Mongolian People's Party

Mongolian People's Party
File:Mongolian peoples party.svg
Chairman	Sükhbaataryn Batbold
Founded	March 1, 1921
Headquarters	Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Membership (as of February 2011)	163,805
Ideology	Social democracy; Pro-The Scene; Pro-Demi Lovato; Pro-Twitter; Pro-Pinterest; Pro-Creative Commons; Pro-Call of Duty; Opposition to Justin Bieber
Political position	Centre-left
International affiliation	Socialist International
Colors	Red and Blue
State Great Khural	46 / 76
Website
http://mpp.mn
Politics of Mongolia Political parties Elections formerly known as the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party Монгол Ардын Хувьсгалт Нам (1924-2010)

{{Politics of Mongolia

The former logo of the "Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party"

The Mongolian People's Party (Mongolian: Монгол Ардын Нам, Mongol Ardiin Nam) formerly the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (Mongolian: Монгол Ардын Хувьсгалт Нам, Mongol Ardyn Khuvsgalt Nam, МАХН, MAKHN) is an oldest political party in Mongolia. The party is abbreviated MPP in English and МАН (MAN) in (transliterated) Mongolian. The party in 2010 reverted to its original name by dropping the word 'Revolutionary'

The MPP was the ruling party of Mongolia from 1921 until 1996 (with no other political parties allowed until 1990), and from 2000 until 2004. Since 2006, it has been the leading force in two coalition governments. The incumbent prime minister, Sükhbaataryn Batbold, is from the MPP. Additionally, MPRP-backed candidates have won several presidential elections.

History

Main article: Mongolian People's Republic

By the 20s of the XX century, Mongolia was in the state of suffering from social underdevelopment and persecution by foreign oppressions, and it had completely lost its hardly gained national liberty and sovereignty of the autonomous state. At those drastic times of facing dangers of state fatality and national extinction, a group of Mongolian young people had united with the purpose of re-gaining the sovereignty of the country, and they had commenced to seek for the path of struggle.

Two different groups, established in the capital city at the beginning of 1920 , called as Capital and Council , came together to unite their forces. They convened the meeting on June 25th to discuss the issue of founding a political organization in a form of a party and to define the policy of their struggle. This secret political organization was an origin of the Mongolian People’s Party. The conceptual foundation of the party was formulated as follows: “The Mongolian People’s Party will aim to eliminate all brutal enemies harmful to the state and the religion; to re-gain the lost rights; to vigorously enhance the state and the religion; to regard the deeds for the sake of poor and vulnerable people as the supreme mission; to uphold long-lasting nature of internal affairs; and to create a living free from dangers of being oppressed and oppressing others”. The party was established on March 1, 1921, and is claimed to have been the first real political party in Mongolia. It was originally known simply as the Mongolian People's Party, but added the word "Revolutionary" at a conference in 1924 upon the advice of the Communist International /COMINTERN/. On 25th June, 1921, the Mongolian People’s Party issued a statement addressed to all Mongolians, which informed about its decision to liberate Capital city through military force.

Mongolian People’s Party’s role in socio-economic development of the country, period between 1921-1990

After declaring country’s independence in 1921, the country started to develop under MPP and People’s Government’s multifaceted progressive socio-economic policy. The special regulation to establish a public school was approved by People’s government on August 14, 1921 and the Ministry of Home Affairs set up a special department in charge of schools and enlightement on August 31, 1921. On November 2nd, 1921, the first 3 year state-run school was established in capital city which set the basis for literacy for all. The establishment of the Institute of Manuscripts on November 19th, 1921, served as the beginning of scientific organizations of Mongolia. As national trade was considered to be vital to the revival of economy The Mongolian Cooperative for Mutual Assistance was founded with 70 members. The circulation of the new national currency in 1925, marked the birth of Mongolia’s banking and taxation system. Since 1925, carpet-weaving, wood processing, iron smelting brick and gypsum plants were established, the Nalaikh coal mine, power plant and the leather factory in Altanbulag was expanded. Small scale hand-craft cooperatives met domestic demand for goods such as clothing. All these laid down the beginning of qualitative change in the economic system of Mongolia. Since the establishment of People’s Government in 1921, the country abandoned its old court system which had used harsh interrogation methods and corporal punishment, introducing a new penitentiary and re-education centers. With the view of fostering culture and arts in Mongolia, the People’s government established the Sukhbaatar Club in 1924, thus laying the foundations of national cultural and art organizations. In 1925, clubs were established in several provinces while mobile red gers were put into operation to promote culture and education among the general public this enabling people to have access to books and newspapers, cinema etc. On March 25th, 1921, the People’s Provisional Government issued a resolution to establish the unit to treat patients in the military facilities which began providing free medical treatment to the military and civilians, thus beginning the modern health system in the country. In 1930, the People’s Health Ministry was established and the state policies and activities on health started to be implemented. The first national radio broadcasting was aired on September 1st, 1934. The establishment of the Communications unit in the capital city in 1921 laid down the foundation for Mongolian Communications. In 1925 a flight between Troyitskosavsk and Ulaanbaatar was launched, paving the way for Mongolian air forces and civil aviation. The establishment of the State freight unit in July, 1925 laid down the foundation for automobile transportation. In 1940-1960, the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party intensified its activities to develop the country by implementing a series of important projects with the view to re-organizing agricultural sector into cooperatives system and gradually develop other sectors of the economy of strategic importance in planned method. The 11th Congress of the MPP, held in December 1947, approved the first 5 year plan of the country with the objectives to intensify the development of the economy, industries, animal husbandry and agriculture through series of stages. The decision of the 3rd Plenum of the Central Committee of MPP to cultivate untouched land enabled the country to produce wheat which met nation’s domestic needs.

