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List of protected areas of the Philippines

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In the Philippines, protected areas are administered by the Biodiversity Management Bureau of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) under the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992.

As of 2020, there are 244 protected areas in the Philippines, covering a total area of about 7,760,000 hectares (19,200,000 acres) – 15.4% of the Philippines' total area.[1]

History

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The first important legislation that formed the basis of the current system of national parks and protected areas in the Philippines is Act No. 648, enacted in 1903 by the Philippine Commission. This act authorized the civil governor to "reserve for civil public purposes, and from sale or settlement, any part of the public domain not appropriated by law for special public purposes."[2]

A total of eight national reserves had been established on July 26, 1904, pursuant to this law. These are the Lamao Forest Reserve in Bataan, Mariquina Reserve in Rizal, Angat River Reserve in Bulacan, Caliraya Falls Reserve in Laguna, La Carlota Reserve in Negros Occidental, San Ramon Reserve in Zamboanga, Magalang Reserve in Pampanga, and Hacienda San Antonio in Isabela.[3] In the same year, the Forest Act of 1904 (Act No. 1148) was adopted that expanded the scope of protected areas in the Philippines.[4] Among the first of such mountain forest reserves to be declared was Mount Maquiling declared on November 21, 1910.[5]

On February 1, 1932, the National Parks Act (Act No. 3195) was enacted that formally established the national parks system in the country.[6] Mount Arayat became the first national park in the Philippines established on June 27, 1933, following this act.

A series of acts and legislations were passed in the next decades that aimed to further strengthen these policies, including the Revised Forestry Code of 1975 (Presidential Decree No. 705) and Forest Administrative Order No. 7. Following the 1987 Constitution, the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act was enacted which further enhanced the administration and classification of protected areas and broadened the mandate of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources in enforcing its provisions.

Classification

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Protected areas in the Philippines encompasses 4,620,000 hectares (11,400,000 acres) of terrestrial areas and 3,140,000 hectares (7,800,000 acres) of marine areas.[1] They are managed according to the following classifications described in Section 4 of the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992 (NIPAS Act).[7]

National parks

[edit]
Main article: List of national parks of the Philippines

Natural parks

[edit]
Mayon Volcano Natural Park
Apo Reef Natural Park
Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park
Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park
Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park
Tubbataha Reef Natural Park

  World Heritage Site or part of a World Heritage Site

Name Area Established Location
Apo Reef 15,792.00 ha
(39,022.9 acres) 		1996 Occidental Mindoro
Balinsasayao Twin Lakes 8,016.05 ha
(19,808.1 acres) 		2000 Negros Oriental
Bicol 5,201.00 ha
(12,852.0 acres) 		2000
Bongsanglay 244.72 ha
(604.7 acres) 		2000 Masbate
Bulusan Volcano 3,672.00 ha
(9,073.7 acres) 		2000 Sorsogon
Kalbario–Patapat 3,800.00 ha
(9,390.0 acres) 		2007 Ilocos Norte
Lake Danao 2,193.00 ha
(5,419.0 acres) 		1998 Leyte
Mahagnao Volcano 635.00 ha
(1,569.1 acres) 		1998 Leyte
Mayon Volcano 5,775.70 ha
(14,272.1 acres) 		2000 Albay
Mount Apo 54,974.87 ha
(135,845.9 acres) 		1936
Mount Balatukan Range 8,423.00 ha
(20,813.7 acres) 		2007 Misamis Oriental
Mount Guiting-Guiting 15,265.48 ha
(37,721.8 acres) 		1996 Romblon
Mount Inayawan Range 3,632.74 ha
(8,976.7 acres) 		2007 Lanao del Norte
Mount Isarog 10,112.35 ha
(24,988.2 acres) 		2002 Camarines Sur
Mount Kalatungan Range 21,247.73 ha
(52,504.3 acres) 		2000 Bukidnon
Mount Kanlaon 24,388.00 ha
(60,264.1 acres) 		1997
Mount Kitanglad Range 31,235.19 ha
(77,183.8 acres) 		1996 Bukidnon
Mount Malindang 34,694.00 ha
(85,730.7 acres) 		2002 Misamis Occidental
Northern Negros 80,454.50 ha
(198,807.4 acres) 		2002 Negros Occidental
Northern Sierra Madre 359,486.00 ha
(888,309.3 acres) 		1997 Isabela
Northwest Panay Peninsula 12,009.29 ha
(29,675.6 acres) 		2002
Pasonanca 12,107.00 ha
(29,917.0 acres) 		1999 Zamboanga del Sur
Samar Island 333,300.00 ha
(823,602.2 acres) 		2003 Eastern Visayas
Sibalom 5,511.47 ha
(13,619.1 acres) 		2000 Antique
Tubbataha Reef 97,030.00 ha
(239,766.4 acres) 		2010 Palawan

