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West Manggarai Regency

Coordinates: 8°38′41″S 119°52′58″E / 8.6448°S 119.8828°E / -8.6448; 119.8828
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West Manggarai Regency
Kabupaten Manggarai Barat
Regency
Coat of arms of West Manggarai Regency
Coat of arms
Location within East Nusa Tenggara
Location within East Nusa Tenggara
West Manggarai Regency is located in Flores
West Manggarai Regency
West Manggarai Regency
West Manggarai Regency is located in Lesser Sunda Islands
West Manggarai Regency
West Manggarai Regency
West Manggarai Regency (Lesser Sunda Islands)
West Manggarai Regency is located in Indonesia
West Manggarai Regency
West Manggarai Regency
West Manggarai Regency (Indonesia)
Coordinates: 8°38′41″S 119°52′58″E / 8.6448°S 119.8828°E / -8.6448; 119.8828
Country Indonesia
Province East Nusa Tenggara
CapitalLabuan Bajo
Government
 • RegentEdistasius Endi
 • Vice Regentdr. Yulianus Weng, M.Kes
Area
 • Total
1,212.93 sq mi (3,141.47 km2)
Population
 (mid 2023 estimate)[1]
 • Total
278,184
 • Density230/sq mi (89/km2)
Time zoneUTC+8 (ICST)
Area code(+62) 385
Websitemanggaraibaratkab.go.id

West Manggarai Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Manggarai Barat) is one of the eight regencies which comprise the island of Flores, located in the province of East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur) in Indonesia. The Regency was created on 25 February 2003 by the separation off of the western districts from Manggarai Regency. It covers a land area of 3,141.47 km2, and had a population of 221,703 at the 2010 census,[2] rising to 251,689 at the 2015 Intermediate census and to 256,317 at the 2020 census.[3] The official estimate as at mid 2023 was 278,184.[1] The regency's capital is the town of Labuan Bajo.

Geography

[edit]

The regency includes the western portion of Flores island (Pulau Flores) and several small islands mainly lying to the west of it, including the two largest islands, Komodo (Pulau Komodo) and Rinca (Pulau Rinca) as well as others such as Greater Seraya (Pulau Seraya Besar), Lesser Seraya (Pulau Seraya Kecil), Bidadari (Pulau Bidadari) and Longgos (Pulau Longgos). The total area of West Manggarai Regency is 10,191.47 square kilometres (3,934.95 sq mi), consisting of a land area of 3,141.47 square kilometres (1,212.93 sq mi) and a sea area of 7,050 square kilometres (2,720 sq mi).

Administration

[edit]

At the time of the 2010 census West Manggarai Regency was divided into seven districts (kecamatan), but a further five districts have subsequently been created by the division of existing districts. These are tabulated below with their areas and their 2010[2] and 2020[3] census populations, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.[1] The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 164 rural desa and 5 urban kelurahan), and its post code. Altogether there are 242 named islands off the coast of West Manggarai Regency, of which the two largest (Komodo and Rinca) with smaller islands form the Komodo National Park.

Kode
Wilayah		 Name of
District
(kecamatan)		 Land
area
in km2		 Pop'n
census
2010		 Pop'n
census
2020		 Pop'n
estimate
mid 2023		 Admin
centre		 No.
of
villages		 Post
code
53.15.05 Komodo (a) [4] 813.53 41,258 53,724 58,912 Labuan Bajo 19 (b) 86763
53.15.06 Boleng (c) [5] 486.56 16,567 18,925 20,465 Terang 11 86754
53.15.04 Sano Nggoang [6] 360.19 25,113 14,229 15,160 Werang 15 86758
53.15.10 Mbeliling [7] 231.53 (d) 13,758 14,823 Warsawe 15 86757
53.15.03 Lembor [8] 145.68 49,732 33,653 35,901 Wae Nakeng 15 (e) 86753
53.15.07 Welak [9] 319.19 19,100 21,389 23,931 Orong 16 86762
53.15.09 Lembor Selatan
(South Lembor) [10]		 275.87 (f) 23,461 26,133 Lengkong Cepang 15 86761
53.15.02 Kuwus [11] 54.55 40,365 13,673 14,520 Golo Welu 12 (g) 86752
53.15.08 Ndoso [12] 124.95 (h) 20,032 21,280 Ndoso 15 86750
53.15.12 Kuwus Barat [13]
(West Kurus)		 42.66 (h) 10,695 11,632 Landong 10 86751
53.15.01 Macang Pacar (i) [14] 174.64 29,568 15,936 17,334 Bari 13 86756
53.15.11 Pacar [15] 112.12 (j) 16,842 18,093 Pacar 13 86755
Totals 3,141.47 221,703 256,317 278,184 Labuan Bajo 169

