Rest in peace: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
←Replaced content with 'DONT HAUNT ME.' Tag: blanking |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
DONT HAUNT ME. |
|||
[[File:'Requiescat', oil on canvas painting by Briton Rivière, 1888, Art Gallery of New South Wales.jpg|thumb|rigth|240px|''Requiescat'', oil on canvas painting by [[Briton Rivière]], 1888, Art Gallery of [[New South Wales]].]] |
|||
[[File:Inscription de Narbonne.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Although commonly associated with Catholicism and Christianity, the phrase is also used in Judaism. This ancient Latin inscription from 688/689 AD begins with a Latin version of the phrase. Notice the [[menorah]] in the upper left corner and the [[Hebrew calendar]] date in the lower right.]] |
|||
"'''Rest in peace'''" ([[Latin]]: '''''Requiescat in pace''''') is a short [[epitaph]] or [[idiom]]atic expression wishing eternal rest and peace to someone who has [[death|died]]. The expression typically appears on [[headstone]]s, often abbreviated as "'''RIP'''". The phrase or acronym is commonly found on the grave of Catholics,<ref>{{citation |title=Stories on stone: a book of American epitaphs |page=226 |author=Charles Langworthy Wallis |year=1954}}</ref> as it is derived from the [[burial service]] of the [[Catholic Church]], in which the following prayer is said at the commencement and conclusion:<ref>{{citation |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Z6oULX3wr58C&pg=PA94 | page=94 |title=The English poetic epitaph |author=Joshua Scodel |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=1991 |isbn=9780801424823}}</ref>{{cquote|''Anima eius et animae omnium fidelium defunctorum per Dei misericordiam requiescant in pace.''}} In English, it is rendered as<ref>{{citation |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Z6oULX3wr58C&pg=PA94 | page=94 |title=The English poetic epitaph |author=Joshua Scodel |publisher=Cornell University Press |year=1991 |isbn=9780801424823}}</ref> {{cquote|''May his soul and the souls of all the departed faithful by God's mercy rest in peace.''}} |
|||
To satisfy a vogue for rhyming couplets on tombstones, the phrase has been parsed as:<ref>{{citation| url=http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=IvgDAAAAQAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA18 |page=18 |title=A tract upon tomb-stones |author=Francis Edward Paget |year=1843}}</ref>{{cquote|''Requiescat''<br>''in pace''}} |
|||
Originally in Hebrew in [[Isaiah]] (57, 2): {{cquote|...will come in peace, and they will rest in their beds, he who goes straightforward.}} |
|||
The verse from [[Isaiah]] has been found inscribed in Hebrew on gravestones dating from the 1st century BC, in the graveyard of [[Bet Shearim]]. |
|||
This verse speaks of the righteous person who died because he could not stand the evil surrounding him. A recapture of these words, read as "come and rest in peace," has been transferred to the ancient Talmudic prayers, in a mixture of Hebrew and Aramaic of the 3rd century AD. It is used to this day in traditional Jewish ceremonies.<ref>[[El male rachamim]]</ref> |
|||
The phrase in English was not found on tombstones before the eighth century.<ref>{{citation |journal=The Church of England magazine |page=208 |year=1842 |publisher=Church Pastoral-aid Society}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=xtQRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA206 |page=206 |journal=The Baltimore literary and religious magazine |volume=3 |author=Robert Jefferson Breckinridge, Andrew Boyd Cross |chapter=Antiquity of the Religion}}</ref> It became common on the tombs of Catholics in the 18th century, for whom it was a prayerful request that their [[soul]] should find peace in the afterlife. When the phrase became conventional, the absence of a reference to the soul led people to suppose that it was the physical body that was enjoined to lie peacefully in the [[grave (burial)|grave]].<ref>{{citation |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Z6oULX3wr58C&pg=PA269 |page=269 |title=The English poetic epitaph |author=Joshua Scodel |publisher=Cornell University Press |year=1991 |isbn=9780801424823}}</ref> This is associated with the Catholic doctrine of the [[particular judgment]]; that is, that the soul is parted from the body upon death, but that the soul and the body will be reunited on [[Judgment Day]].<ref>{{citation |title=Epitaph culture in the West |page=336 |author=Karl Siegfried Guthke |year=2003}}</ref> |
