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After a six-year break, in August 2008 Williams announced a brand new 26-city tour titled "Weapons of Self Destruction". He was quoted as saying that this was his last chance to make cracks at the expense of the current Bush Administration, but by the time the show was staged only a few minutes covered that subject. The tour started at the end of September 2009, finishing in New York on December 3, and was the subject of an HBO special on December 8, 2009.<ref>robinwilliams.com {{verify source|date=June 2012}}</ref>
After a six-year break, in August 2008 Williams announced a brand new 26-city tour titled "Weapons of Self Destruction". He was quoted as saying that this was his last chance to make cracks at the expense of the current Bush Administration, but by the time the show was staged only a few minutes covered that subject. The tour started at the end of September 2009, finishing in New York on December 3, and was the subject of an HBO special on December 8, 2009.<ref>robinwilliams.com {{verify source|date=June 2012}}</ref>


==Accusations of plagiarism==
⚫
Comedian [[David Brenner]] states that he confronted Williams personally and threatened him with bodily harm if he heard Williams utter another one of his jokes.<ref name="Comedy at the Edge">{{cite book | title=Comedy at the Edge | author=Richard Zoglin | year=2008 | publisher=Bloomsbury USA | isbn=1-58234-624-0 | isbn=ISBN 978-1582346243}}</ref>

Despite Williams' success as a comic, he has faced accusations of plagiarizing material from other comedians. One of the most notorious incidents occurred when Williams performed a comedic set on [[The Late Show with David Letterman.]] [[Ray Romano]] was a guest on Letterman who performed a set the previous night. Williams performed a set the next day that was nearly identical to Romano's. <ref>[http://www.kempa.com/2004/04/26/robin-williams-prince-of-thieves/ "Robin Williams - Prince of Thieves"]</ref><ref>[www.youtube.com/watch?v=YypOKdif2b0‎ "Robin Williams notorious for stealing jokes Grant Woods Show 9 22"]</ref><ref>[http://www.brobible.com/entertainment/article/top-10-overrated-stand-up-comedians/page-2 "The 10 Most Overrated Stand-Up Comedians Of All-Time - BroBible ..."]</ref>
Although there are few specific incidents of Robin Williams alleged plagiarism, many comedians claim to have witnessed instances of Williams plagiarizing comedians or have discussed Robin Williams' reputation as a "joke thief." Among these comedians include [[Steven Pearl]], [[Marc Maron]], [[Carlos Mencia]], [[Tom Dreesen]], [[Steve Fleischmann]], and [[David Brenner]].<ref>[http://www.kempa.com/2004/04/26/robin-williams-prince-of-thieves/]</ref><ref name="Comedy at the Edge">{{cite book | title=Comedy at the Edge | author=Richard Zoglin | year=2008 | publisher=Bloomsbury USA | isbn=ISBN 978-1582346243 }}</ref><ref>http://wtfpod.libsyn.com/episode_75_carlos_mencia</ref><ref>http://wtfpod.libsyn.com/episode_76_willie_barcena_steve_trevino_carlos_responds</ref><ref>www.wtfpod.libsyn.com/episode_68_steven_pearl‎</ref><ref>http://www.jewishjournal.com/enjoytheveal/item/the_etv_interview_the_amazing_steven_pearl_plus_my_first_official_letter_of</ref>
⚫
David Brenner states that he confronted Williams personally and threatened him with bodily harm if he heard Williams utter another one of his jokes.<ref name="Comedy at the Edge">{{cite book | title=Comedy at the Edge | author=Richard Zoglin | year=2008 | publisher=Bloomsbury USA | isbn=ISBN 978-1582346243 }}</ref><ref>http://mentalfloss.com/article/24305/stop-me-if-youve-heard-look-comedy-plagiarism</ref>


==Theatre career==
==Theatre career==

Revision as of 19:03, 30 July 2013

For other people named Robin Williams, see Robin Williams (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Robbie Williams.