Notes: (a) includes the 139 islands off the west coast of Flores, of which the largest are Komodo and Rinca; the district also includes the most westerly part of the Flores mainland, including the regency capital of Labuan Bajo and the entire west coast of Flores.
(b) including two kelurahan - Labuan Bajo and Wae Kelambu - and 17 desa. (c) includes the offshore islands of Pulau Boleng and Pulau Longos.
(d) The 2010 census population quoted for Sanonggoang District includes the figure for the new Mbeliling District, cut out of it between 2010 and 2015.
(e) including one kelurahan - Tangge. (f) The 2010 census population quoted for Lembor District includes the figure for the new Lembor Selatan District, cut out of it in the same period.
(g) including 2 kelurahan - Golo Ru'u and Nantal. (h) The 2010 census population quoted for Kuwus District includes the figure for the new Ndoso District, cut out of it in the same period, while the 2010 census population quoted for Kuwus District additionally includes the figure for the new Kuwus Barat District, cut out of it in 2018.
(i) includes the offshore islands of Pulau Medang and Pulau Sebabi.
(j) The 2010 census population quoted for Macang Pacar District includes the figure for the new Pacar District, cut out of it in 2018.

Demographics

[edit]

Religion

[edit]

Most of the population of West Manggarai Regency are Christianism, which is 78.56%, of which the majority are Catholicism 77.76% and Protestantism 0.80%. There is also a large proportion of the population adheres to the religion Islam which is 21.39%, and the rest are Hinduism 0.4% and Buddhism less than 0.01%.[16]

Religion in West Manggarai Regency
Religion percent
Catholicism
 
 77.76%
Islam
 
 21.39%
Protestantism
 
 0.80%
Hinduism
 
 0.04%
Other
 
 0.01%

Ethnic groups

[edit]

The Manggarai people inhabits Manggarai Regency, West Manggarai and East Manggarai, which is located on the island of Flores, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The total population is about 350,000 people.

The Manggarai language consists of several dialects, such as Pae, Mabai, Rejong, Mbaen, Pota, Central Manggarai, East Manggarai, and West Manggarai dialects. The four leading dialects may be the languages of separate ethnic groups that were subservient to the Manggarai people in ancient times.[17]

The Komodo people inhabits Komodo Village, Komodo District, West Manggarai and speak the endangered Komodo language. Komodo people inhabit the fishing village inhabited by 800 families. The population stands at 2,000 people. The majority are fishermen and some are active as Rangers in Komodo National Park.[18]

The Bajo or Bajau people are the indigenous tribes of the archipelago originating from the Sulu Islands, Philippines. Bajo migrated to various places in the Malay Archipelago, one of which was Labuhan Bajo, West Manggarai.

