^[4]

Geography and population

According to the United States Census Bureau the island has a land area of 203.78 ha (0.7868 sq mi, or 503.55 acres) and a population of 184 persons as of the 2000 census.^[5]

Climate

Sand Island's climate is mild year-round, with very little seasonal difference in temperatures; however, there is a very distinct difference between the wet and dry season. Summer high temperatures range from 87 to 91 °F (31 to 33 °C), with winter highs ranging from 77 to 85 °F (25 to 29 °C). Precipitation is light year round, especially in the summer. There are approximately 3,100 hours of sunshine annually.

Notes

^ Rosenfeld, Alan. "Sand Island" Densho Encyclopedia (accessed 17 Jun 2014)
^ Kashima 2003, pp. 84–86
^ Indian Summer in Geneva, Kisos Films, 1986.
^ Daysog, Rick. "City unveils Sand Island homeless plan". www.hawaiinewsnow.com.
^ US Census 2000

References

Kashima, Tetsuden (2003), Judgment without trial: Japanese American imprisonment during World War II, The Scott and Laurie Oki series in Asian American studies, University of Washington Press, ISBN 978-0-295-98299-1
Sand Island: Blocks 9000 thru 9006, Census Tract 57, Honolulu County, Hawaii, Census 2000, United States Census Bureau, retrieved December 29, 2009
Keith, Victoria and Rochford, Jerry, "The Sand Island Story", Honolulu, HI. 1981. (video)
"Chronology of World War II Hawaiʻi Internees." Accessed March 29, 2015.
"Community Reacts to Sand Island Homeless Shelter Proposal." - Hawaii News Now. August 29, 2014. Accessed March 29, 2015.
Daysog, Rick. "City Unveils Sand Island Homeless Plan." - Hawaii News Now. August 29, 2014. Accessed March 29, 2015.
Dean, Aloha. "Sand Island - Sand Island State Recreation Area." Accessed March 29, 2015.
"Internment Camps in Hawai'i." Accessed March 29, 2015.
"Sand Island Beach Park." Hawaii Travel Guide. Accessed March 29, 2015.
"Sand Island (detention Facility)." Accessed March 29, 2015.

External links

Media related to Sand Island (Hawaii) at Wikimedia Commons

U.S. National Park Service
Honolulu Star Bulletin.com June 2, 2004
Honolulu Advertiser.com September 4, 2006 Archived April 7, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
Honolulu Advertiser.com December 6, 2006
Sand Island State Recreation Area - official site

[1] Rosenfeld, Alan. "Sand Island" Densho Encyclopedia (accessed 17 Jun 2014)

[2] Kashima 2003, pp. 84–86

[3] Indian Summer in Geneva, Kisos Films, 1986.

[4] Daysog, Rick. "City unveils Sand Island homeless plan". www.hawaiinewsnow.com.

[5] US Census 2000

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

v t e Internment of Japanese Americans
Key topics	Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Executive Order 9066 Executive Order 9102 Yasui Hirabayashi Korematsu Ex parte Endo Lordsburg killings War Relocation Authority History Life before World War II Life after World War II Propaganda Military service in World War II 442nd Infantry Regiment 100th Infantry Battalion Military Intelligence Service
Concentration camps	Gila River Granada Heart Mountain Jerome Manzanar Minidoka Poston Rohwer Topaz Tule Lake
Assembly centers	Arboga Assembly Center Fresno Assembly Center Mayer Assembly Center Merced Assembly Center Owens Valley Reception Center Parker Dam Reception Center Pinedale Assembly Center Pomona Assembly Center Portland Assembly Center Puyallup Assembly Center Sacramento Assembly Center Salinas Assembly Center Santa Anita Assembly Center Stockton Assembly Center Tanforan Assembly Center Tulare Assembly Center Turlock Assembly Center Woodland Civil Control Station
Citizen Isolation centers	Leupp Isolation Center Moab Isolation Center Old Raton Ranch Camp Camp Tulelake
Detention facilities	Catalina Federal Honor Camp Crystal City Alien Enemy Detention Facility Fort Lincoln Alien Enemy Detention Facility Fort Missoula Alien Enemy Detention Facility Fort Stanton Alien Enemy Detention Facility Kenedy Alien Enemy Detention Facility Kooskia Alien Enemy Detention Facility Santa Fe Alien Enemy Detention Facility Seagoville Alien Enemy Detention Facility Sharp Park Detention Station Tuna Canyon Detention Station
Army facilities	Camp Blanding Camp Forrest Camp Livingston Camp McCoy Camp Florence Fort Bliss Internment Camp Fort Howard Internment Camp Fort McDowell Internment Camp Fort Meade Internment Camp Fort Lewis Internment Camp Fort Richardson Internment Camp Fort Sam Houston Internment Camp Fort Sill Internment Camp Griffith Park Detention Camp Haiku Internment Camp Honouliuli Internment Camp Kalaheo Stockade Kilauea Military Camp Lordsburg Internment Camp Sand Island Internment Camp Stringtown Internment Camp
Notable incarcerees	See: Category:Japanese-American internees List of inmates of Manzanar List of inmates of Topaz War Relocation Center Estelle Peck Ishigo Ralph Lazo Isamu Shibayama Elaine Black Yoneda
Literature and arts	Allegiance Born Free and Equal Farewell to Manzanar Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet Judgment Without Trial No-No Boy Snow Falling on Cedars The Buddha in the Attic The Invisible Thread The Moved-Outers Under the Blood Red Sun Weedflower When the Emperor was Divine List of documentaries List of feature films Go for Broke!
Legacy	Redress and court cases Evacuation Claims Act Civil Liberties Act of 1988 Renunciation Act of 1944 Day of Remembrance Fred Korematsu Day Empty Chair Memorial Go for Broke Monument Japanese American National Museum Japanese American Memorial to Patriotism During World War II Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project Japanese Evacuation and Resettlement Study The Long Journey Home Bainbridge Island Japanese American Exclusion Memorial Japanese American Internment Museum Sakura Square Fred T. Korematsu Institute for Civil Rights and Education
Category

Authority control databases
National	United States Israel
Other	NARA