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RD-215

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RD-215 (РД-215)
Country of originUSSR
Date1958-1960
DesignerOKB-456, V.Glushko
Associated LVR-14, Kosmos-3 and Kosmos-3M
StatusRetired
Liquid-fuel engine
PropellantAK-27I / UDMH
Mixture ratio2.5
Configuration
Chamber2
Nozzle ratio18.8
Performance
Thrust, vacuum887 kN (199,000 lbf)
Thrust, sea-level740 kN (170,000 lbf)
Chamber pressure7.355 MPa (1,066.8 psi)
Specific impulse, vacuum289 s (2.83 km/s)
Specific impulse, sea-level246 s (2.41 km/s)
Dimensions
Length2,205 mm (86.8 in)
Diameter2,260 mm (89 in)
Dry mass575 kg (1,268 lb)
Used in
R-14, Kosmos-3 and Kosmos-3M first stage
References
References[1][2][3][4][5][6]

The RD-215 (Russian: Ракетный Двигатель-215, romanized: Raketnyy Dvigatel-215, lit. 'Rocket Engine 215', GRAU index: 8D513) was a dual nozzle liquid-fuel rocket engine, burning a hypergolic mixture of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) fuel with AK-27 oxidizer (a mixture of 73% nitric acid and 27% dinitrogen tetroxide [N2O4] with iodine as a passivant). It was used in a module of two engines (four nozzles) known as the RD-216 (GRAU index: 8D514).[2] The RD-215 was developed by OKB-456 for Yangel's Yuzhmash R-14 (8K65) ballistic missile. Its variations were also used on the Kosmos-1, Kosmos-3 and Kosmos-3M launch vehicles.[1]

Versions

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The family incorporate many versions:[1][7]

  • RD-215 (GRAU index: 8D513): Original design for the R-14 (8K65). Used also on the Kosmos-1 and Kosmos-3[2][1]
  • RD-215U (GRAU index: 8D513U): Improved engine for the R-14U (8K65U).[1]
  • RD-215M (GRAU index: 8D513M): Improved version used on the Kosmos-3M.[1]
  • RD-218 (GRAU index: 8D515): Modified design for the R-16 (8K64) first stage.
  • RD-219 (GRAU index: 8D713): Modified design for the R-16 (8K64) second stage.

Modules

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These engines were bundled into modules of pairs of engines. The serial production modules were:[1][3]

  • RD-216 (GRAU index: 8D514): Bundle of two RD-215, used on the R-14 (8K65), Kosmos-1 and Kosmos-3 first stage.[2][1]
  • RD-216U (GRAU index: 8D514U): Bundle of two RD-215U, used on the R-14U (8K65U) first stage.[1]
  • RD-216M (GRAU index: 8D514M): Bundle of two RD-215M, used on the Kosmos-3M first stage.[1]
  • RD-218 (GRAU index: 8D712): Bundle of three RD-217, powers the R-16 (8K64) first stage.
RD-215 Family of Engines[1]
Engine RD-215 RD-215U RD-215M
GRAU 8D514 8D514U 8D514M
Development 1958-1960 1960-1961 1966-1968
Propellant AK-27I (73% nitric acid, 27% N2O4, and iodine passivant) / UDMH[2]
Combustion chamber pressure 7.355 MPa (1,066.8 psi)
Thrust, vacuum 887 kN (199,000 lbf) 887 kN (199,000 lbf) 890 kN (200,000 lbf)
Thrust, sea level 740 kN (170,000 lbf) 740 kN (170,000 lbf) 742.8 kN (167,000 lbf)
Isp, vacuum 289 s (2.83 km/s) 289 s (2.83 km/s) 291.3 s (2.857 km/s)
Isp, sea level 246 s (2.41 km/s) 246 s (2.41 km/s) 248 s (2.43 km/s)
Burn time 146s N/A N/A
Length 2,205 mm (86.8 in) 2,205 mm (86.8 in) 2,205 mm (86.8 in)
Diameter 2,260 mm (89 in) 2,260 mm (89 in) 2,260 mm (89 in)
Dry weight 575 kg (1,268 lb) 575 kg (1,268 lb) 570 kg (1,260 lb)
Use R-14 (8K65), Kosmos-1 and Kosmos-3 R-14U (8K65U) Kosmos-3M

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "NPO Energomash list of engines". NPO Energomash. Archived from the original on 7 November 2014.
  2. ^ a b c d e "RD-216". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on June 26, 2002. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
  3. ^ a b "R-14". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on March 9, 2003. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
  4. ^ Zak, Anatoly. "Cosmos-1, 3, 3M and 3MU". RussianSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 2016-07-05.
  5. ^ Krebs, Gunter Dirk (2016-04-22). "Kosmos-1/-3/-3M". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-07-05.
  6. ^ Nicolas, Pillet (2013-07-20). "Cosmos-3 Description du lanceur" [Kosmos 3 Launcher Description] (in French). Kosmonavtika. Retrieved 2016-07-05.
  7. ^ Article title
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