Labuan Bajo means the harbor for the Bajo people. This ethnic group is a nomadic ethnic group in the sea, it is not surprising that many call it the Sea Gypsy.[19]

Development issues

[edit]

Rural development

The West Manggarai Regency, along with other nearby regencies on Flores, has a long and hot dry season. Programs of tree-planting have been initiated in recent years which are helping improve the local environment.[20] These activities include efforts to promote continued attention to the cultivation of sugar palms (Arenga pinnata).[21]

Education

Education facilities in the region are limited, especially in the outlying areas. Some non-government organisations help, for example, with the provision of books for children to isolated villages.[22]

Tourism

Various local community groups in different parts of the regency work to promote the local tourist industry through, for example, the development of local dance troupes and foods from local areas.[23] In Liang Ndara village, which has been designated as a tourist site, there are programs to teach English in the local community to support the tourist industry,[24]

Mount Mbeliling (Indonesian: Gunung Mbeliling), one of the highest peaks in the regency (1,325 meters) is a well-known destination for climbers and tourists to the regency.[25] The area around Mt Mbeliling, which is rich in bird life, attracts bird-watching groups[26]

Tourism

[edit]

Sano Nggoang

[edit]

Sano (means Mount) Nggoang is 513 hectares (1.9 sq. mi.) of volcanic crater lake with depth of around 600 meters (1968.5 ft.), the deepest lake of its kind in the world.[27]

Shark and manta ray sanctuary

[edit]

In late August 2013, the local authority designated that all regency's marine and coastal water up to 12 nautical miles offshore occupied 7,000 square kilometer area as a shark and manta ray sanctuary (includes sea around Komodo Island).[28]

Komodo National Park

[edit]

The national park was founded in 1980 to protect the Komodo dragon, the world's largest lizard.[29] In 1991 the national park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[30]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kabupaten Manggarai Barat Dalam Angka 2024 (sum of reports in district Katalogs as referenced below)
  2. ^ a b Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  3. ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
  4. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Komodo Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315010)
  5. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Boleng Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315011)
  6. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Sano Nggoang Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315020)
  7. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Mbeliling Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315021)
  8. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Lembor Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315030)
  9. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Welak Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315031)
  10. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Lembor Selatan Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315032)
  11. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Kuwus Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315040)
  12. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Ndoso Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315041)
  13. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Kuwus Barat Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315042)
  14. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Macang Pacar Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315050)
  15. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Pacar Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5315051)
  16. ^ "Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Dalam Angka 2017" (PDF). BPS Nusa Tenggara Timur (in Indonesian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-09-18. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
  17. ^ Ethnic groups in NTT and Interesting Facts About It
  18. ^ Getting to Know the Uniqueness of the Komodo Tribe, the Original Ancestor of Komodo Island
  19. ^ The History of Labuan Bajo, the Land of Birth of the Native Fish-Man Race of the Archipelago
  20. ^ Markus Makur, 'Marselinus Agot: Three million trees for Manggarai Raya', The Jakarta Post, 30 September 2011. Also Markus Makur, 'Aventinus Sadip: Greening to ease warming', The Jakarta Post, 2 April 2013.
  21. ^ Markus Makur, 'Abraham Manggas: Rescuing sugar palms', The Jakarta Post, 14 August 2012.
  22. ^ Eva Muchtar, 'Gardens of Learning', The Jakarta Post Weekender, 26 April 2012.
  23. ^ Markus Makur, 'Yoseph Ugis: Never give up', The Jakarta Post, 28 December 2012.
  24. ^ Markus Makur, 'Tourism: Farmers learn English to welcome more foreign tourists', The Jakarta Post, 22 March 2013.
  25. ^ Markus Makur, Onesimus Patrio Nyamang: Climbing mountains', The Jakarta Post, 3 September 2012.
  26. ^ Markus Makur, 'Samuel Rabenak: From fascination to preservation', The Jakarta Post, 8 March 2012.
  27. ^ "Sano Nggoang Danau Vulkanik Terdalam di Dunia yang Eksotik" (in Indonesian). October 7, 2012.
  28. ^ "West Manggarai establishes shark, manta ray sanctuary". September 12, 2013.
  29. ^ UNESCO: Advisory Body Evaluation, retrieved 2 February 2010
  30. ^ "Komodo National Park". UNESCO.
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