Rana Raimal
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| Rana Raimal | |
|---|---|
| Rana of Mewar | |
| Reign | 1473– 24 May 1509 |
| Predecessor | Udai Singh I |
| Successor | Sangram Singh I |
| Died | 24 May 1509 |
| Spouse | Rani Champa Kanwar of Sirohi |
| Issue | Sons Prithviraj Sisodia[1] Kunwar Jaimal Rana Sanga Kunwar Jai Singh Sisodia Kunwar Patta Singh Sisodia Kunwar Ram Singh Sisodia Kunwar Bhawani Das Sisodia Kunwar Kishen Das Sisodia Kunwar Narayan Das Sisodia Kunwar Shankar Das Sisodia Kunwar Devi Das Sisodia Kunwar Sunder Das Sisodia Kunwar Ishar Das Sisodia Kunwar Veni Das Sisodia[2]
Rani Damodar Kanwar of Amber Rani Gaurjaya Devi of Merta Rani Anand Kunwar of Sirohi Rani Sisodinji of Bikaner[3] |
| Dynasty | Sisodias of Mewar |
| Father | Rana Kumbha |
| Mother | Rani Rathoriji of Idar |
| Sisodia Rajputs of Mewar II (1326–1971) |
|---|
|
Raimal Singh, also known as Rana Raimal, (r. 1473–1509) was a Hindu Rajput ruler of Mewar. Maharana Raimal was the son of Rana Kumbha and his Rathore queen, a princess of Idar.
He came to power by defeating his patricide predecessor, Udai Singh I in battles at Jawar, Darimpur and Pangarh.[4] Early in Raimal's reign, Ghiyas Shah of Malwa attacked Chittor unsuccessfully.[5] Soon after, Ghiyas Shah's general, Zafar Khan attacked Mewar and was defeated at Mandalgarh and Khairabad. By marrying Sringardevi (daughter of Rao Jodha), Raimal ended the conflict with the Rathores. During Raimal's reign, Godwar, Toda and Ajmer were captured by his son Prithviraj. Raimal also strengthened the state of Mewar and repaired the temple of Eklingji in Chittor. [6]
Early Life
[edit]Raimal Singh Sisodia was the second son of legendary Rana Kumbha born from a Rathore princess of Idar. During his last days, Rana Kumbha was struck with Mania(Unmad Rog) and exiled Raimal out of Mewar. The nobles advised Raimal that he doesn't need to leave the country as his father is not well, go to his in-laws house in Idar to which Raimal agreed.[7]
Ascent to the throne
[edit]Raimal was not the heir-apparent as he was younger to Udai Singh I. But as fate would have it, Udai Singh I killed his father(on the context that he was planning to make Raimal his heir), the legendary Rana Kumbha, while he was praying to Lord Eklingji (Shiva) and ruled for five years but the nobles were not pleased with Udai as he killed his father.[4] The nobles started staying in their jagirs and sent their brothers and sons to Udai's durbar for formality. The nobles under the leadership of Rawat Khandhal(son of Chunda Sisodia) decided to depose unrighteous Udai and make Raimal the next Rana. They called Raimal back from Idar and did his Raj Tilak at Jawar.[8] Raimal's forces defeated Udai's armies at several battles at Darimpur, Kumbhalgarh, Chittor, Jawar and Pangarh. In 1473, after the Kumbhalgarh victory, Raimal expelled Udai's sons Surajmal and Sahasmal out from Mewar.[9]
Raimal also sent a rajput messenger to Udai and said "You either take your black face and go away somewhere far, otherwise Raimal will not leave you alive". Udai then ran away to Sojat where he married a daughter of Kunwar Bagha Rathore. He then to Basi, then Bikaner. Udai and his sons then went to the court of Ghiyath Shah, Sultan of Malwa where they managed to reach an agreement with the Sultan that Udai's daughter will marry the Sultan and in exchange Sultan will attack Mewar. But Udai Singh was struck with lightning, when he was returning to his camp, after completing the negotiations, and thus the entire plan fell through and no marriage took place and Raimal formally became the Rana of Mewar.[10]
Reign
[edit]Battles Against Ghiyath Shah
[edit]Soon after Raimal's reign started, Udai's sons Surajmal and Sahasmal managed to convince Ghiyath Shah, Sultan of Malwa to launch an invasion of Mewar and help the brothers get their right for the throne from their uncle. Ghiyath Shah agreed to the brothers' demand. One of the reasons why Ghiyath agreed for this invasion could be that he wanted to take revenge for his father Mahmud Khilji who was defeated in several battles by Rana Kumbha. The Malwa army had an upper hand in this invasion since Mewar army was very weak due to double losses in the succession war between Raimal and Udai.