Robin Williams
Williams at "Stand Up for Heroes" in 2007
Birth nameRobin McLaurin Williams
Born (1951-07-21) July 21, 1951 (age 73)
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
MediumStand-up, film, television
NationalityAmerican
Years active1972–present
GenresCharacter comedy, physical comedy, improvisational comedy, satire/political satire, observational comedy, blue comedy
SpouseValerie Velardi
(1978–1988; 1 child)
Marsha Garces Williams
(1989–2008; 2 children)
Susan Schneider
(2011–present)
Template:Infobox comedian awards

Robin McLaurin Williams[2][3] (born July 21, 1951)[4] is an American actor, voice actor, and stand-up comedian. Rising to fame with his role as the alien Mork in the TV series Mork & Mindy, Williams went on to establish a successful career in both stand-up comedy and feature film acting. His film career includes such acclaimed films as Good Morning, Vietnam (1987), Dead Poets Society (1989), Awakenings (1990), The Fisher King (1991), and Good Will Hunting (1997), as well as financial successes such as Popeye (1980), Hook (1991), Aladdin (1992), Mrs. Doubtfire (1993), Jumanji (1995), The Birdcage (1996), Night at the Museum (2006), and Happy Feet (2006). He also appeared in the video to "Don't Worry, Be Happy" by Bobby McFerrin.

Nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor three times, Williams went on to receive the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Good Will Hunting (1997). He has also received two Emmy Awards, four Golden Globes, two Screen Actors Guild Awards and five Grammy Awards.[5][6]

Early life

Williams was born in Chicago, Illinois. His mother, Laura McLaurin (née Smith, September 24, 1922 – September 4, 2001), was a former model from New Orleans, Louisiana.[7] His father, Robert Fitzgerald Williams (September 10, 1906 – October 18, 1987), was a senior executive at Ford Motor Company in charge of the Midwest region. His maternal great-great-grandfather was senator and Mississippi governor Anselm J. McLaurin.[8] Williams' ancestry includes English, Welsh, Irish, Scottish, German, and French.[9][10][11] He was raised in the Episcopal Church (his mother practiced Christian Science).[12][13] He grew up in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, where he was a student at the Detroit Country Day School,[14] and later moved to Woodacre, Marin County, California, where he attended the public Redwood High School. Williams studied at Claremont McKenna College (then called Claremont Men's College) for four years.[15] He has two half-brothers: Todd (who died August 14, 2007) and McLaurin.[16]

Williams has described himself as a quiet child whose first imitation was of his grandmother to his mother. He did not overcome his shyness until he became involved with his high-school drama department.[17]

In 1973, Williams was one of only 20 students accepted into the freshman class at the Juilliard School, and one of only two students to be accepted by John Houseman into the Advanced Program at the school that year, the other being Christopher Reeve.[18] In his dialects class, Williams had no trouble mastering all dialects quickly. Williams left Juilliard in 1976.

Television career

After appearing in the cast of the short-lived The Richard Pryor Show on NBC, Williams was cast by Garry Marshall as the alien Mork in the hit TV series Happy Days[19] after impressing the producer with his quirky sense of humor when he sat on his head when asked to take a seat for the audition.[20] As Mork, Williams improvised much of his dialogue and physical comedy, speaking in a high, nasal voice. Mork's appearance was so popular with viewers that it led to a spin-off hit television sitcom, Mork & Mindy, which ran from 1978 to 1982; the show was written to accommodate Williams' improvisations. Although he played the same character as in his appearance in Happy Days, the show was set in the present day, in Boulder, Colorado, instead of the late '50s in Milwaukee. Mork was an extremely popular character, featured on posters, coloring books, lunchboxes, and other merchandise.

Starting in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, Williams began to reach a wider audience with his standup comedy, including three HBO comedy specials, Off The Wall (1978), An Evening with Robin Williams (1982), and Robin Williams: Live at the Met (1986). Also in 1986, Williams co-hosted the 58th Academy Awards.

His stand-up work has been a consistent thread through his career, as is seen by the success of his one-man show (and subsequent DVD) Robin Williams: Live on Broadway (2002). He was voted 13th on Comedy Central's list "100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time" in 2004.[21]

After some encouragement from his friend Whoopi Goldberg, he was set to make a guest appearance in the 1991 Star Trek: The Next Generation episode, "A Matter of Time", but he had to cancel due to a scheduling conflict;[22] Matt Frewer took his place as a time-traveling con man, Professor Berlingoff Rasmussen. Williams, along with Billy Crystal, appeared in a cameo together at the beginning of an episode of the third season of Friends. Both Williams and Crystal's parts weren't originally in the script. They were apparently in the building where the show was shooting and were asked to improvise their lines.[23]

Williams appeared on an episode of the American version of Whose Line Is It Anyway? (Season 3, Episode 9: November 16, 2000). During a game of "Scenes from a Hat", the scene "What Robin Williams is thinking right now" was drawn, and Williams stated "I have a career. What the hell am I doing here?"[24] On December 4, 2010, he appeared with Robert De Niro on Saturday Night Live in the sketch What Up with That. In 2012, he guest starred as himself in two FX series, Louie and Wilfred.

