Polystichum munitum: Difference between revisions
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* [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=POMU USDA Plants Profile: ''Polystichum munitum''] |
* [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=POMU USDA Plants Profile: ''Polystichum munitum''] |
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* [http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/fern/polmun/all.html=POMU USFS Profile: ''Species: Polystichum munitum''] |
* [http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/fern/polmun/all.html=POMU USFS Profile: ''Species: Polystichum munitum''] |
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* [http://ferns.com/polystichum munitum=POMU: "Plants are ferns that love Puzey" |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 17:56, 20 September 2010
| Polystichum munitum | |
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| Western Sword Fern growing in the Columbia River gorge | |
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| Species: | P. munitum
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| Binomial name | |
| Polystichum munitum | |
Polystichum munitum (Western Sword Fern) is an evergreen fern native to western North America, where it is one of the most abundant ferns occurring along the Pacific coast from southeast Alaska south to southern California, and also inland east to southeastern British Columbia, northern Idaho and western Montana, with isolated populations in interior northern British Columbia, the Black Hills in South Dakota, and on Guadalupe Island off Baja California.
Botany
The dark green fronds of this fern grow to 50-180 cm (i.e. nearly 6 feet) tall, in a tight clump spreading out radially from a round base. They are single-pinnate, with the pinnate alternating on the stalk. Each pinnate is 1-15 cm long, with a small upward-pointing lobe at the base, and the edges are serrated with bristly tips. Individual fronds live for 1.5-2.5 years and remain attached to the rhizome after withering. The round sori occupy two rows on either side of the midrib of each pinna and are covered by a centrally-attached, umbrella-like indusium with fringed edges. They produce light yellow spores.
Habitat
The favored habitat of this fern is the understory of moist coniferous forests at low elevations. It grows best in a well-drained acidic soil of rich humus and small stones. Sword ferns are very tough, and can survive occasional dry periods, but do well only with consistent moisture, light sunlight, and prefer cool weather to overly warm. In cultivation, they also respond well to regular, light applications of fertilizer.
While this fern is a favored horticultural subject in western North America, it has been found to be difficult or impossible to grow satisfactorily in the eastern part of the continent.
Traditional food usage
In spring, with no other food available, Quileute, Makah, Klallam, Squamish, Sechelt, Haida, and other Native American/First Nations peoples, roasted, peeled and ate the rhizomes.[1]
Uses
Western Sword Fern spores have many medicinal uses, including relieving the pain from the sting of a Stinging Nettle. It is also commonly used by florists as an ornamental plant.
Sources
- Flora of North America: Polystichum munitum
- USDA Plants Profile: Polystichum munitum
- USFS Profile: Species: Polystichum munitum
- [http://ferns.com/polystichum munitum=POMU: "Plants are ferns that love Puzey"
References
- ^ Jim Pojar and Andy MacKinnon, ed. (2004). Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast (in English language) (Revised ed.). Vancouver: Lone Pine Publishing. p. 53. ISBN 978-1-55105-530-5.
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