San Sebastián Limestone

San Sebastián Formation
San Sebastián Formation
Stratigraphic range: Early to Late Oligocene, 29.8–26.5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Type	Formation
Unit of	Rio Guatemala Group
Lithology
Primary	Limestone
Other	Sandstone, mudstone
Location
Coordinates	18°24′N 67°00′W / 18.4°N 67.0°W
Approximate paleocoordinates	17°36′N 66°00′W / 17.6°N 66.0°W
Region	Puerto Rico
Country	United States
Type section
Named for	San Sebastián, Puerto Rico

The San Sebastián Formation is a geologic formation in Puerto Rico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Oligocene period.^[1]

It was primarily deposited as limestone in a marine environment, but some localities with a significant amount of terrestrial fauna appear to have been deposited in a deltaic environment. It contains some of the earliest fossils of terrestrial Caribbean vertebrates, including chinchilloid rodents and Eleutherodactylus frogs.^[2]^[3] In addition, taxa that are no longer known from the Caribbean, such as gavialid crocodilians and geomyoid rodents, have also been recovered from the formation.^[4]

Vertebrate paleofauna

Based on the Paleobiology Database:^[1]

Cartilaginous fish

Genus	Species	Location	Notes	Images
Ginglymostomatidae indet.			A nurse shark of uncertain affinities.

Amphibians

Genus	Species	Material	Notes	Images
Eleutherodactylus	E. sp.	Distal humerus	A coquí frog.^[3]

Reptiles

Genus	Species	Material	Notes	Images
Aktiogavialis	A. puertoricensis	Incomplete braincase, cranial elements	A gavialid crocodilian. Type locality of genus and species.
Pelomedusidae indet.			A pelomedusid side-necked turtle.

Mammals

Genus	Species	Material	Notes
Borikenomys	B. praecursor	Teeth	A chinchilloid rodent. Type locality of genus and species.^[2]
Caribeomys	C. merzeraudi	Teeth	A geomyoid rodent. Type locality of genus and species, first evidence of geomyoids from the Caribbean.^[4]
Caribosiren	C. turneri		A dugongid sirenian.
Priscosiren	P. atlantica		A dugongid sirenian.

References

^ ^a ^b "PBDB Strata Results". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
^ ^a ^b Marivaux, Laurent; Vélez-Juarbe, Jorge; Merzeraud, Gilles; Pujos, François; Viñola López, Lázaro W.; Boivin, Myriam; Santos-Mercado, Hernán; Cruz, Eduardo J.; Grajales, Alexandra; Padilla, James; Vélez-Rosado, Kevin I.; Philippon, Mélody; Léticée, Jean-Len; Münch, Philippe; Antoine, Pierre-Olivier (2020-02-12). "Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 287 (1920): 20192806. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.2806. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 7031660. PMID 32075529.
^ ^a ^b Blackburn, David C.; Keeffe, Rachel M.; Vallejo-Pareja, María C.; Vélez-Juarbe, Jorge (2020). "The earliest record of Caribbean frogs: a fossil coquí from Puerto Rico". Biology Letters. 16 (4): 20190947. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0947. ISSN 1744-9561. PMC 7211465. PMID 32264782.
^ ^a ^b Marivaux, Laurent; Vélez-Juarbe, Jorge; Viñola López, Lázaro W.; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Pujos, François; Santos-Mercado, Hernán; Cruz, Eduardo J.; Grajales Pérez, Alexandra M.; Padilla, James; Vélez-Rosado, Kevin I.; Cornée, Jean-Jacques; Philippon, Mélody; Münch, Philippe; Antoine, Pierre-Olivier (2021). Lautenschlager, Stephan (ed.). "An unpredicted ancient colonization of the West Indies by North American rodents: dental evidence of a geomorph from the early Oligocene of Puerto Rico". Papers in Palaeontology. 7 (4): 2021–2039. doi:10.1002/spp2.1388. hdl:2027.42/170885. ISSN 2056-2799.

External links

Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.

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[:0-1] "PBDB Strata Results". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 2024-11-16.

[:1-2] Marivaux, Laurent; Vélez-Juarbe, Jorge; Merzeraud, Gilles; Pujos, François; Viñola López, Lázaro W.; Boivin, Myriam; Santos-Mercado, Hernán; Cruz, Eduardo J.; Grajales, Alexandra; Padilla, James; Vélez-Rosado, Kevin I.; Philippon, Mélody; Léticée, Jean-Len; Münch, Philippe; Antoine, Pierre-Olivier (2020-02-12). "Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 287 (1920): 20192806. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.2806. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 7031660. PMID 32075529.

[:2-3] Blackburn, David C.; Keeffe, Rachel M.; Vallejo-Pareja, María C.; Vélez-Juarbe, Jorge (2020). "The earliest record of Caribbean frogs: a fossil coquí from Puerto Rico". Biology Letters. 16 (4): 20190947. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0947. ISSN 1744-9561. PMC 7211465. PMID 32264782.

[:3-4] Marivaux, Laurent; Vélez-Juarbe, Jorge; Viñola López, Lázaro W.; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Pujos, François; Santos-Mercado, Hernán; Cruz, Eduardo J.; Grajales Pérez, Alexandra M.; Padilla, James; Vélez-Rosado, Kevin I.; Cornée, Jean-Jacques; Philippon, Mélody; Münch, Philippe; Antoine, Pierre-Olivier (2021). Lautenschlager, Stephan (ed.). "An unpredicted ancient colonization of the West Indies by North American rodents: dental evidence of a geomorph from the early Oligocene of Puerto Rico". Papers in Palaeontology. 7 (4): 2021–2039. doi:10.1002/spp2.1388. hdl:2027.42/170885. ISSN 2056-2799.

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