In February 2013, the CBS network announced it had picked up a pilot episode for a David E. Kelley comedy called The Crazy Ones that stars Williams. The series was officially picked up on May 10, 2013. [25] Williams will play Simon Roberts, a father who works with his daughter (played by Sarah Michelle Gellar) in an advertising office. The series will air in the 9/8c timeslot on Thursday nights, beginning September 26, 2013. [26]

Movie roles

Most of Williams' acting career has been in film, although he has given some performances on stage as well (notably as Estragon in a production of Waiting for Godot with Steve Martin). His first film was the 1977 comedy Can I Do It 'Till I Need Glasses? His performance in Good Morning, Vietnam (1987) resulted in Williams being nominated for an Academy Award.[19] Many of his roles have been comedies tinged with pathos.

His role as the Genie in the animated film Aladdin (1992) was instrumental in establishing the importance of star power in voice actor casting. Williams used his voice talents again in Fern Gully, as the holographic Dr. Know in the 2001 film A.I. Artificial Intelligence, in the 2005 animated film Robots, the 2006 Academy Award-winning Happy Feet, and an uncredited vocal performance in the film Everyone's Hero. He was also the voice of The Timekeeper, a former attraction at the Walt Disney World Resort about a time-traveling robot who encounters Jules Verne and brings him to the future.

Williams' roles in dramatic films have garnered him an Oscar as Best Supporting Actor for his role as a psychologist in Good Will Hunting.[19] as well as two previous Academy Award nominations: for playing an English teacher in Dead Poets Society (1989), and for playing a troubled homeless man in The Fisher King (1991).[19] That same year he played an adult Peter Pan in the movie Hook. Other acclaimed dramatic films include Awakenings (1990) and What Dreams May Come (1998). In the 2002 film Insomnia, Williams portrayed a writer/killer on the run from a sleep-deprived Los Angeles policeman (played by Al Pacino) in rural Alaska. Also in 2002, in the psychological thriller One Hour Photo, Williams played an emotionally disturbed photo development technician who becomes obsessed with a family for whom he has developed pictures for a long time.

In 2006 Williams starred in The Night Listener, a thriller about a radio show host who realizes he has developed a friendship with a child who may or may not exist; in 2006 he starred in five movies including Man of the Year, he was the Surprise Guest at the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards, and appeared on an episode of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition that aired on January 30, 2006.

Williams is known for his improvisational skills and impersonations, and his performances frequently involve impromptu humor designed and delivered in rapid-fire succession while on stage. According to the Aladdin DVD commentary, most of his dialogue as the Genie was improvised.

At one point, he was in the running to play the Riddler in Batman Forever until director Tim Burton dropped the project. Earlier, Williams had been a strong contender to play the Joker in Batman. He had expressed interest in assuming the role in The Dark Knight, the sequel to 2005's Batman Begins,[27] although the part of the Joker was played by Heath Ledger, who went on to win, posthumously, the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.

He was portrayed by Chris Diamantopoulos in the made-for-TV biopic Behind the Camera: The Unauthorized Story of Mork & Mindy (2005), documenting the actor's arrival in Hollywood as a struggling comedian.