Mongolia actively expanded its international relations and became a full-fledged member of international community, thus maintaining the nation’s independence. In the period between World War II until 1960s, Mongolia developed diplomatic relations with almost 30 countries, became a member of over 40 international organizations and joined more than 20 international treaties, agreements and conventions. Mongolia joined the United Nations in 1961. In the period between 1960-1990, the country consolidated its development basis by creating light industrial complex, laying the foundation for mining and heavy industries and establishing new industrial and urban centers throughout the country, under MPP guidance. As a result of active efforts of the Mongolian People’s Party, Mongolia was listed as one of the 25 most literate countries, ranked among the first thirty countries for the level of health services and became one of the first ten countries to send its citizen to space.

Mongolian People’s Party in democracy, period after 1990s

During the socialist period MPP upheld Marxist ideology which stemmed from the country’s special relations with the Soviet Union. The ‘perestroika’ and ‘glasnost’ taking place in the Soviet Union in mid 1980’s has inspired MPP to start the process of reforms and restructuring in Mongolia in 1988. By the end of 1989, the young intellectuals within the MPP started to call for democracy, political pluralism and social justice. Initially, this process was aimed at reforming socialism, but soon enough was swept away by a need for radical structural change of the entire society. This led to emergence of pro-democracy movements, laying the foundation for a multi-party system in the country. In the spring of 1990, the MPP Central Committee’s Politburo made a historic decision to self-resign, a move now considered as a wise one, which prevented further social unrest and public violence, and as its consequence, paved the way for a smooth transition to democratic system. With active involvement and support of the Mongolian People’s Party, Mongolians promulgated new Constitution in 1992. Mongolian People’s Party won the grand majority of votes in parliamentary elections held in 1992, 2000, 2004 and 2008 and was the ruling party between these periods. It has formed 2 coalition governments with Democratic party in 2000-2004 and in 2008. In January 2012, Democratic Party made a decision to leave the coalition government due to upcoming elections. The incumbent prime minister, Sükhbaataryn Batbold, is from the MPP. Additionally, MPP-backed candidates have won several presidential elections. Since 2003 the party has the status of a full membership in the Socialist International.

Name restoration, 26th Congress of the Party

The matter of amending the name of the party as “Mongolian People’s Party” has been at the core of open and numerous discussions among the party members and during the Party Congresses since 1990. In 2010, the matter of restoring the original name of the party was extensively deliberated at all levels of party organizations, resulting on 81,3% of all members fully supporting the restoration of the original name of “Mongolian People’s Party”, and 10,7% of members reckoning to deliberate this matter during the 26th Party Congress. The decision to restore the original name of the party was approved by 99.3% of the delegates of the 26th Congress of the Mongolian People’s Party. Other important decision made by 26th Congress was the reformulation of Party’s political ideology from democratic socialism to social democracy.

List of Leaders

• Soliin Danzan 1921
• Ajvaagiin Danzan 1922-1924
• Tseren-Ochiriin Dambadorj 1924-1928
• Bat-Ochiriin Eldev-ochir 1928-1930
• Peljidiin Genden 1928-1932
• Dargijaviin Luvsansharav 1932-1939
• Banzarjaviin Baasanjav 1936-1939
• Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal 1940-1954,1958-1984
• Dashiin Damba 1954-1958
• Jambyn Batmönkh 1985-1990
• Gombojavyn Ochirbat 1990-1991
• Budragchaagyn Dash-Yondon 1991-1996
• Natsagyn Bagabandi February 1997-June 1997
• Nambaryn Enkhbayar 1997-2005
• Miyegombiin Enkhbold 2005-2007
• Sanjaagiin Bayar 2007-2009
• Sükhbaataryn Batbold 2010-present

See also

• Politics of Mongolia
• List of political parties in Mongolia

External links

• Official website