GS 2000+25

GS 2000+25
	; Near-infrared (I band) light curves for QZ Vulpeculae, adapted from Chevalier and Ilovaisky (1993). The data were collected over a 10 night period in July 1991. Data collected on different nights are plotted with different colors. The shape of the light curve changed over a period of approximately two days, leading to different shapes on even or odd numbered days.
Observation data; Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000
Constellation	Vulpecula
Right ascension	20h 02m 49.58s
Declination	+25° 14′ 11.3″
Apparent magnitude (V)	18.2
Characteristics
Spectral type	Black hole + K3-6 V
Astrometry
Distance	8800 ± 2300 ly ; (2700 ± 700 pc)
Orbit
Period (P)	8.26 hr
Details
Black hole
Mass	7.2–7.8 M☉
Other designations
	Nova Vul 1988, INTREF 1007, QZ Vul
Database references
SIMBAD	data

GS 2000+25 is an X-ray binary system in the constellation Vulpecula, consisting of a late K-type star and a black hole. It is also an X-ray nova.

Properties

Because the black hole is more massive than the companion star, it is the primary of the system. The black hole has a mass of about 5 solar masses while the companion has a mass of about 0.5 solar masses. Because the companion star has a low mass, the system is a low-mass X-ray binary.^[6]

References

^ Chevalier, C.; Ilovaisky, S. A. (March 1993). "Optical studies of transient low-mass X-ray binaries. IV. A 10-hour distorsion wave in the quiescent light curve of GS 2000+25". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 269: 301–309. Bibcode:1993A&A...269..301C. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Liu, Q. Z; Van Paradijs, J; Van Den Heuvel, E. P. J (2007). "A catalogue of low-mass X-ray binaries in the Galaxy, LMC, and SMC (Fourth edition)". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 469 (2): 807. arXiv:0707.0544. Bibcode:2007A&A...469..807L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20077303. S2CID 14673570.
^ ^a ^b Yungelson, L; Lasota, J.-P (2008). "Evolution of low-mass binaries with black-hole components". New Astronomy Reviews. 51 (10–12): 860–868. arXiv:0801.3433. Bibcode:2008NewAR..51..860Y. doi:10.1016/j.newar.2008.03.017. S2CID 11830754.
^ Reynolds, Mark T; Callanan, Paul J; Robinson, Edward L; Froning, Cynthia S (2008). "Infrared contamination in Galactic X-ray novae". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 387 (2): 788. arXiv:0804.0370. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.387..788R. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13272.x. S2CID 16918671.
^ "GS 2000+25". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ Filippenko, Alexei V.; Matheson, Thomas; Barth, Aaron J. (1995). "A Black Hole in the X-Ray Nova GS 2000+25". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 455 (2): L139. Bibcode:1995ApJ...455L.139F. doi:10.1086/309831. S2CID 123161764.

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[Chevalier-1] Chevalier, C.; Ilovaisky, S. A. (March 1993). "Optical studies of transient low-mass X-ray binaries. IV. A 10-hour distorsion wave in the quiescent light curve of GS 2000+25". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 269: 301–309. Bibcode:1993A&A...269..301C. Retrieved 28 May 2022.

[Liu-2] Liu, Q. Z; Van Paradijs, J; Van Den Heuvel, E. P. J (2007). "A catalogue of low-mass X-ray binaries in the Galaxy, LMC, and SMC (Fourth edition)". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 469 (2): 807. arXiv:0707.0544. Bibcode:2007A&A...469..807L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20077303. S2CID 14673570.

[Yungelson-3] Yungelson, L; Lasota, J.-P (2008). "Evolution of low-mass binaries with black-hole components". New Astronomy Reviews. 51 (10–12): 860–868. arXiv:0801.3433. Bibcode:2008NewAR..51..860Y. doi:10.1016/j.newar.2008.03.017. S2CID 11830754.

[Reynolds-4] Reynolds, Mark T; Callanan, Paul J; Robinson, Edward L; Froning, Cynthia S (2008). "Infrared contamination in Galactic X-ray novae". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 387 (2): 788. arXiv:0804.0370. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.387..788R. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13272.x. S2CID 16918671.

[SIMBAD-5] "GS 2000+25". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[filipenko-6] Filippenko, Alexei V.; Matheson, Thomas; Barth, Aaron J. (1995). "A Black Hole in the X-Ray Nova GS 2000+25". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 455 (2): L139. Bibcode:1995ApJ...455L.139F. doi:10.1086/309831. S2CID 123161764.

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Properties

See also

References