Disputes with Disney

In gratitude for his success with the Disney/Touchstone film Good Morning, Vietnam, Williams voiced the Genie in the Disney animated film Aladdin for SAG scale pay ($75,000), on condition that his name or image not be used for marketing, and his (supporting) character not take more than 25% of space on advertising artwork, since Toys was scheduled for release one month after Aladdin's debut. Additionally, Williams believed the character's voice was his property and did not want it to be imitated.[28] The studio went back on the deal on both counts, especially in poster art by having the Genie in 25% of the image, but having other major and supporting characters portrayed considerably smaller. Disney's Hyperion book, Aladdin: The Making Of An Animated Film, listed both of Williams' characters, "The Peddler" and "The Genie", ahead of main characters but was forced to refer to him only as "the actor signed to play the Genie".[29]

Williams and Disney had a bitter falling-out, resulting in Dan Castellaneta voicing the Genie role in The Return of Jafar and the Aladdin animated television series. Castellaneta was also recorded as the original voice for the feature Aladdin and the King of Thieves. When Jeffrey Katzenberg was fired from Disney and replaced by former 20th Century Fox production head Joe Roth (whose last act for Fox was greenlighting Williams' film Mrs. Doubtfire), Roth arranged for a public apology to Williams by Disney. Williams agreed to perform in Hollywood Pictures' Jack, directed by Francis Ford Coppola, and even agreed to voice the Genie again for the King of Thieves sequel (for considerably more than scale), replacing all of Castellaneta's dialogue.[30]

When Williams re-teamed with Doubtfire director Chris Columbus for 1999's Bicentennial Man, Disney asked that the budget be cut by approximately $20 million, and when the film was released on Christmas Day, it flopped at the box office. Williams blamed Disney's marketing and the loss of content the film had suffered due to the budget cuts. As a result, Williams was again on bad terms with Disney, and Castellaneta was once again recruited to replace him as Genie in the Kingdom Hearts video game series and the House of Mouse TV series. The DVD release for Aladdin has no involvement whatsoever from Williams in the bonus materials, although some of his original recording sessions can be seen.

Robin Williams made peace with The Walt Disney Company and in 2009 agreed to be inducted into the Disney Hall of Fame, designated as a Disney Legend.[31]

Stand-up career

Williams has done a number of stand-up comedy tours since the early 1970s. Some of his most notable tours include An Evening With Robin Williams (1982), Robin Williams: At The Met (1986) and Robin Williams LIVE on Broadway (2002). The latter broke many long-held records for a comedy show. In some cases, tickets were sold out within thirty minutes of going on sale.

After a six-year break, in August 2008 Williams announced a brand new 26-city tour titled "Weapons of Self Destruction". He was quoted as saying that this was his last chance to make cracks at the expense of the current Bush Administration, but by the time the show was staged only a few minutes covered that subject. The tour started at the end of September 2009, finishing in New York on December 3, and was the subject of an HBO special on December 8, 2009.[32]

Accusations of plagiarism

Despite Williams' success as a comic, he has faced accusations of plagiarizing material from other comedians. One of the most notorious incidents occurred when Williams performed a comedic set on The Late Show with David Letterman. Ray Romano was a guest on Letterman who performed a set the previous night. Williams performed a set the next day that was nearly identical to Romano's. [33][34][35]

Although there are few specific incidents of Robin Williams alleged plagiarism, many comedians claim to have witnessed instances of Williams plagiarizing comedians or have discussed Robin Williams' reputation as a "joke thief." Among these comedians include Steven Pearl, Marc Maron, Carlos Mencia, Tom Dreesen, Steve Fleischmann, and David Brenner.[36][37][38][39][40][41]

David Brenner states that he confronted Williams personally and threatened him with bodily harm if he heard Williams utter another one of his jokes.[37][42]

Theatre career

In theatre, Williams has headed his own one-man show, Robin Williams: Live on Broadway, that played at The Broadway Theatre in July 2002.[43] He made his Broadway acting debut in Rajiv Joseph's Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo, which opened on Broadway at the Richard Rodgers Theatre on March 31, 2011.[44][45][46] He previously appeared opposite Steve Martin at Lincoln Center in an Off-Broadway production of Waiting for Godot.[47]

Personal life

Marriages and children

The residence of comedian Robin Williams in Sea Cliff, San Francisco

Robin Williams' first marriage was to Valerie Velardi on June 4, 1978. They have one child, Zachary Pym (Zak) (born April 11, 1983). During Williams' first marriage, he was involved in an extramarital relationship with Michelle Tish Carter, a cocktail waitress whom he met in 1984. She sued him in 1986, claiming that he did not tell her he was infected with the herpes simplex virus before he embarked on a sexual relationship with her in the mid-1980s, during which, she said, he transmitted the virus to her. The case was settled out of court. Williams and Velardi divorced in 1988.[48]

