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Mexico–Saudi Arabia relations

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Mexico-Saudi Arabia relations
Map indicating locations of Mexico and Saudi Arabia

Mexico
Saudi Arabia

The nations of Mexico and Saudi Arabia established diplomatic relations in 1952.[1] Both nations are mutual members of the G-20 major economies and the United Nations.

History

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Mexico and Saudi Arabia established diplomatic relations on 12 September 1952.[1] On 31 July 1975, Mexican President Luis Echeverría paid a five-day visit to Saudi Arabia and met with King Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud in Jeddah.[2] The two leaders also discussed current events taking place in the Middle East at the time.

In October 1981, Saudi Crown Prince Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud visited Mexico to attend the North–South Summit and met with President José López Portillo.[3] In 1981, both nations opened embassies in each other's capital's, respectively.[1]

In 2002, Mexico closed its embassy Riyadh due to budgetary restraints. The embassy was re-opened in 2004.[1] In June 2010, Mexican Foreign Secretary Patricia Espinosa paid a visit to Saudi Arabia.[4] In March 2014, Mexican Foreign Secretary José Antonio Meade paid a visit to Saudi Arabia.[5]

In January 2016, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto, paid an official visit to Saudi Arabia.[6] During his visit, President Peña Nieto met with King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and together they signed 11 bilateral agreements.[7] President Peña Nieto also awarded the Order of the Aztec Eagle to King Salman.[8] In December 2018, Saudi Minister of State Mansour bin Mutaib Al Saud attended the inauguration for President Andrés Manuel López Obrador.[9]

In March 2022, Mexican Foreign Secretary Marcelo Ebrard paid a visit to Saudi Arabia and met with his counterpart Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud. During the visit, both nations agreed to strengthen bilateral economic relations and spoke of a need for a direct air route between the two nations.[10] That same year, both nations celebrated 70 years of diplomatic relations.[11]

High-level visits

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Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto along with King Salman of Saudi Arabia in Riyadh; January 2016.

High-level visits from Mexico to Saudi Arabia[4][5][12]

High-level visits from Saudi Arabia to Mexico[3][9]

Bilateral agreements

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Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as a Memorandum of Understanding of Cooperation between both nations Diplomatic Institutions (2009); Memorandum of Understanding for the Establishment of Political Consultations on Issues of Mutual Interest (2014); Agreement to Avoid Double Taxation and Prevent Tax Evasion in the Matter of Income Taxes and its Protocol (2016); Memorandum of Understanding on Tourism Cooperation (2016); Memorandum of Understanding on Scientific and Educational Cooperation (2016); Agreement on Technical Cooperation (2016); Agreement of Cooperation between both nations Banks for Development and Exportations (2016); Agreement on Air Services (2016); Memorandum of Understanding in Cooperation the Oil and Gas Sectors (2016); Memorandum of Understanding between Pemex and Saudi Aramco (2016); and an Agreement of Cooperation to Combat Organized Crime (2017).[13][4]

Trade relations

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In 2023, two-way trade between both nations amounted to US$844 million.[14] Mexico's main exports to Saudi Arabia include: motor vehicles for the transports of goods and people, tubes and pipes of iron or steel, telephones and mobile phones, electronics, machinery, chemical based products, rubber tires, vegetables, fruits and nuts, chocolate, honey, and seafood. Saudi Arabia's main exports to Mexico include: chemical based products, polymers and polyacetals based products, turbojets, turbo propellers and other gas turbines, copper ores and concentrates, glass, parts and accessories for motor vehicles, sugar cane or beet sugar, tools, hides and skins.[14] Mexican multinational company KidZania and Zeomex operate in Saudi Arabia.[15]

Resident diplomatic missions

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d Historia de la Embajada de México en Arabia Saudita (in Spanish)
  2. ^ El viaje Presidencial por tres continentes - page 52 (in Spanish)
  3. ^ a b Cancun apt site for Rich-Poor Parley
  4. ^ a b c Comisiones Unidas de Relaciones Exteriores: Arabia Saudita - pages 3-6 (in Spanish)
  5. ^ a b Refuerza México vínculos con países de la Península Arábiga (in Spanish)
  6. ^ Histórica, visita de Peña Nieto a Arabia Saudita, destaca embajador (in Spanish)
  7. ^ México y Arabia Saudita concretan 11 acuerdos de cooperación (in Spanish)
  8. ^ Peña Nieto condecora al rey de Arabia Saudita con la Orden del Águila Azteca (in Spanish)
  9. ^ a b Comienzan a llegar a México los invitados a toma de Posesión de AMLO (in Spanish)
  10. ^ Mexico, Saudi Arabia agree to strengthen economic ties
  11. ^ Canciller Ebrard fortalece lazos con Arabia Saudita (in Spanish)
  12. ^ Undersecretary María Teresa Mercado Pérez concludes travel to Saudi Arabia
  13. ^ Bilateral agreements between Mexico and Saudi Arabia (in Spanish)
  14. ^ a b Data México: Saudi Arabia
  15. ^ Zeomex, empresa mexicana y PureGy, empresa saudí, establecen “Zeomex Middle East Limited” en Arabia Saudita, para abastecer de productos de zeolita a Medio Oriente (in Spanish)
  16. ^ Embassy of Mexico in Riyadh
  17. ^ Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Mexico City
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