|||
Other variations include “Requiescat in pace et in amore” for "May she rest in peace and love", “Requiescat in pace et in amore” and “In pace requiescat et in amore”. The word order is variable because Latin syntactical relationships are indicated by the inflexional endings, not by word order. However, if “Rest in peace” is used in an imperative mood, it would be “Requiesce in pace” (acronym R.I.P.) in the second person singular, or “Requiescite in pace” in the second person plural.<ref>[http://en.allexperts.com/q/Latin-2145/2009/7/Quote-requiescat-etc.htm Experts on Latin phrase.]</ref> |
|||
<gallery> |
|||
File:R.I.P..jpg|Excerpt from gravestone in [[Święciechowa]], showing R.i.p |
|||
File:Ainhoa Croix1.JPG|This cross from 1720 bears the complete Latin phrase |
|||
File:Early Christian Funerary inscription.jpg|This funerary tablet from 525 CE begins with the phrase |
|||
File:Requiescat ponaszymu.JPG|The phrase is used in languages other than Latin and English and by non-Catholics. This grave inscription in a Lutheran cemetery translates to 'Rest in Peace' from the local Cieszyn Silesian Dialect. |
|||
</gallery> |
|||
== Linguistic Analogs == |
|||
Phrases in other languages: |
|||
* {{lang-tr|"Huzur içinde yat"}} |
|||
* {{lang-es|"Descanse en Paz"}} ("'''DEP'''") |
|||
* {{lang-pt|"Descanse em Paz"}} |
|||
* {{lang-el|''"Αναπαύσου εν ειρήνη"''}} [Ana'pafsou en ei'rini] |
|||
* {{lang-grc|''"Ἀναπαύσου ἐν εἰρήνῃ"''}} |
|||
* {{lang-da|"Hvil i fred"}} |
|||
* {{lang-sr|"Počivaj u miru"}} |
|||
* {{lang-it|"Riposi in pace"}} ("'''RIP'''") |
|||
* {{lang-fr|"Repose En Paix"}} ("'''REP'''") |
|||
* {{lang-pl| "Świętej pamięci", "Niech odpoczywa w pokoju - Amen"}} |
|||
* {{lang-de|"Ruhe in Frieden"}} ("'''RIF'''") |
|||
* {{lang-nl|"Rust in vrede"}} |
|||
* {{lang-sk|"Odpočívaj v pokoji"}} |
|||
* {{lang-ro|"Odihnească-se în pace"}} |
|||
* {{lang-sv|"Vila i frid"}} |
|||
* {{lang-hu|"Nyugodjék békében"}} |
|||
* {{lang-cz|"Odpočívej v pokoji"}} |
|||
* {{lang-ru|''"Да упокоится с миром"''}} [Da upo'koitsʲa s 'mirom] (Hopefully, he will be rest in peace.); ''"Мир праху его"'' [Mir 'prahu ye'go] (Peace for his ashes.); ''"Покойся с миром"'' [Po'koysʲa s 'mirom] (May you rest in peace.); ''"Да будет земля тебе пухом"'' [Da 'budʲet zem'lʲa te'be 'puhom] (Will land you down.) |
|||
(There is no main phrase for Russian language.) |
|||
* [[Church Slavonic language]]: ''"Црствїе Нбсное"'' ['Tsarsviye Nʲe'bʲesnoye] ([[Kingdom_of_God|Kingdom of Heaven]] (for him)) |
|||
* {{lang-zh|"安息"}} |
|||
== References == |
|||
{{reflist}} |
|||
{{Commons category|Requiescat in pace}} |
|||
[[Category:Death customs]] |
|||
[[Category:English idioms]] |
|||
[[Category:Latin words and phrases]] |
|||
[[Category:Modern Latin inscriptions]] |
|||
[[Category:Christian terms]] |
|||
{{death-stub}} |
|||
{{religion-stub}} |
|||
[[ca:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[da:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[de:Ruhe in Frieden]] |
|||
[[es:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[eu:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[fr:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[it:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[la:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[mk:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[nl:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[pt:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[ru:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[fi:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[uk:Requiescat in pace]] |
|||
[[wuu:R.I.P.]] |
|||
[[zh:息止安所]] |
|||
Revision as of 18:00, 6 October 2011
DONT HAUNT ME.