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Siti Hartinah

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Raden Ayu
Siti Hartinah
Official portrait, 1993
2nd First Lady of Indonesia
In role
12 March 1967 – 28 April 1996
PresidentSuharto
Preceded byFatmawati
Succeeded by
Personal details
Born(1923-08-23)23 August 1923
Soerakarta, Dutch East Indies
Died28 April 1996(1996-04-28) (aged 72)
Jakarta, Indonesia
Resting placeAstana Giribangun
Spouse
​
(m. 1947)​
Children
Parents
  • Soemoharjomo (father)
  • Hatmanti Hatmohoedojo (mother)
AwardsAwards and honours
Signature
NicknameIbu Tien

Raden Ayu Siti Hartinah (23 August 1923 – 28 April 1996), also known as Siti Hartinah Soeharto or Tien Soeharto,[a] was the first lady of Indonesia from 1967 until 1996. She was the wife of Indonesian president, Suharto.

Known as Ibu Tien in Indonesia, she was widely acknowledged to have been politically powerful, and a close confidant and political advisor to Suharto.[1]

Biography

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Siti Hartinah was born in Surakarta (known colloquially as Solo), Central Java, in 1923. She is the second daughter of Sumoharyomo[b] and Hatmanti Hatmohudoyo[c]. Her family were part of the Surakarta nobility [2] and are related to the Mangkunegaran Royal household and a descendant of Mangkunegara III.[3] Her father was a Wedana, an official in the Mankunegara court and held the noble title Kanjeng Pangeran Haryå (KPH), while her mother held the title Kanjeng Raden Ayu (K.R.Ay).[2][3] At that time, employees of the royal court (Kraton) had to have royal blood.[4]

Marriage to Suharto

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Siti Hartinah and Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld in 1971

Siti Hartinah’s marriage to Suharto was initiated by Suharto's foster mother, Mrs Prawirowiharjo.[2] At that time, Suharto held the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the Indonesian Army where he was stationed in Yogyakarta.[5] Siti Hartinah and Suharto had previously met when she attended the same school with one of Suharto’s cousins in Wonogiri. [2]

A ceremony known as nontoni (a meeting for a young man to formally propose to a woman) was arranged.[6] Suharto himself doubted if her parents would be ready to give their daughter's hand to a commoner. After all, they were priyayi.[4] Suharto also felt uncomfortable as he had not seen Hartinah for a long time and was not sure if she would like him.[6] Nonetheless, Siti Hartinah’s parents appeared to have no objections and consented to have Suharto as their son-in-law.[4]

Siti Hartinah married Suharto on 26 December 1947 in Surakarta. Suharto was 26, Siti Hartinah was 24. The wedding was attended by Siti Hartinah’s family and friends (with many from the bride’s side in attendance). However, from the groom’s side, only two family members were able to attend. The evening’s reception was lit only by candlelight, as the city was on blackout alert in the event the Dutch would resume air raids.[6]

Suharto stated that the marriage was initially not one of romantic love, but they did eventually grow to love each other devotedly, a type of marriage that was very common for many Javanese of that era.[7] Three days after their wedding, the newly wedded couple traveled to live in Suharto’s house in Yogyakarta.[6]

Indonesian First Lady Siti Hartinah (right), together with Puteri Indonesia 1996 Alya Rohali (middle) and Miss Universe 1996, Alicia Machado of Venezuela (left) at Jalan Cendana.[8]

Life as First Lady

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When Suharto was first inaugurated as president, the couple decided not to make Merdeka Palace their private residence. They moved instead from Jalan Haji Agus Salim (the street where they first lived in Jakarta) to Jalan Cendana in the suburb of Menteng.[9] The Cendana house itself was not a picture of luxury as was normal amongst the homes of the rich.[10] One of the main reasons for the move was security. There was a high-rise building behind the house in Haji Agus Salim. Merdeka Palace had not been Suharto’s choice because he wanted his children to have freedom. At that time, their children were still young with the oldest at 18 years while their youngest was only 3 years old.[10]

Siti Hartinah became known in Indonesia as "Madame Tien".

Death

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Siti Hartinah died of heart failure on 28 April 1996 in Jakarta. She was interred in Astana Giribangun mausoleum complex in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java.[1] She was posthumously rendered a National Hero of Indonesia.[11] When Suharto passed away in 2008, he was interred next to his late wife.[12]

Family

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Suharto and Siti Hartinah had six children: Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana (Tutut), Sigit Harjojudanto (Sigit), Bambang Trihatmodjo (Bambang), Siti Hediyati Hariyadi (Titiek), Hutomo Mandala Putra (Tommy) and Siti Hutami Endang Adiningsih (Mamiek).

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ The alternative spelling of Suharto is from the Dutch Colonial era spelling.
  2. ^ Also spelt Soemoharjomo
  3. ^ Also spelt Hatmohoedojo

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ a b Budiardjo, Carmel (April 29, 1996)"Ibu Tien Buried Today". Archived from the original on March 2, 2008. Retrieved January 30, 2008. . hamline.edu
  2. ^ a b c d Dwipayana & Ramadhan (1989), p. 36.
  3. ^ a b "Ibu Tien Soeharto Keturunan Ningrat, Inilah Sosok Kakeknya, Seorang Raja, Dikenal Berjiwa Seni". TribunNews (in Indonesian). August 5, 2024. Retrieved December 29, 2024.
  4. ^ a b c Abdulgani-Knapp (2007), p. 29.
  5. ^ Abdulgani-Knapp (2007), p. 30.
  6. ^ a b c d Dwipayana & Ramadhan (1989), p. 37.
  7. ^ Elson, 23
  8. ^ "Notable People of Jakarta - ALYA ROHALI". Ministry of Communication and Information Technology of The Republic of Indonesia and Government of Jakarta Special Capital Region. Retrieved January 1, 2017.[dead link‍]
  9. ^ Dwipayana & Ramadhan (1989), p. 195.
  10. ^ a b Abdulgani-Knapp (2007), p. 77.
  11. ^ Indonesian State Secretariat, Daftar Nama Pahlawan (2).
  12. ^ "— Presiden Tiba di Astana Giribangun". Tempointeraktif.com. Archived from the original on August 10, 2009. Retrieved August 9, 2009.

Sources

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Further reading

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Honorary titles
Preceded by First Lady of Indonesia
12 March 1967 – 28 April 1996 		Succeeded by
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