Natural monuments

[edit]
Chocolate Hills Natural Monument
Name Area Established Location
Bessang Pass 693.32 ha
(1,713.2 acres) 		2000 Ilocos Sur
Chocolate Hills 14,145.00 ha
(34,953.1 acres) 		1997 Bohol
Salinas 6,675.56 ha
(16,495.7 acres) 		2000 Nueva Vizcaya
Timpoong and Hibok-Hibok 2,227.62 ha
(5,504.6 acres) 		2004 Camiguin

Protected landscape and seascapes

[edit]
Apo Island Protected Landscape and Seascape
Batanes Protected Landscape and Seascape
Pujada Bay Protected Landscape and Seascape
Name Area Established Location
Agoo–Damortis 10,513.30 ha
(25,978.9 acres) 		2000 La Union
Alburquerque–Loay–Loboc 1,164.16 ha
(2,876.7 acres) 		1999 Bohol
Aliguay Island 1,191.89 ha
(2,945.2 acres) 		1999 Zamboanga del Norte
Apo Island 691.45 ha
(1,708.6 acres) 		1994 Negros Oriental
Baliangao 295.00 ha
(729.0 acres) 		2000 Misamis Occidental
Batanes 213,578.00 ha
(527,762.7 acres) 		1994 Batanes
Biri Larosa 33,492.00 ha
(82,760.5 acres) 		2000 Northern Samar
Cuatro Islas 12,500.00 ha
(30,888.2 acres) 		2000 Leyte
Dumanquilas Bay 25,948.00 ha
(64,118.9 acres) 		1999 Zamboanga del Sur
Great and Little Santa Cruz Islands 1,877.00 ha
(4,638.2 acres) 		2000 Zamboanga del Sur
Guiuan 60,448.00 ha
(149,370.3 acres) 		1994 Eastern Samar
Initao–Libertad 1,300.78 ha
(3,214.3 acres) 		2002 Misamis Oriental
Mabini 6,106.00 ha
(15,088.3 acres) 		2000 Davao de Oro
Malabungot 120.62 ha
(298.1 acres) 		2000 Camarines Sur
Malampaya Sound 200,115.00 ha
(494,494.9 acres) 		2000 Palawan
Murcielagos Island 151.00 ha
(373.1 acres) 		2000 Zamboanga del Norte
Peñablanca 118,781.58 ha
(293,515.7 acres) 		2003 Cagayan
Pujada Bay 21,200.00 ha
(52,386.3 acres) 		1994 Davao Oriental
Selinog Island 1,294.35 ha
(3,198.4 acres) 		2000 Zamboanga del Norte
Siargao Island 278,914.13 ha
(689,211.8 acres) 		1996 Surigao del Norte
Talibon Islands 6,456.87 ha
(15,955.3 acres) 		1999 Bohol

