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Palawan bulbul

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Palawan bulbul
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Infraorder: Passerides
Family: Pycnonotidae
Genus: Alophoixus
Species:
A. frater
Binomial name
Alophoixus frater
(Sharpe, 1877)
Synonyms
  • Alophoixus bres frater
  • Criniger bres frater
  • Criniger frater

The Palawan bulbul or grey-throated bulbul (Alophoixus frater) is a species of songbird in the family Pycnonotidae. It is endemic to Palawan Island in the Philippines. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests and tropical moist montane forests.

Description

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An illustration by Keulemans

Ebird describes it as "A medium-sized bird of lowland and foothill forest and edge on Palawan and neighboring islands. Yellow below with an olive-green back, brown wings and tail, a gray cheek, and a white throat. Note the fairly stout bill and slightly flattened bushy crest. Somewhat similar to Palawan Babbler, but has a yellow belly, an obvious crest, and dark eyes. Voice consists of three descending high-pitched notes, or else a rattling trill followed by dry staccato notes.[2]

Until 2010, it was considered a subspecies of the grey-cheeked bulbul.[3] The alternate name 'grey-throated bulbul' is also used by the western greenbul.

Diet is unknown. Typically observed alone or in pairs. [4]

Habitat and conservation status

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The species inhabits tropical moist lowland primary forest and secondary forest up to 1,150 meters above sea level.

It is assesed as least-concern under the IUCN. The whole of Palawan was designated as a Biosphere Reserve; however, protection and enforcement of laws has been difficult and these threats still continue. It occurs in the protected area of Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park.[5]

References

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  1. ^ BirdLife International (2017). "Alophoixus frater". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T103821499A113105859. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T103821499A113105859.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Gray-throated Bulbul - eBird". ebird.org. Retrieved 2024-08-28.
  3. ^ "Species Version 2 « IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 2017-05-16.
  4. ^ del Hoyo, Josep; Collar, Nigel; Kirwan, Guy M. (2020). "Gray-throated Bulbul (Alophoixus frater), version 1.0". Birds of the World. doi:10.2173/bow.gytbul1.01species_shared.bow.project_name. ISSN 2771-3105.
  5. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). Alophoixus frater: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T103821499A113105859 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-1.rlts.t103821499a113105859.en.
  • Oliveros, C.H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.