Ghiyath with his strong army marched towards Chittor and starting sieging the Chittor Fort. But a surprise counter attack by Raimal's army completely destroyed the invading army and many Malwa soldiers were killed including general Zahirul in the ensuing battle. Ghiyath retreated back to his capital Mandu and Mewar became victorious. Although, the year of this battle is unknown, it must have took place before 1475.[11]
Although, Ghiyath Shah lost, he started preparing for another war on Mewar. This time he sent his general Zafar Khan to capture Mewar. The jagirdar of Begun Chachakdev Hada came to Raimal's court and informed that Zafar had captured Kotah, Bhainsror and Sheopur, installed his own local thanadars (administrators). Raimal sent an army with his sons Prithviraj, Jaimal, Sangram, Patta and Ram with some nobles. Later, Raimal himself marched on a horse named Rupmal with kings of Amer, Sambhar, Ajmer, Chaksu, Lalsot, Marot and Toda. The opposing forces met and clashed at Mandalgarh, where Zafar Khan was soundly routed by the combined Rajput force, losing many of his commanders in the battle. Rana Raimal pursued Zafar in his retreat to Mandu, catching up with him at Khairabad (near Kotah) where the opposing armies fought again. The Rajputs ransacked the town and extracted heavy fines. Raimal's eldest son Prithviraj went even further to Neemuch with a force of 5000 horsemen and looted Depalpur and killed the Hakim of the city. Although the date for this battle is also unknown, but it likely took place between 1495-1500 since Raimal's sixth son Ram(who participated in this war) was not born before 1484 and Ghiyath died in early 1500.[12]
Arrival of the Jhalas
[edit]In 1506, upset with their family ruckus Ajja Jhala and Sajja Jhala(who were Raimal's wife Ratan vati Jhali's brothers) arrived in Raimal's court. They were given 3 upper category Thikanas of Bari Sadri, Delwara, Gogunda and 2 lower category Thikanas of Tada and Jhalod. As many as 7 generations of the Jhala family went on to sacrifice their lives for the Kingdom of Mewar.[13]
Family Conflict
[edit]In 1504, succession war between Raimal's sons Prithviraj, Jaimal and Sangram broke out. Prithviraj almost killed Sangram twice but both times the latter was saved by Rawat Sarangdev(grandson of Rana Lakha). This led to Raimal expelling Prithvi and Jaimal out from Chittor Fort. Both of whom established their base at Kumbhalgarh Fort.[14] Later, when Sarangdev arrived at Raimal's court to get a jagir, he got Bhainsrorgarh. But Prince Prithvi was not pleased with this decision and sent a letter to his father saying "Huzoor(Rana), You gave Kakaji(Sarangdev) a jagir of 5 lakh. If you will keep giving jagirs to small ones, You will have very less part of Mewar". Prithviraj's motive was to extract his personal revenge from Sarangdev. Raimal responded to the letter and said "if you have any problem, you all just solve it amongst yourselves". Prithviraj marched with an army of 2000 towards Bhainsrorgarh Fort but Sarangdev escaped and his family was expelled by Prithvi. Rawat Sarangdev joined his hands with Rawat Surajmal (Rana Mokal's grandson and Kshemkarna' son) who had captured some parts of Mewar in protest of Rana.