Protected landscapes

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Taal Volcano Protected Landscape
Mount Matutum Protected Landscape
Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape
José Rizal Memorial Protected Landscape
Mount Mantalingajan Protected Landscape
Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape
Mounts Palay-Palay–Mataas-na-Gulod Protected Landscape
Name Area Established Location
Aliwagwag 10,491.33 ha
(25,924.6 acres) 		2011
Amro River 6,471.08 ha
(15,990.4 acres) 		2000 Aurora
Baganga 114.88 ha
(283.9 acres) 		2000 Davao Oriental
Banao 21,567.53 ha
(53,294.5 acres) 		2022[8] Kalinga
Bigbiga 135.71 ha
(335.3 acres) 		2000 Ilocos Sur
Buenavista 284.27 ha
(702.4 acres) 		2000 Quezon
Calbayog Pan-as–Hayiban 7,832.00 ha
(19,353.3 acres) 		1998 Samar
Casecnan 88,846.80 ha
(219,545.2 acres) 		2000
Central Cebu 29,062.00 ha
(71,813.8 acres) 		2003 Cebu
Dinadiawan River 3,371.33 ha
(8,330.7 acres) 		2000 Aurora
Hinulugang Taktak 3.20 ha
(7.9 acres) 		2000 Rizal
José Rizal Memorial 439.00 ha
(1,084.8 acres) 		2000 Zamboanga del Norte
Libunao 46.70 ha
(115.4 acres) 		2000 Ilocos Sur
Lidlidda 1,157.44 ha
(2,860.1 acres) 		2000 Ilocos Sur
Magapit 3,403.62 ha
(8,410.5 acres) 		2000 Cagayan
Mainit Hot Springs 1,374.00 ha
(3,395.2 acres) 		2000 Davao de Oro
Manleluag Spring 1,935.17 ha
(4,781.9 acres) 		2004 Pangasinan
Mati 914.26 ha
(2,259.2 acres) 		2005 Davao Oriental
Maulawin Spring 149.01 ha
(368.2 acres) 		2000 Quezon
Mimbilisan 66.00 ha
(163.1 acres) 		1999 Misamis Oriental
Mount Arayat 3,711.34 ha
(9,170.9 acres) 		2022[9] Pampanga
Mounts Banahaw–San Cristobal 10,900.59 ha
(26,935.9 acres) 		2009
Mount Mantalingajan 120,457.00 ha
(297,655.7 acres) 		2009 Palawan
Mount Matutum 15,600.00 ha
(38,548.4 acres) 		1995 South Cotabato
Mounts Palay-Palay–Mataas-na-Gulod 3,973.13 ha
(9,817.8 acres) 		2007
Mount Pulag 11,602 ha
(28,670 acres) 		2022[10]
Mount Timolan 1,994.80 ha
(4,929.3 acres) 		2000 Zamboanga del Sur
Naga-Kabasalan 5,505.45 ha
(13,604.3 acres) 		2022[11] Zamboanga Sibugay
Pamitinan 600.00 ha
(1,482.6 acres) 		1996 Rizal
Quezon 938.00 ha
(2,317.8 acres) 		2003 Quezon
Quirino 164,364.46 ha
(406,153.4 acres) 		2005 Quirino
Rajah Sikatuna 10,452.60 ha
(25,828.9 acres) 		2000 Bohol
Roosevelt 786.04 ha
(1,942.3 acres) 		2000 Bataan
Santa Lucia 174.16 ha
(430.4 acres) 		2000 Ilocos Sur
Simbahan–Talagas 2,266.49 ha
(5,600.6 acres) 		2000 Aurora
Taal Volcano 62,292.14 ha
(153,927.2 acres) 		1996 Batangas
Talaytay 3,526.29 ha
(8,713.7 acres) 		2000 Aurora
Tirad Pass 7,507.60 ha
(18,551.7 acres) 		2022[12] Ilocos Sur
Upper Marikina River Basin 26,125.64 ha
(64,557.9 acres) 		2011 Rizal

Protected seascapes

[edit]
Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape
Name Area Established Location
Panglao Island 385.67 ha
(953.0 acres) 		2003 Bohol
Sarangani Bay 215,950.00 ha
(533,624.1 acres) 		1996 Sarangani
Tañon Strait 450.00 ha
(1,112.0 acres) 		1998

Game refuge and bird sanctuaries

[edit]
Olango Island Bird Sanctuary
Name Area Established Location
Calauit Safari Park 3,400.00 ha
(8,401.6 acres) 		1976 Palawan
Calavite and FB Harrison 121,983.81 ha
(301,428.6 acres) 		1920 Occidental Mindoro
Lake Buluan 6,300.00 ha
(15,567.6 acres) 		2006 Cotabato
Lake Malimanga 12.35 ha
(30.5 acres) 		1980 Zambales
Olango Island 920.00 ha
(2,273.4 acres) 		1992 Cebu
Palawan 761,416.00 ha
(1,881,499.9 acres) 		1967 Palawan

Resource reserves

[edit]
Name Area Established Location
Siocon 793.74 ha
(1,961.4 acres) 		1999 Zamboanga del Norte
Upper Agno River Basin 77,561.00 ha
(191,657.4 acres) 		2000

Managed resource protected areas

[edit]
El Nido Managed Resource Protected Area
Name Area Established Location
El Nido Managed Resource Protected Area 89,134.76 ha
(220,256.8 acres) 		1998 Palawan

