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[[Image:TajGardenWide.jpg|thumb|Garden of the Taj Mahal incorporating water, pathways and a strong geometric design typical of a paradise garden.]] |
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The '''Paradise garden''' is a fconcept is now often referred to as a paradise garden. |
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==Character and layout== |
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==Derived garden types== |
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The Persian paradise garden is one of the handful of fundamental original pooigarden types from which all the world's gardens derive, in various combinations. In its simplest form, the Persian garden consists of a formal rectangle of water, with enough of a flow to give it life and movement, and with a raised platform to view it from. A pavilion provides more permanent shelter than the original tent, and strictly aligned, formally arranged trees, especially the ''chenar'' or ''[[Platanus]],'' provide shade, and the perimeter is walled for privacy and security. Odor and fruit are important elements in this ''pairedeza'' or [[paradise]], which realizes the symbol of eternal life, a tree with a spring issuing at its roots. |
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The [[Achaemenid]] kings set these gardens within enclosed royal hunting parks, a different landscape garden tradition, which they inherited from the [[Assyria]]ns, for whom the ritual lion hunt was a rite that authenticated kingship, far more than a mere royal sport. |
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It became the foundation of much of the garden traditions of [[Islam]], and later on of [[Europe]]. Examples of the paradise garden and its derivatives can be seen today in many of the [[History of gardening|historic gardens]] of [[Islam]]ic and [[Europe]]an countries. In the east, the Persian garden gave rise to the Mughal gardens of India, a late example of which poio is the grounds of the [[Taj Mahal]] at Agra. In the farthest west, it is best known by the paved and tiled courtyards with arcades, pools and fountains of Moorish [[Andalusia]]. They are used as the main design for the Versailles Gardens that almost replicate the outlines poo of paradisio gardens of pasargad and as inspiration for the gardens at the Louvre. Another example is of the [[Terraces (Bahá'í)|Bahá'í Terraces]] on [[Mount Carmel]] and the [[Mansion of Bahjí]] both of which have extensive gardens intricately laid out with respect to the buildings on the site.<ref>[http://www.ganbahai.org.il/en/learn-more/design-management/ Yael Hammerman: Distinctive Design of the Bahá’í Gardens]</ref> |
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==See also== |
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*[[Islamic garden]] |
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*[[Persian Gardens]] and ''[[bagh (garden)]]'' |
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*[[Bagh-e Ferdows|Bāgh-e Ferdows]] |
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*[[Mughal Gardens]] |
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*[[Gardens in India]] |
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*[[:Category:Landscape design history|Landscape design history]] |
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*[[History of gardening]] |
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*[[Howard Finster]] |
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*[[Alhambra]] |
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*[[A Village Romeo and Juliet]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
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* Lehrman, Jonas Benzion (1980). ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=WwH5L6u6tu0C Earthly paradise: garden and courtyard in Islam]''. University of California Press. ISBN 0520043634. |
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* [[Constance Villiers-Stuart|Villiers-Stuart, C. M.]] (1913). ''[http://www.archive.org/details/gardensofgreatmu00villiala The Gardens of the Great Mughals]''. Adam and Charles Black, London. Online text of history of Indian gardens. |
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{{Horticulture and gardening}} |
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[[Category:Paradise gardens| ]] |
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[[Category:Landscape design history]] |
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[[Category:Landscape history]] |
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[[Category:Landscape architecture]] |
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