Erie Basin dry dock
40°40′17.8″N 74°0′49.44″W / 40.671611°N 74.0137333°W
Erie Basin dry dock (est. 1866) was a graving dock facility located at Erie Basin, in Red Hook, Brooklyn, New York City. There were at least two docks built, although only one remained into the 21st century. The dock contributed to making Red Hook the "center of the shipping industry in New York", and was part of Erie Basin's dry and shipping dock infrastructure, the largest in the city.[1][2] It was the first graving dock in the United States.[3]
The dock had a complicated corporate history with many name changes, but during its heyday it was best known as the Robins Dry Dock and Repair Company in the early part of the 20th century, and then later Todd Shipyards until 1986. The last dock was paved over in 2008, for an IKEA store parking lot.
History
[edit]In 1864, William Beard and two associates of the Robins family purchased waterfront property in west Brooklyn. They built an artificially enclosed harbor with ship building and repair facilities lining the shore. They named the facility Erie Basin because it initially processed wheat floated down the Erie Canal on barges and ships. That same year, Beard sold a plot of land inside the Basin to the Anglo-American Dry Dock Company, who built the first solid or "graving" docks in the United States. It opened in October 1866 to much fanfare, although initially it had few customers. The largest dock was about 730-foot-long (220 m) and 117-foot-wide (36 m) at the rim.
Business picked up after the docks were acquired in 1869 by Handren and Robins Company. It was renamed J. N. Robins Co. in 1892, after Handren's death. In 1904, this company merged with the Erie Basin Dry Dock Company (started by DeLameter Iron Works) and was renamed Robins Dry Dock and Repair Company, the name by which the docks would be best known for the next half century. William H. Todd had worked for both Erie Basin Dry Dock and Robins Dry Dock. In 1916, Todd and some of his associates purchased the Robins Dry Dock and Repair Company, Tietjen & Lang Dry Dock Company of Hoboken in Weehawken Cove, the Seattle Construction and Drydock Company on the West Coast, and Tebo Yacht Basin Company. The conglomerate, called the William H. Todd Corporation (later Todd Shipyards), was sold in 1986 to Rodermond Industries, which closed in the 1990s. The docks were leased to a succession of other companies. The last lease was held for 8 years, by Stevens Technical Services, ending in 2005.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
IKEA controversy
[edit]
Around the time of the lease's expiration, IKEA expressed their intent to purchase the property and turn it into a store parking lot.[11] Local preservationists argued the dock had been created at the end of the American Civil War, and would be considered eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places.[12] In 2006, a comptroller for the city also said that paving over the dock would be "premature".[13] Efforts to salvage the property included protests and a lawsuit against the United States Army.[14] These efforts were unsuccessful, and by 2008 the graving dock had been filled in and paved over.[15] The outline of the graving dock was embedded in the parking lot with stone pavers, which are visible in person, or digital map satellite view.[12]
Modern
[edit]A modern floating dry dock facility operates at Erie Basin, in a different location, for smaller vessels like barges and tugboats.[16]
Names
[edit]List of companies who did business at the docks (incomplete list)
- Anglo-American Dry Dock Company
- Handren and Robins Company
- J. N. Robins Company
- Erie Basin Dry Dock Company
- Robins Dry Dock and Repair Company
- Todd-Erie Basin Dry Docks, Inc.
- Rodermond Industries
- Stevens Technical Services
References
[edit]- ^ AIA Guide to New York City. Oxford University Press. 2010. p. 631. ISBN 978-0195383867.
- ^ A Maritime History Of New York. Going Coastal Productions. 2004. p. 295. ISBN 0972980318.
- ^ a b Morris, Thomas W. (1920). "Erie Basin, Brooklyn: The Busiest Place in the Port of New York". Port of New York Annual. Smith's Port Publishing Company.
- ^ "Erie Basin - A History of its Early Years". Red Hook WaterStories. Retrieved November 1, 2024.
- ^ "Todd Shipyards". Red Hook WaterStories. Retrieved November 1, 2024.
- ^ Gratz, Roberta Brandes (2010). The Battle for Gotham: New York in the Shadow of Robert Moses and Jane Jacobs. Nation Books. pp. 183–184, 327. ISBN 978-1568584386.
- ^ "The Todd Shipyard Graving Dock, Red Hook, Brooklyn". Gotham Gazette. Archived from the original on February 14, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2013.
- ^ "History of Todd Shipyards Corporation". www.fundinguniverse.com. Archived from the original on October 21, 2012. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
- ^ "Hudson Reporter - The days of factories and shipbuilding Catching a glimpse of Hoboken s industrial past". www.hudsonreporter.com. Archived from the original on June 16, 2010.
- ^ "Shipyard News". International Marine Engineering. October 1916.
- ^ "The Red Hook Graving Dock is Toast". Curbed New York. March 6, 2007. Retrieved February 10, 2013.
- ^ a b Cohen, Gabriel (July 3, 2005). "Sailing Into History". The New York Times. Retrieved February 10, 2013.
- ^ Zukin, Sandra (2009). Naked City:The Death and Life of Authentic Urban Places. Oxford University Press. pp. 169, 272. ISBN 978-0195382853.
- ^ "US army sued over Ikea carpark". UK Metro. November 22, 2006. Retrieved February 10, 2013.
- ^ Fahim, Kareem (August 10, 2008). "Brooklyn Neighbors Admit a Big Box Isn't All Bad". The New York Times. Retrieved February 10, 2013.
- ^ "Shipyard and Drydock Services for Barges and Tugboats in NYC". Hughes Marine. Retrieved November 1, 2024.