On April 30, 1989, he married Marsha Garces, his son's nanny, who was already several months pregnant with his child. They have two children, Zelda Rae (born July 31, 1989) and Cody Alan (born November 25, 1991). However, in March 2008, Garces filed for divorce from Williams, citing irreconcilable differences.[49]

Williams married his third wife, graphic designer Susan Schneider, on October 23, 2011, in St. Helena, California.[50] They currently reside together in Williams' house in Sea Cliff, a neighborhood in San Francisco, California.[51][52]

Family and friends

While studying at Juilliard, Williams befriended Christopher Reeve. They had several classes together in which they were the only students, and they remained good friends for the rest of Reeve's life. Williams visited Reeve after the horse riding accident that rendered him a quadriplegic, and cheered him up by pretending to be an eccentric Russian doctor (similar to his role in Nine Months). Williams claimed that he was there to perform a colonoscopy. Reeve stated that he laughed for the first time since the accident and knew that life was going to be okay.[18]

Wiliams aboard the USS Enterprise (CVN-65) in 2005

On August 20, 2007, Williams' elder brother, Robert Todd Williams, died of complications from heart surgery performed a month earlier.[53]

Addiction and health problems

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, Williams had an addiction to cocaine; he has stated that he has since quit. Williams was a close friend of and frequent partier alongside John Belushi. He says the death of his friend and the birth of his son prompted him to quit drugs: "Was it a wake-up call? Oh yeah, on a huge level. The grand jury helped too."[19]

On August 9, 2006, Williams checked himself in to a substance-abuse rehabilitation center (located in Newberg, Oregon), later admitting that he was an alcoholic.[54] His publicist delivered the announcement:

After 20 years of sobriety, Robin Williams found himself drinking again and has decided to take proactive measures to deal with this for his own well-being and the well-being of his family.

Williams was hospitalized in March 2009 due to heart problems. He postponed his one-man tour in order to undergo surgery to replace his aortic valve.[55][56] The surgery was successfully completed on March 13, 2009, at the Cleveland Clinic.[57][58] During an appearance on The Graham Norton Show, Williams discussed the fact that the drug Propofol had been used on him during his operation, which had been involved in the death of Michael Jackson. Williams commented that Jackson had been taking the drug to sleep, which he compared to "doing chemotherapy because you're tired of shaving your head". This comment caused much hilarity among the audience and others guests, but Williams emphasised the fact that Propofol is a "devastatingly powerful drug" that should be only administered in hospital, whereas Jackson had been using it at home.[59]

Other interests

Williams is a member of the Episcopal Church. He has described his denomination in a comedy routine as "Catholic Lite—same rituals, half the guilt."[60]

Williams speaking at the 2008 BBC World Debate.

Williams is an avid enthusiast of video games, even naming two of his children after game characters. He named his daughter after Princess Zelda from The Legend of Zelda action-adventure game series.[61][62][63] They both have even been featured in an ad for the Nintendo 3DS remake of The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time.[64] On this note, his son may have been named after Cody from the beat 'em up game Final Fight.[65] He also enjoys pen-and-paper role-playing games and online video games, recently playing Warcraft 3, Day of Defeat, Half-Life,[66] and the first-person shooter Battlefield 2 as a sniper.[67] He was also previously a fan of the Wizardry series of role-playing video games.[68]

On January 6, 2006, he performed live at Consumer Electronics Show during Google's keynote.[69] In the 2006 E3, on the invitation of Will Wright, he demonstrated the creature editor of Spore while simultaneously commenting on the creature's look: "This will actually make a platypus look good."[70] He also complimented the game's versatility, comparing it to Populous and Black & White. Later that year, he was one of several celebrities to participate in the Worldwide Dungeons & Dragons Game Day.[71]

A fan of professional road cycling, he was a regular on the US Postal and Discovery Channel Pro Cycling team bus and hotels during the years Lance Armstrong dominated the Tour de France.[72] He owns over 50 bicycles.[73]

He also enjoys rugby union and is a big fan of former All Black, Jonah Lomu.[74]

Williams is a supporter of eco-friendly vehicles. He currently drives a Toyota Prius,[75] and was on the waiting list for an Aptera 2 Series electric vehicle before the company folded in December 2011.[76]

In 2010, Williams announced that he would love to play The Riddler in the next installment to the Batman films by director Christopher Nolan, though Nolan has stated that The Riddler would not be featured in the film.[77]