Marine reserves

[edit]
Name Area Established Location
Masinloc and Oyon Bay 7,568.00 ha
(18,700.9 acres) 		1993 Zambales
Palaui Island 7,415.48 ha
(18,324.1 acres) 		1994 Cagayan
Sagay 32,000.00 ha
(79,073.7 acres) 		2001 Negros Occidental
Taklong Island 1,143.45 ha
(2,825.5 acres) 		1990 Guimaras

Watershed forest reserves

[edit]
Angat Watershed Forest Reserve
Loboc Watershed Forest Reserve
Pantabangan–Carranglan Watershed Forest Reserve
Allah Valley Watershed Forest Reserve
Name Area Established Location
Aklan River 23,185.00 ha
(57,291.4 acres) 		1990 Aklan
Alabat 688.00 ha
(1,700.1 acres) 		1987 Quezon
Alijawan–Cansuhay–Anibongan River 3,630.00 ha
(8,969.9 acres) 		1992 Bohol
Allah Valley 92,450.00 ha
(228,448.9 acres) 		1985 South Cotabato
Angat Watershed 6,600.00 ha
(16,309.0 acres) 		1968 Bulacan
Aurora 430.00 ha
(1,062.6 acres) 		1936 Aurora
Bawa 8,955.00 ha
(22,128.3 acres) 		1987 Cagayan
Binahaan River 465.00 ha
(1,149.0 acres) 		1991 Quezon
Calabgan 4,803.00 ha
(11,868.5 acres) 		1992 Aurora
Calatrava–San Andres–San Agustin 2,670.00 ha
(6,597.7 acres) 		1982 Romblon
Calauag 328.00 ha
(810.5 acres) 		1939 Quezon
Capalonga 752.00 ha
(1,858.2 acres) 		1966 Camarines Norte
Catanduanes 26,010.00 ha
(64,272.1 acres) 		1987 Catanduanes
Dahican 44.00 ha
(108.7 acres) 		1933 Camarines Norte
Dalanas River 8,558.00 ha
(21,147.3 acres) 		1990 Antique
Dibalo–Pingit–Zabali–Malayat 4,528.00 ha
(11,188.9 acres) 		1992 Aurora
Dipaculao 1,786.00 ha
(4,413.3 acres) 		1987 Aurora
Doña Remedios–General Tinio 20,760.00 ha
(51,299.1 acres) 		1988
Dupax 424.80 ha
(1,049.7 acres) 		1934 Nueva Vizcaya
Ilocos Norte Metro 2,815.00 ha
(6,956.0 acres) 		1934 Ilocos Norte
Ilog-Hilabangan 10,211.00 ha
(25,231.9 acres) 		1990 Negros Occidental
Infanta 384.00 ha
(948.9 acres) 		1967 Quezon
Jalaur River 9,228.00 ha
(22,802.9 acres) 		1990 Iloilo
Kabankalan 432.00 ha
(1,067.5 acres) 		1991 Negros Occidental
Lake Lanao 180,460.00 ha
(445,926.4 acres) 		1992 Lanao del Sur
Libungan 52,820.00 ha
(130,521.1 acres) 		1990 Cotabato
Loboc River 19,410.00 ha
(47,963.2 acres) 		1953 Bohol
Lopez 418.00 ha
(1,032.9 acres) 		1940 Quezon
Lower Agno 39,304.00 ha
(97,122.3 acres) 		1983 Benguet
Maasin 6,150.00 ha
(15,197.0 acres) 		1923 Iloilo
Mahugunao 136.00 ha
(336.1 acres) 		1932 Misamis Oriental
Malagos 235.00 ha
(580.7 acres) 		1933 Davao del Sur
Marcos Highway 6,105.00 ha
(15,085.8 acres) 		1978 Benguet
Mariveles (Palanas) 325.00 ha
(803.1 acres) 		1919 Bataan
Mulanay 26.00 ha
(64.2 acres) 		1938 Quezon
Naguilian 90.00 ha
(222.4 acres) 		1936 La Union
Olongapo (Palanas) 6,335.00 ha
(15,654.1 acres) 		1987 Zambales
Palawan 4,776.00 ha
(11,801.8 acres) 		1982 Palawan
Palompon 2,392.00 ha
(5,910.8 acres) 		1988 Leyte
Panay River 4,350.00 ha
(10,749.1 acres) 		1990 Capiz
Pantabangan–Carranglan Watershed 84,500.00 ha
(208,804.0 acres) 		1969 Nueva Ecija
Polillo 130.00 ha
(321.2 acres) 		1966 Quezon
Santa 25.00 ha
(61.8 acres) 		1935 Ilocos Sur
South Upi 1,894.20 ha
(4,680.7 acres) 		1987 Maguindanao
Talavera 37,156.00 ha
(91,814.5 acres) 		1938
Tanap 41.00 ha
(101.3 acres) 		1971 Ilocos Norte
Tibiang–Damagandong 280.00 ha
(691.9 acres) 		1938 Quezon
Torrijos 105.00 ha
(259.5 acres) 		1932 Marinduque
Tumauini 17,670.00 ha
(43,663.5 acres) 		1994 Isabela
Wangag 6,992.00 ha
(17,277.6 acres) 		1987 Cagayan

