Palatoglossus muscle
| Palatoglossus muscle | |
|---|---|
 The mouth cavity seen from anterior view. The palatoglossus muscle is beneath the glossopalatine arch (labeled at upper right) | |
 Dissection of the muscles of the palate from behind. (palatoglossus muscle not labeled) | |
| Details | |
| Origin | Palatine aponeurosis |
| Insertion | Tongue |
| Nerve | Vagus nerve (via pharyngeal branch to pharyngeal plexus) |
| Actions | Raising the back part of the tongue |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | musculus palatoglossus |
| TA98 | A05.1.04.110 |
| TA2 | 2131 |
| FMA | 46697 |
| Anatomical terms of muscle | |
The palatoglossal muscle is a muscle of the soft palate and an extrinsic muscle of the tongue. Its surface is covered by oral mucosa and forms the visible palatoglossal arch.
Structure
[edit]From its origin, it passes anteroinferiorly and laterally. It passes anterior to the palatine tonsil.[1]
Origin
[edit]The palatoglossus arises (the oral aspect of) the palatine aponeurosis of the soft palate, where it is continuous with its contralateral partner (i.e. the same muscle of the opposite side).[1]
Insertion
[edit]It inserts onto the side of the tongue; some of its fibers extend over the dorsum of the tongue, and some pass into the substance of the tongue to intermingle with the transverse muscle of tongue.[1]
Innervation
[edit]The palatoglossus muscle receives motor innervation from the pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve.[1]
It is the only muscle of the tongue not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).[1]
Controversy
[edit]Some sources state that the palatoglossus is innervated by fibers from the cranial part of the accessory nerve (CN XI) that travel via the pharyngeal plexus.[2]
Other sources state that the palatoglossus is not innervated by XI hitchhiking on X, but rather it is innervated by IX via the pharyngeal plexus formed from IX and X.[3]
Actions/movements
[edit]The palatoglossus elevates the root of the tongue (i.e. the posterior attached portion of the tongue[citation needed]). It approximates the ipsilateral (same side) palatoglossal arch to the contralateral (opposite side) one, thus separating the oral cavity and the oropharynx.[1]
Function
[edit]It closes the oropharyngeal isthmus, and aids initiation of swallowing. This muscle also prevents the spill of saliva from vestibule into the oropharynx by maintaining the palatoglossal arch.
References
[edit]
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 1139 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ a b c d e f Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42th ed.). New York. p. 710. ISBN 978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC 1201341621.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Section 3, Chapter 35 - Neck and Upper Aerodigestive Tract - Pharynx. In: Standring, S, editors. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, 39th Edition. London: Elsevier; 2008. p628
- ^ Chapter 8 Head and Neck. In: Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, editors. Gray's Anatomy for Students. London: Elsevier; 2005. p991
External links
[edit]- "Anatomy diagram: 05287.011-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2014-01-01.
.