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Political Consultative Conference (Republic of China)

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Political Consultative Conference

政治協商會議
Type
Type
History
Succeeded byNational Constituent Assembly (Led by the KMT) Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (Led by the CCP)
Leadership
Kuomintang leader
Opposition party leaders
Structure
Seats38
Political groups
Ruling party
  •   Kuomintang (8)

Opposition parties

Independents

Committees6 committees
Meeting place
The site of the negotiation in Chongqing, China
Political Consultative Conference
Traditional Chinese政治協商會議
Simplified Chinese政治协商会议
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhèngzhì Xiéshāng Huìyì

The Political Consultative Conference (PCC) was a conference held on 10–31 January 1946 in the Republic of China between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to create a coalition government. The PCC was convened as part of the Double Tenth Agreement between the KMT and the CCP. The conference ultimately ended in failure.

Background

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On 10 October 1945, the KMT and the CCP signed the Double Tenth Agreement in Chongqing.[1] One of the conditions agreed was the creation of a political consultative conference, participated by political party and non-party representatives.[2] Afterwards, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin advised both parties to hold a consultative conference to manage their differences.[3]

Meeting

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Due to pressure from the United States, CCP and other actors, Chiang Kai-shek eventually relented and agreed to hold a political consultative conference. The PCC was tasked with creating a new constitution and a democratic government.[4]

The PCC was held in Chongqing during 10–31 January 1946, which received both local and nationwide attention. The CCP organized many support meetings for these conference across the country, which were routinely disrupted by the secret police of the Nationalist government attempting to encourage anti-CCP sentiments.[1] The Conference, lasted until 31 January, adopted 12 resolutions including reforming government, amending draft constitution, and convening National Constituent Assembly. A committee on organizing draft constitution was also formed.[5]

Membership

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Party Officeholder Office
  KMT Sun Fo Leglslative Yuan President
Wu Tiecheng Secretary-General of the Central Party Committee of the Kuomintang
Chen Brai Deputy Secretary-General of the Supreme Council for National Defense
Chen Lifu Head of Party Organization
Chang Li-sheng Minister of the Interior
Wang Shijie Minister of Foreign Affairs
Shao Lizi Secretary-General of the National Political Participation Association
Zhang Qun Governor of Sichuan
  CCP Zhou Enlai Vice Chairman of the CCP, head of the CCP delegation
Dong Biwu Minister of Foreign Affairs
Ye Jianying Chief of Staff of the Eight Route Army
Wu Yuzhang Representative of the National Political Participation Association
Wang Ruofei Representative of the Central Committee in Chongqing
Lu Dingyi Head of the Publicity Department
Deng Yingchao Head of the Women's Department
  CDL Zhang Lan Representative of the National Political Participation Association and the CDL Chairman
Luo Longji Professor of the National Southwestern Associated University and the CDL Propaganda Department Head
Carsun Chang Representative of the China National Socialist Party
Zhang Bojun Chairman of the Third Party
Zhang Dongsun Representative of the China National Socialist Party
Shen Junru Representative of the Chinese People's National Salvation Association
Huang Yanpei Representative of the National Association of Vocational Education of China
Liang Shuming Representative of the Rural Reconstruction Movement
Zhang Shenfu Professor of the Tsinghua University
  YCP Zeng Qi Chairman of the YCP
Chen Qitian Representative of the National Political Suffrage Association
Yang Yongjun Responsible person in South China
Yu Jiaju Political member of the university professors
Chang Naide Political member of the university professors
  Ind. Mo Teh-hui Political member
Shao Congxu Political member
Wang Yun-wu Political member, director of The Commercial Press
Fu Ssu-nien Political member, university professor
Hu Zhengzhi Political member, director of Ta Kung Pao
Guo Moruo Political writer
Qian Yongming Political member, chairman of the Bank of Communications
Miao Yuntai Representative of the southwest national capitalists
Li Zhuchen Representative of the north China industrial capitalists
Source:[6]

Collapse of the talks

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On 10 February 1946, riots broke out in Jiaochangkou at the center of Chongqing. The incident led to the collapse of the relations between CCP and KMT, and the continuation of the Chinese Civil War.[7]

References

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  1. ^ a b Groot 2004, p. 42.
  2. ^ "Part 1 China 1911 - 1949". The Common Program of the People's Republic of China 1949-1954. Retrieved 2024-03-06.
  3. ^ Winter, Ryan M. (30 May 2014). "The Politics of Opposition: China Politics of Opposition: China's Moderates at the Political Consultative Conference of 1946". Illinois Wesleyan University. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
  4. ^ 孟 1989, p. 473
  5. ^ Li 1946, p. 9.
  6. ^ Sheng 1997, p. 127.

Bibliography

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