Both of them went to Sultan of Malwa, Nassirudin(son of Ghiyath Shah). The Sultan gave them his army and they started marching towards Chittor. Raimal also made his army ready for the battle and both the armies met at the river bank of Gambhir River. Raimal suffered 22 wounds in this battle and he was almost defeated. But at this critical juncture, Prince Prithvi joined the battle with his army and completely changed the result of the battle. After the defeat, Sarangdev and Surajmal went back into their camps. Prithviraj sent an injured Raimal back to the fort by a palanquin.[15] Next day, the battle resumed and ended indecisively. All the warriors on both sides were seriously injured. Surajmal went to Sadri and Sarangdev went to Badrana. Later, Prithviraj marched to Badrana with 1000 horsemen and assassinated Sarangdev in Kali Mata temple. Finally, Raimal ended the conflict by giving Sarangdev's son Joga Sarangdevot the jagir of Badrana and gifted him a Siropav.[16]
Last years
[edit]The last years of Raimal's rule were marked by conflict between his sons, with Prince Sanga (later Rana Sanga) having to flee Mewar. Raimal's elder sons, Prithviraj and Jaimal were both killed. This deeply affected the Rana and he had to announce his fourth son, Jai Singh as the heir. At this difficult juncture, the Rana was informed that Sanga was still alive. Raimal summoned Sanga back to Chittor, made him the heir and died soon afterwards on 24 May 1509.[6][17]
Personal Life
[edit]Raimal married 11 times and had 14 sons and 4 daughters. His first wife was Rani Sringar Devi Rathore, daughter of Rao Jodha. His second wife, Rani Ratan Kanwar Jhali have birth to his sons, Prithviraj, Jaimal, Sangram and Jai Singh. His tenth wife was Rani Champa Kanwar, daughter of Rao Lakharaj Devada of Sirohi.
References
[edit]- ^ Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, pp. 154.
- ^ Maharana Sanga - The Hindupat : The last great leader of the Rajput race by Har bilas Sarda Page no.12
- ^ Maharana Sanga - The Hindupat : The last great leader of the Rajput race by Har bilas Sarda Page no.12
- ^ a b Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, pp. 146.
- ^ Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, pp. 147.
- ^ a b Sharma, Dasharatha(1970) Lectures on Rajput History and Culture, pp 79-84 Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi
- ^ . 11 April 2022 https://rajputanavirasat.com/2022/04/11/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a5%9c-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%81%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%ad-27/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "मेवाड़ के महाराणा उदयकर्ण (ऊदा)". 11 April 2022.
- ^ . 12 April 2022 https://rajputanavirasat.com/2022/04/12/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a5%9c-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "मेवाड़ के महाराणा उदयकर्ण (ऊदा)". 11 April 2022.
- ^ . 12 April 2022 https://rajputanavirasat.com/2022/04/12/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a5%9c-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ . 12 April 2022 https://rajputanavirasat.com/2022/04/12/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a5%9c-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be-2/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ . 16 April 2022 https://rajputanavirasat.com/2022/04/16/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a5%9c-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be-9/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ . 14 April 2022 https://rajputanavirasat.com/2022/04/14/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a5%9c-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be-5/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ . 14 April 2022 https://rajputanavirasat.com/2022/04/14/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a5%9c-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be-6/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ . 15 April 2022 https://rajputanavirasat.com/2022/04/15/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a5%9c-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b2-%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be-7/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, pp. 152.
Bibliography
[edit]- Day, Upendra Nath. "Medieval Malwa: A Political and Cultural History, 1401-1562". Delhi University, History Department. p. 257.
- Ram Vallabh Somani (1976). History of Mewar, from Earliest Times to 1751 A.D. Mateshwari. OCLC 2929852.
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