Williams performing at Camp Victory for the USO on December 13, 2010

Charity work

Williams and his former wife, Marsha, founded the Windfall Foundation, a philanthropic organization to raise money for many different charities. Williams devotes much of his energy to charity work, including the Comic Relief fundraising efforts (the program is hosted by himself, Billy Crystal, and Whoopi Goldberg).[19] In December 1999, he sang in French on the BBC-inspired music video of international celebrities doing a cover of the Rolling Stones' "It's Only Rock & Roll" for the charity Children's Promise.[78]

In response to the 2010 Canterbury Earthquake, Williams donated all proceeds of his "Weapons of Self Destruction" Christchurch performance to helping rebuild the New Zealand city. Half the proceeds were donated to the Red Cross and half to the mayoral building fund with the words "I hope this donation will go some way to helping the extensive rebuilding effort in the city."[79] Williams has performed with the USO for U.S. troops stationed in Iraq and Afghanistan.[80]

Williams has also actively supported St. Jude Children's Research Hospital for several years.[81]

Filmography

Main article: Robin Williams filmography

Discography

  • Reality...What a Concept (1979)
  • Throbbing Python of Love (1983)
  • A Night at The Met (1986)
  • Pecos Bill (1988)
  • Live 2002 (2002)
  • Weapons of Self Destruction (2010)

Williams appeared in the music video of Bobby McFerrin's hit 1988 song "Don't Worry, Be Happy".[82] He teamed with McFerrin again to record a cover of The Beatles' "Come Together" for the 1998 George Martin album In My Life.

He made a cameo in Cobra Starship's video "You Make Me Feel..." along with his daughter, Zelda Williams.[83]