Natural biotic areas

[edit]
Name Area Established Location
Abasig–Matogdon–Mananap 5,420.12 ha
(13,393.4 acres) 		2000 Camarines Norte
Basilan 4,497.00 ha
(11,112.3 acres) 		2000 Basilan
Buug 1,095.00 ha
(2,705.8 acres) 		1998 Zamboanga del Sur
Lagonoy 444.60 ha
(1,098.6 acres) 		2000 Camarines Sur
Tugbo 224 ha
(550 acres) 		2022 Masbate

Wildlife sanctuaries

[edit]
Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary

  World Heritage Site or part of a World Heritage Site

Name Area Established Location
Agusan Marsh 14,835.99 ha
(36,660.5 acres) 		1996 Agusan del Sur
Chico Island 7.77 ha
(19.2 acres) 		2000 Masbate
Marinduque 8,827.96 ha
(21,814.4 acres) 		2004 Marinduque
Mount Calavite 18,016.19 ha
(44,519.0 acres) 		2000 Occidental Mindoro
Mount Hamiguitan Range 6,834.00 ha
(16,887.2 acres) 		2004 Davao Oriental
Naro Island 109.98 ha
(271.8 acres) 		2000 Masbate
Rasa Island 1,983.00 ha
(4,900.1 acres) 		2006 Palawan
Sicogon Island 251 ha
(620 acres) 		2022 Iloilo
Turtle Islands 242,967.00 ha
(600,384.5 acres) 		1999 Tawi-Tawi

Wilderness areas

[edit]
Name Area Established Location
Alibijaban 430.00 ha
(1,062.6 acres) 		1981 Quezon
Awasan Bay Islands 1981 Surigao del Norte
Bantayan Island 1981[13] Cebu
Basot–Quinalang–Malabungot Islands 185.38 ha
(458.1 acres) 		1981 Camarines Sur
Caniago Strait Islands 210.00 ha
(518.9 acres) 		1981 Bohol
Cebu Strait Islands 34.00 ha
(84.0 acres) 		1981 Bohol
Dampalit Island 1981 Masbate
Guinauyan–Naro–Chico–Pobre Islands 23.25 ha
(57.5 acres) 		1981 Masbate
Isabela
Monte Alto Timber Resource Corp. 		1,985.00 ha
(4,905.0 acres) 		1987 Isabela
Majaba-Napayuan Islands 18.00 ha
(44.5 acres) 		1981 Masbate
Panag Bay Islands 1981 Surigao del Norte
Rasa Island 1981 Palawan

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Department of Environment and Natural Resources - Biodiversity Management Bureau (2020). 2020 Biodiversity Management Bureau Accomplishment Report. Quezon City, Metro Manila. ISSN 2799-0710.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  2. ^ "Act No. 648" – via Supreme Court E-Library.
  3. ^ Executive Order No. 33 (in English and Spanish). October 10, 2023 – via Executive Orders and Proclamations Issued by the Governor-General During the Year 1904 (1905, Manila: Bureau of Public Printing).
  4. ^ "Act No. 1148" – via Supreme Court E-Library.
  5. ^ Forestry Leaves. 1960. p. 90. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  6. ^ "Act No. 3915" – via Supreme Court E-Library.
  7. ^ "Philippines Republic Act 7586". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Database (DOC).
  8. ^ "Republic Act No. 11688". Official Gazette. 2022.
  9. ^ "Republic Act No. 11684". Official Gazette. 2022.
  10. ^ "Republic Act No. 11685". Official Gazette. 2022.
  11. ^ "Republic Act No. 11686". Official Gazette. 2022.
  12. ^ "Republic Act No. 11687". Official Gazette. 2022.
  13. ^ Sabalo, Wenilyn (November 17, 2019). "Management plan, land use plan sought for Bantayan Island". SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
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