References

  1. ^ "Free Time | Caliendo hopes 'Frank TV' makes good first impression". Pantagraph.com. Retrieved 2012-07-01.
  2. ^ According to the Nevada Marriage Index, 1956-2005; at http://www.ancestry.com/
  3. ^ The official Michigan social register, 1967, Virginia F. Searcy
  4. ^ Sources conflict. The print biographies The Life and Humor of Robin Williams: A Biography and Robin Williams: A Biography give his birth year as 1952. The Robin Williams Scrapbook also gives a birth year as 1952, as does Encyclopædia Britannica. Williams refers to himself as being "55" in an interview published July 4, 2007. Monk, Katherine (2007-07-04). "Marriage 101 with Robin Williams". Canada.com. He also verifies his date of birth as July 21, 1951 in a fansite interview: Stuurman, Linda. RWF talks with Robin Williams: Proost!, May 25, 2008.
  5. ^ Thomas, Mike (2002-02-24). "A nose for laughs". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
  6. ^ McMullen, Marion (2002-10-05). "Article: Weekend TV: Star profile. (Features)". Coventry Evening Telegraph. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
  7. ^ "If Robin Williams' comedies are inspired by his life no wonder he's been in therapy". Sunday Herald. 1999-03-14. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
  8. ^ Rubenstein, Steve (2001-09-08). "Laurie Williams – comedian's mother – SFGate". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
  9. ^ "People News". monstersandcritics.com.
  10. ^ "Full text of "Anselm J. McLaurin (late a senator from Mississippi)"". Archive.org. 1911. Retrieved 2013-07-25.
  11. ^ The Official and Statistical Register of the State of Mississippi, 1908, Pg. 977; "He [Anselm J. McLaurin] was married at Trenton, Miss., February 22, 1870, to Laura Elvira Victoria Rauch, daughter of John Rauch and wife, Epsilon Rauch, of Trenton, Miss. Mrs. McLaurin's paternal ancestors immigrated to America from Germany; maternal from England and Germany."
  12. ^ Gristwood, Sarah (1998-06-18). "Bobbin' Robin". Mail & Guardian Online. Archived from the original on October 4, 2006. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ Topel, Fred (2007-07-03). "Robin Williams on License to Wed". CanMag. Retrieved 2007-12-26.
  14. ^ "Detroit Country Day: Frequently Asked Questions". Dcds.edu. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  15. ^ October 1982, Playboy Magazine.
  16. ^ McLellan, Dennis (2007-08-18). "R. Todd Williams, 69; winery founder, comic's brother" (PDF). Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
  17. ^ Terry Gross (host) (2006-08-03). "Robin Williams: 'The Night Listener'". Fresh Air from WHYY (Radio). National Public Radio.
  18. ^ a b Reeve, Christopher (1998). Still Me. New York: Random House. pp. 167–172. ISBN 978-0-679-45235-5.
  19. ^ a b c d e f James Lipton (host) (2001-06-10). "Robin Williams". Inside the Actors Studio. Season 7. Episode 710. Bravo.
  20. ^ "Robin Williams Biography". Biography Channel. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
  21. ^ "Comedy Central Presents: 100 Greatest Stand-Ups of All Time". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 2007-12-26.
  22. ^ "Biography for Robin Williams". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 2008-04-13.
  23. ^ "Episode 24 | series: Friends". Internet Movie Database. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |season= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ "Episode 9". Whose Line Is It Anyway?. Season 3. 2000-11-16. {{cite episode}}: Unknown parameter |serieslink= ignored (|series-link= suggested) (help)
  25. ^ Rose, Lacey; Goldberg, Lesley (2013-05-10). "CBS Orders Chuck Lorre's 'Mom,' Robin Williams' 'Crazy Ones,' Will Arnett Comedy, More". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2013-07-25.
  26. ^ Rice, Lynette (February 4, 2013). "Robin Williams to star in CBS comedy pilot". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 14, 2013.
  27. ^ Otto, Jeff (2006-06-26). "Robin Williams, Joker?". IGN. Retrieved 2007-12-26.
  28. ^ "The Genie Has a Gripe With Disney : Movies: Robin Williams goes public with his beef with Disney over 'Aladdin' marketing and says he won't work for 'the Mouse' again". Los Angeles Times. 1993-11-25. Retrieved 2013-07-25.
  29. ^ "Disney's got a brand-new Baghdad". Entertainment Weekly. 1992-09-04. Retrieved 2007-03-16.
  30. ^ Hill, Jim (2000). "Be Careful What You Wish For". Jim Hill Media. Retrieved 2008-03-15. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  31. ^ "2009 Disney Legends Award Recipients to Be Honored During D23 Expo in Anaheim". Disney. 2009-09-01. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
  32. ^ robinwilliams.com [verification needed]
  33. ^ "Robin Williams - Prince of Thieves"
  34. ^ [www.youtube.com/watch?v=YypOKdif2b0‎ "Robin Williams notorious for stealing jokes Grant Woods Show 9 22"]
  35. ^ "The 10 Most Overrated Stand-Up Comedians Of All-Time - BroBible ..."
  36. ^ [1]
  37. ^ a b Richard Zoglin (2008). Comedy at the Edge. Bloomsbury USA. ISBN ISBN 978-1582346243. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
  38. ^ http://wtfpod.libsyn.com/episode_75_carlos_mencia
  39. ^ http://wtfpod.libsyn.com/episode_76_willie_barcena_steve_trevino_carlos_responds
  40. ^ www.wtfpod.libsyn.com/episode_68_steven_pearl‎
  41. ^ http://www.jewishjournal.com/enjoytheveal/item/the_etv_interview_the_amazing_steven_pearl_plus_my_first_official_letter_of
  42. ^ http://mentalfloss.com/article/24305/stop-me-if-youve-heard-look-comedy-plagiarism
  43. ^ The Broadway League. "Robin Williams: Live on Broadway". IBDB: The Official Source for Broadway Information.
  44. ^ "Bengal Tiger to Roar at the Richard Rodgers Theatre March 11 Starring Robin Williams". Broadway.com, November 12, 2010.
  45. ^ "Culture Monster". "Robin Williams to star in 'Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo' on Broadway". Los Angeles Times. October 21, 2010.
  46. ^ "Tickets for Broadway's Bengal Tiger, Starring Robin Williams, Now on Sale" playbill.com, November 17, 2010.
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General

Bibliography

  • Jay David (1999). The Life and Humor of Robin Williams: A Biography. New York: Quill. ISBN 978-0-688-15245-1.
  • Andy Dougan (1999). Robin Williams: A Biography. Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 978-1-56025-213-9.
  • Stephen J. Spignesi (1997). The Robin Williams Scrapbook. Secaucus, NJ: Carol Pub. ISBN 978-0-8065-1891-6.

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